LIBYTHEA; EUSELA8IA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 623 



L. carinenta Cr. (= cariiiata Burin.) (120De). Typical specimeiis are above blackish brown with carhwnta. 

 a black, whitespotted apex of the forewiiig; in the cell a brownish yellow wedge-shaped streak, and light patches 

 in the median cells of the forewmgs as well as beyond the cell of the hindwing. The huidwings are beneath 

 sometimes one-coloured rocky grey, sometimes designed and coloured like a leaf. This form varies a great 

 deal, but is not bound to localities in its lV)rms, and extends from Texas to Paraguay and Buenos Ayres. — 

 bachtnani Kirtl. (120 D e) is the form occm-ring from Texas to the north in the Union: here the yellowish-brown barlniiaiii. 

 discal spots are very much broader, the subapical costal spot is connected with the next one to a small whitish 

 band. — motya Bsd. and Lee. (120 De) has much brijader wings, beneath preponderantly of a dirty greyish uioli/a. 

 yellow; from (Juba and Portorico. — ■ terena Godt. from San Domingo ai:)r()ximates the latter form, though it is fercna. 

 of a bright reddish tinge, thus a transition to the form of the northern continent, especially to larvata Streck. larvuia. 

 described from Texas which has above brighter red-brown spots and an under surface covered with violet and 

 looking marbled in a certain exposure to light. — ■ The grown-up larva is 3 cm long, cylindrical, dark green 

 with pale, yellowish-green dorsal and lateral stripes, living on Geltis occidentalis. Pupa about of the shape 

 of a Satyrid pupa, somewhat resembling that of Epinephele furtina or Pararge m.aera, bright green, lighter 

 on the sides and back. — The butterflies mostly fly about ly^ to 2 m above the ground in a not rapid clap- 

 ping flight, quite unlike that of the European Lib. celtis; they often gather in numbers round the food-trees 

 and may, just like L. celtis, go travelling in migrations. Not rare. 



B. Subfamily: Euselasiinae. 



This group takes up the second place in America, if we eliminate the genus Helicopis being considered 

 by some to belong to the subfamily of the Nemeobii?iae, and if we do not attribute any greater importance to 

 the insignificant deviation of the veins. Then the subfamily of the Nemeobiinae is separated as being unrepre- 

 sented in America and is confined to the forms dealt with in Vol. I, p. 252 — 5, and (as Tribus Nemeobiidi) in 

 Vol. IX, p. 772 — 9, as well as in Vol. XIII, p. 294 — (3 (as Lemoniinae). We, therefore, connect the Helicopis 

 — ■ which, by the way, are treated by renowned specialists as genuine Erycininne — ■ with the Euselasiinae from 

 which they form a transition both to the Nemeobiinae and the Erycininae, if the imago is taken into considera- 

 tion; which, however, it joins spontaneously, if one looks at the larva being provided with a well developed 

 organ at the neck. The Euselasiinae are easily discernible from the Erycininae by the subcostal of the fore- 

 wing possessing one branch more than the latter, i. e. 4, or as many as the palaearctic Nemeobiinae. We must, 

 however, remark that also some American species (though evidently exceptionally) correspond with the veins 

 of the palaearctic genera. Ajjart from these few cases we, therefore, unite the Euselasiinae out of the genus 

 Euselasia itself, the genera Methonella and Helicopis. We moreover add to them yet the greatly deviating 

 genus Hades about which but little is known, but which in many ways represents a connection with the Lycae- 

 nids by exhibiting a distinct alliance with the genus Eumaeus (cf. table 146 a). 



1. Genus: Huselasia Hbn. 



This genus of butterflies, which in many works is denominated as Eurygona Bsd. comprises more than 

 120 forms extending from Arizona to the south over the whole of Tropical America. The veins are inconstant 

 in as much as some species have 2, others 3, and one .species {aurantiaca G. and *S'.) even 4 subcostal branches. 

 The genus is recognizable by the anterior radial vein either running directly in the elongation of the subcostal, 

 or being connected with it by a very short anterior discocel hilar. The butterflies often have the appearance 

 of small Satyrids or TAecZa-species ; as for instance Eus. eutychus resembles (particularly beneath) exactly 

 Euptychia helle (147 b) flying in the same locality, or Thecla themathea (147 c); or Eus. clifhra I'esembles Eup- 

 tychia chloris and so on. On the upper surface there is often a very bright reflection of a shining jJower other- 

 wise not found in any lepidopteron and of a truly wonderful u'idescence. The larvae are (as far as they are 

 known) somewhat of the shape of a wood-louse, very brightly coloured, behind the head there are two points. 

 The pupae are covered with fine, fluffy hairs like the larvae, green, held by a belt. The imagines are jjartly 

 extraordinarily rare and belong to the few Erycinidae that fly to a considerable height. They also clap their 

 wings together when being at rest like other day-butterflies, unlike most of the other Erycinidae which spread 

 them out like the Geometrids. We must add that very many of the specimens lying before us and being 

 partly also figured do not correspond with the original descriptions and the original figures in all the details, 

 since they originate from other places where they were found; they belong, however, nevertheless undoubtedly 

 to the species referred to. 



E. zara Hen\ (121a). Above blackish brown, $ with a white spot on the forewing. Beneath an orange- -i/m. 

 stripe encircles the joint, earthy bnjwn median area. In the o the forewing reflects above in a dull violet as 

 far as close before the distal margin, the hindwing has abroad blue-reflecting distal margin. Brazil; extremely 

 rare. 



E. uzita Heir. (121 a). Blackish brown, the ground of the wings without a reflection, but in the uzita. 

 basal part of the forewing in the ,3 a blue spot reflecting in the sun so very brightly that the eye cannot bear 

 the lustre which is by far superior to that of a Morpho cypris, without being dazzled. Hindwing in the anal 



