050 HERMATHBNA; VOLTINIA: EUNOGYRA; CREMNA. By Dr. A. Seitz. 



11. Genus: Heriiiathciia He 



w. 



caiiaK 



This genus contains only one, unmistakable species the flight ot which is about similar to one of the 



numerous South Americftn white Terias or Leucidia. Forewings uncommonly broad, with a short costal margin 



and a long iiuier margin, hindwings almost circular. All the wings white, quite faintly tinged in yellowish, 



with large dark marginal spots beneath, showing somewhat through above. \^'idely distributed, but rare. 



didiiia. H. candidata Hew. Light bone-white with dark distal marginal spots being above powdered as if 



cohimha. with flour. Amazon to Bolivia, local and rare. Colombian specimens (colutnba Slick.) (12(i d as cnndidntii) 



are larger and have a grey base of the forewing being absent in Bolivian specimens. Our figure shows the form 



owPHi. columba. — oweni Schs. has the dark spots above blacker, augmented in the forewing by discal punctiform 



spots and some split up by light checjuering. Costa Rica; described according to 1 c?. 



12. Genus: Voltliiia Stkh. 



Stichel places into this genus two species which are little allied to each other and would have better 

 been placed in other genera. The first greatly resembles certain Mesosemia, but the central eye-spot of the 

 forewing being generally found there is absent here; the second was formerly figured in the Esthemopsis. 

 ihi'dia. V. theata Stick. (12fid). Recognizable by the dark blue, but very iridescent metal gloss, making 



the basal part of the upper surface of the wings and some band-like stripes above the disk shine in a magni- 

 ficent blue. The reflection is as intense as in the well-known Indian Lycaenid Jamides hocckus. In the $ this 

 blue gloss is also present, though somewhat duller and only in the inner half of the wings; the $ is further- 

 more distinguished by a large, snow-white, oval oblique spot behind the middle of the forewings. The under 

 surface is grey, with darker clouds and chains of blackish spots in the basal half; before the margin, espe- 

 cially on the forewing, there are fine white marginal dots. From Ecuador. Stichel describes only the 5 from 

 Colombia; according to his figure the white band of the forewing seems to vary slightly. 



radinfa. V. radiata G. and *S'. can be compared with the preceding only in the shape; in the colouring it 



is a copy of the Morpheis (93 a) and Hades (123 a) flying at the same ])lace, black, at the distal margin small 



dentata. radiaiy white cuneiform spots. Panama, Costa Rica. — In dentata Stick. (142 b) from Colombia these 

 cuneiform spots are larger. — Rare. 



13. Genus: funog-yra Ww. 



Like the preceding genus rather similar to Mesosemia, but also without the central eye-spot of the 



forewing; beneath with chains of dark spots. Forewing with a rather pointed apex, very broad; margin of 



hindwings round. Only 1 species being local, but not rare. 



Mituriis. E, satyrus IFw. (124 d). Above dark bro«n, with a dark median nebulous stripe and a chain of 



■iiriijiira. dark spots, encircled by yellowish, before the margin. — In curupira Bates from Guiana and the neighbouring 



Amazon District the marking is more complicated; before the chain of marginal spots there is another more 



indistinct series of dark spots, the dark nebulous streak behind the middle of the wings is displaced towards 



p'wHs. the margin and its former place is filled up by a lighter stripe. — picus jorm. nov. (124 d) is a large form 



from Peru without any marginal eye-spots of the forewings except tho-e near the anal angle, while those of 



the hindwings are reduced to narrow transverse ovals. . — The species extends from the northern coast of South 



America to the south as far as Brazil and Peru. The animals live in the forest, flying rather low and occurring 



singly, but not rarely. 



14. Genus: Creiiiiia Did. 

 In this genus a group of strong, robustly built butterflies was formerly combined with some species 

 of an almost Geometrid-like delicate structure. Stichel ascertained that there exists also a difference, though 

 very insignificant, in the veins, the costal of genuine Cremna sending a small short branch towards the first 

 subcostal vein, as in Eunogyra, and he, therefore, separated the species without the small connecting branch 

 as ,,Naj)aea Hbn.'\ In other respects the two groups are very closely allied to each othei-. 

 artori.^. C. actoris Cr. (= ceneus F., lusia Hbn.) (126 h). Above dark brown, in the cj with a deep blackish- 



blue tinge, both wings covered with numerous white dots and small comma-like spots. Guiana as far as Bolivia 

 >iele<i(jri.s. and Brazil. — In meleagris Hpffr. (120 h) the small spots of the upper surface are somewhat larger and of a 

 hetcroea. beautiful blue, and in heteroea Bat. (120 h) from the Upper Amazon they are, on the hindwing, often connected 

 niliira. to undulated stripes. — calitra Hew. (120 h) fiom Ecuador exhibits the light spots very much enlarged, behind 

 the middle of the forewings they are linked together to a broad matular chain, the spots being white, only 

 those before the margin light blue. 



C. thasus StoU (126 g). Dark brown with white tran.sverse stripes the exterior ones of which are 

 interrupted. Northern part of South America. In specimens from Guiana, Trinidad etc., the under and upper 

 surfaces are alike; from Muzo, A. H. Fassl brought specimens the luider surface of which exhibits so 

 very much white that the black ground-colour, especially on the hindwing. has been preserved only in fre- 

 quentlv interrupted nebulous lines. Apparently not common. 



tlnish 



