580 ANAEA. By 1. Ruber. 



P. hippona. Of the following 21 forms we take \l to be loeal raees (subspecies), the others to be 

 aberrative forms, according to our rather quite insufficient material. O. Staudinger presumed 4 species: 

 drurii, cecrops, bogotunus, and hippona. But since there occurs nowheres more than one principal form, the 

 larvae of the Surinam-forni hippona and of the South Brazilian drurii exliibiting but slight differences whicli 

 do not justify the presumption of separate species, we are hardly wrong in combining all the forms to one 

 hipijona. species. We have to consider hippona F. (= fabius Cr.) (117 a) from Surinam and the Amazon as the type 

 of tJie sjiecies, varying considerably in the width of the yellow band of the foi'ewings as well ;is in the 

 orhraccKs. size and number of the subapical spots. — ochraceus BtJr. from Cayenne is an aberrative form in which all 

 the light nuxrkings are ochre-yellow; the submarginal spots of the hindwings, however, have the usual yellow 

 ca.-flancus. colouring. — In ah. castaneus Btlr. from Ega the colour of the broad inner-marginal band of the forewings 

 hti/lrri. and hindwings except the black distal margin is a beautiful chestnut-brown. — ab. butleri Stgr. from 

 Pebas on the Amazon River has a greatly reduced dark yellow median band and well developed, nu)stly pro- 

 /»/r/(.s-. longed yellow submarginal spots of the forewings. — ab. fulvus Btlr. (117 c), likewise from Pebas, is characterized 

 (rrnv'v. by a broad brown median band and 4 brown submarginal spots of the forewings. — cecrops Dhl. and Hew. 

 (117 a) from Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Costa Rica exhibits beside the differences of the upjoer sur- 

 boijijliiiuifi. face a darker under surface than hippona; it flies in Mexico (in November). — bogotanus Btlr. from Colom- 

 bia, being the first form of this species described, must be regarded as the type of the sulis|)ceies. differing from 

 liiliuriidvs. ab. titlioreides Btlr. (117 b) Ijy exhibiting but two yellow subapical spots. — In ab. albinotatus Btlr. from Colom- 

 "'"""'"'"'•'■ bia the marginal spots and the median band of the forewings arc white, the latter is also reduced to ;] smaller 

 spots. — From the Chiriqui we have before us 1 $ with a complete nu'dian band, somewliat reduced marginal 

 spots, and in the distal part broad light yellow brightened basal half of the forewings, as well as a reduced yel- 

 low spot in the black marginal band of the hindwings reaching in the anlt'rior ]iart hardly as far as to the sub- 

 cturkaiuis costal. If this form should be constant, it would have to be sej)arated as chiricanus ■sahsp. nov. — A small form 

 jasali. with very complete markings is fassli subsp. nov. (117 b) from the Cauca Valley ( West Colombia, Uj)per Matagany, 

 fdop^. 1000 m, A. H. Fassl), The under surface is vei'y light, owing to a great deal of light violet markings. — lilops 

 Btlr. from Venezuek' has, at the distal margin of the hindwings, 4 yellow-bordered white spots; according to 

 Iriiiiliilis. 0. Staudinger this form is hardly separable from tithoreidcs. — trinitatis svb.^p. nor. (117 a) from the Island of 

 Trinidad is, as shown by the figure, above considerably diffeient and is distinguished from the most closely allied 

 continental form (urhrnceus Btlr.) especially by more numerous submarginal spots. The under surface, especially 

 (livhns. also of the forewings, is very light. — divisus Btlr. from East Peru is compared by the author with bogotanus. while 

 r/Kctdrirlcn- 0. Staitdinger who got this form also fiom Bolivia, takes it to be an aberrative form of quadridentatus Btlr. 

 I((li(s. ^jj-, i^j ^^,j^j^ .^ dissolved median band and 4 small yellow marginal spots. The latter form occurs in Bolivia 

 itiiiiiaviilii- and has to be regarded as the type of the subspecies. — In al). immaculatus Stgr. (I47c) from Peru the 

 ''"■■ marginal spots are absent aiul the median band is more or less dissolved or vanished. — ab. diffusus Btlr. 

 (117 b) from Ecuador, according to 0. Staitdinger also from the interior of Peru, shows a coherent yellow 

 median band the })osterior part of which is confluent with the end of tlii' bidw n Itasal band having turned broad 

 utiiiKihiriii- yellow. — aequatorialis Btlr. (117 c) from Ecuador and Peru exhibits a greatly reduced yellow median band 

 ''■■■• and in contrast with it well developed marginal spots; the marginal spots of the hindwings are white. — ab. 

 iHTKrioiiiis. peruvianus Stgr. from Peru has a much broader median band, but smaller marginal spots. — semifulvus Btlr. 

 scinifiilru.s. (117 c) from Ecuador is presumably nothing else but a very conspicuous aberrative form which has no yellow 

 dno-ii. marking whatever and in which the ample posterior half of the hindwings is black. — drurii Btlr. (1 17 d) from 

 South Brazil has to be considered as a good subspecies. It is distinguished by broad spatulate tails of the 

 hindwings, a large white subapical spot of the forewings and white submarginal spots of the hindw ings. — The 

 scheme of markings of the under surface is the same in all the forms, but the colouring is lighter in the one 

 form, darker in the other. — Sexual differences are noticed neither in the shape, nor marking nor colouring. 

 About the larva and pupa cf. the diagnosis of the genus. 



65 Genus: Aiiaea Hbn. 

 The numerous species of this genus are distributed from the Soulliern Stall's of North Anicrit-a to 

 South Brazil, some species are found also in the Antilles; they occur, however, at the northern frontier of 

 their range in but one species, in the south in but few species, whereas n^ost of the species are at home 

 in the tropical districts. Although the species differ extreu'cly in the shape of the wings as well as in the 

 marking and colouring, still even species deviating in their exterior are easily recognized as members of 

 this genus. The subcostal of the forewings is 5-branched, but there exist great differences in the course of these 

 veins; they partly run freely, partly they merge into each other and partly they branch off again in order 

 to run into the costal margin as minute, short veins. Considering this variability in the structure of the veins, 

 it is inappropriate to found genera upon small differences. We, therefore, combine C ymatogrnmma DM. and 

 Heiv. and Pyrrhanaea, Schatz with Anaea; the latter genus is anyhow synonymous with Anaea, since its author 

 presupposed the type of Anaea {troglodyta) as type for Pyrrhanaea. The sexual diniori^hism is extremely diffe- 

 rent; there are species with but slightly different sexes, whereas others, being not in the least similar on the 

 upper surface, are also considerably different beneath for which reason the sexes of one and the same species 

 have often been considered and described as different species (as for instance indigotica-zelica, panariste-bertha) . 



dij/iisiin. 



