LYMAAS. By JJr. A. .Skitz. 059 



places oil the roads and rc-^t in day-tiiii'' beneath leaves: some species ai'e extremely rare, others ver\ com-' 

 mon. There are more than 50 forms known, including the hardly deviating AruUiud cinnro)i. 



L. ciriaron Fldr. (— inca Roh.) \\'.M a). Above sooty black, the hindwings with a straighth cut-ofl\ rinarou. 

 ^ellow disiai band: beneath the wings have lighter veins. — About 100 specimens bevore nie originate from 

 different jjarts of tropical South America. According to the habitat, the margin of the hi.ndwing is some- 

 times more orange, sometimes more light yellovv or light lemon-coloured, broader or narrowei-; the light veins 

 are distinct sometimes on all the wings, sometimes only on the hindwings. From Colombia to the south as 

 far as South Brazil in the east and Bolivia and Peiu in the west, in Ecuador up to a considerable altitude, 

 otherwise preferring the lowlands. — corvina Stirh. (131 a, as serriger) lies before mc in the type; it comes rdri'lmi. 

 from the Cauca Valley in Colombia; here the inner edge of the marginal band on the hindwing is serrate- 

 dentate. — crenitaenia SticJi., unknown to me in nature is like curvina, but it has in typical .sjiecimens an rroiiidiina. 

 orange-yellow apex of the forewings; from Costa Rica. — signata Stich. has besides another orange spot before .^'Kjiiala. 

 the anal angle of the forewing; Costa Rica. Other deviations are of secondary importance. Apparently in 

 man}^ places not rare, but near Rio uncommon. 



L. alena Hew. (131 a) resembles somewhat a large dmiron (131 a) with a yellow apex of the fore- alvna. 

 wing, but differs greatly by its shape and size. The sides of the abdomen are of a bright purple-red; the j'ellow 

 distal marginal band of the hindwing is just the reverse of that of crenitnenin, since on the veins continua- 

 tions of the yellow distal band extend towards the base, whereas in crenitaenia black continuations of the 

 ground-colour extend towards the margin. Rare, on the Corcovado near Rio de Janeiro and in Colombia; 

 probablj widely distributed, but owing to its great rareness discovered only in few places. 



L. passiena //e«\ (13) a). Likewise black, apex of the forewing and margin of the hindwing orange- ii<i>:Kiniii. 

 red, but the extremest margin and the fringes black, so that the orange-red appears somewhat removed 

 from the margin. Colombia. — In aulonia Hew., described from Bolivia, more than the apical third of uuioiiUi. 

 the forewing is orange and the marginal band of the hindwing more than twice as broad. 



L. pixe. Of this multiform grouj) with an orange-yellow apex of the forev\ing and an equally coloured 

 margin of the hindwing one of the first branches is zoega Hci'\ ( |3I a). Size and width of the orange-yellow ~'J''.'/«- 

 varies at almost every place, \vhere it is found; all the specimens, however, found at the same place, exactly 

 correspond with each other, zoega. occurs more in the southern part of tropical South America, in South Brazil, 

 Paraguay, Bolivia and Peru, Typical zoega originate fiom Ulinas Geraes, the> have near the base of the fore- 

 wing a distinct red dot and a rather small orange apical margin.; the figured example is a large Q. — Some- 

 times instead of the apical spot, the whole margin of the forewing is orange-yellcw in a width of 1 — 2 mm; 

 this is the form smithiae Wir. (131 b), — An intermediate form is created by the apical spot extending into siniiliidr. 

 a chain of small orange marginal spots: aurolimbata Thie^ne (131 a), from Ecuador and the adjoining Amazon aunil'mibu- 

 District as far as Bolivia. — The form of the gnnip described first is pixe Bsd. ( 131 b) from Mexico and Central . , , "' 

 America, in which the margin of the hindwing is of a purple-red instead of orange-red. This marginal band 

 is then generally divided into spots by black veins, and the red basal spot of the forewing varies greatly in 

 size. — In sexpunctala forvi. nov. it is coherent, but at the inner margin indented by the black ground- co- sexiniiii/n- 

 lour; the basal spot of the forewing is large and there appeal- some more red tlots at the base of the hind- "' 



wing and above the anal angle of the forewing; from Guerrero; — this increase of the red may be still con- 

 tinued, finally leading to the form sanguinea Stich. (131 b) which we figure from Costa Rica and which ex- ■'<<iii</uiiifii. 

 hibits an enormously enlarged basal spot and some more hemochrome spots before the margin of the forewing. 



— Of this there is again another side-form in which the spots at the distal margin of the forewings are orange. 

 It comes from Mexico, but it probably has another habitat as the larger sexpunctata from which it differs most 

 conspicuously by the marginal band of the hindwing being here orange, in sexpunctata, however, scarlet, — 

 flatnmula Bates is like zoega, but it has a much more extensively orange apex of the forewing, though the ildininalit, 

 orange is not, as in .smithiae or aurolimbata, continued along the distal margin: the hindwings have a mo- 

 derately broad orange margin and all the wings a crimson dot near the base. Near Teffe, rare, probably hardly 



to be maintained as a proper form of zoerja; according to Sticiiel also in Brazil and Bolivia. — gynaeceas yuiiucccax. 

 G. and S. has, like pixe, a yellow apex of the forewing and I red basal dots, but by the reduction of the 

 yellow margin of the hindwing it forms a transition to xarija. Central America and Mexico. 



L. xarifa Heir. (131 b). Black, the forewings with an orange-yellow apex, the hindwings, however, .au-iia. 

 without a yellow margin. The animal is comparativelj' very common and distributed all over the northern 

 part of South America, but it varies txt every habitat. Particularly the apical spot is sometimes veiy small 

 and narrow, sometimes larger than our figure shows. It is cpiite useless to denominate all these forms, because 

 animals living only a few miles away from each other exhibit already constant differences, corresponding, 

 however, again with others that were taken at great distances from them. Also with respect to the red basal dots 

 there exist all kinds ot possibilities: in the type there is a very large dot near the base of the forewing; in 

 quadripunctata Stick, another dot like it appears at the base of the hindwing. in inipunctata Stirh. (131 b) 9""'/'-'/'j|^'^^'^- 

 the retl dots are absent altogether. inipniictula. 



L. vidali Dogn. approximates the forms of -..oega belonging to the i)i.ve-e,v(m\y. and is immediately cidali. 

 recognizable l)y the apical spot of the forewing l)eing also of a magnificent hemochrome: from Loja in Ecuador, 



— laticlavia Stick, from Colomliia has a broader red marginal band of the hindwing and the apical spot is lafu-lav'm. 

 enlarged. 



