LYMNAS. By Dr. A. Seitz. 661 



the band of the forewiiig extending beyond the middle median vein and the disc of the hindwing being lie- 

 neath brightened up in the middle by bone-white. Probably they are from th.? same district, though from 

 another finding-place, as leiicofhlegmn, the t^pe of which is said to be in the Paris Museum, f denominate 

 them leucophlegmoides (131 e). li'uroiihicy- 



L. cratippa sp. nov. (131 e). Deeper black than the preceding, the veins somewhat lighter, the wings , """acH. 

 more pointed, the white band of the forewing straight, of a pure white, extending as far as to the middles 

 median vein, the apex of the forewing only beneath distinctly wliitish Maranhao (North Brazil); Matto Gmsso. 

 It is to aegates Hew. exactly as opites Hew. is to melander Cr. 



L. hillapana Rob. (=- cpiadriplaga Tkm.) (131 e) is larger than the preceding, the apc.K of the forewing i,iruii,<i,ui. 

 very much fringed in white, the oblique band broad and straight almost to the anal angle; Peru, Bolivia. — 

 In pronostriga Stick. (131 e) from ('olombia and North Brazil, in addition to the band of the forewing, the iJi-onosiriga. 

 fringes at the apex are also orange-yellow. — albugo Stich. (131 e) has the band reduced to an oblong oval, dihiii/i,. 

 white; its aberration being sold in the trade by the name of paulinn, denominated by Stichel as impura, iinimra. 

 has the reduced band ochre-yellow. The two latter forms have come in great numbers fr(jm Paraguay 

 during the last decades, where they are near Sapucay evidently not so rave as most of the other species 

 of Lymnas. 



L. semiota Bat. is near to hillapana, but differs l)y the oblique band in the forewing being yellow sauiutd. 

 instead of white. Tapajoz. It forms a transition to the wie/ffwrfer-group. 



L. melander Cr. (q. nee 2) (= meiliplaga Stich.) (131 f) has the honey-yellow band of the forewing more mehuidcr. 

 oblong quadrangular: the fringes of the hindwing likewise honey-yellow. Guiana. — opites Hew. resembles oijitc^. 

 melander, but it is smaller, the ground-colour deeper black, the fringes of the hindwing and the apex of the 

 forewing not yellow. Is to mdnnder as cratippa. Sz. is to aegates Hew. Brazil. 



L, electron Godt. ('! melander Stich.) (131 f) is smaller, the spot more whitish yellow and narrower, ckcinin. 

 so that a resemblance is created with iarbas F. from which it differs beside its smaller size by the fringes of 

 the hindwings only being yellow, not also the margin of the wings. The yellow band of the forewing is 

 besides slightly curved, not so straight, and more pale than dark golden-yellow. Northern parts of iSouth America. 



L. ubia Fhlr. (131 f). Differs from the preceding by the much broader, nearly oval oblique band of ('//(((. 

 the forewing and by the presence of small orange marginal spots separated from each other by small indenta- 

 tions of the black ground-colour, before the orange-yellow fringes of the hindwing at the anal marginal part of 

 the hindwing. Venezuela and adjoining parts of Guiana and the Amazon. 



L. epijarias Stgr. (131 f). This robust form is probably little connected with the smaller, delicate (jiijurhdn. 

 ubia. A band-like spot, the extremest apex of the forewing and the margin of the hindwing are orange 

 yellow. The butterflies are very constant; among a great number of specimens before me from Itaituba there 

 is not one that varies. — echi((na jorm. nov. (131 f) superficially resembles tibia the small marginal spots of irliidiui. 

 which, however, are here united to an orange-yellow marginal band of the hindwing; whereas the oblique spot 

 of the forewing is much narrower. It is also larger, more slender and with more pointed wings than ubia, more 

 densely scaled and with intenser colours. From San E^taban in Venezuela. 



L. iarbas F. {■— jarbus Stgr., electron F.) (131 g). Presumably the most common species of Lymnas. idrlia-f. 

 from Venezuela to Ecuador and in the islands of Curasao and Trinidad. On a deep black ground, all the uings 

 exhibit a large spot similar to a small drop of blood, near .the base, while the forewings show a sharply 

 marked orange band and the hindwings a similar margin. Although the species varies little on the whole, still 

 the inhabitants of certain flying-places are easily discernible, as for instance in Trinidad, from which is- 

 land there are about 60 specimens before me, the examples from the interior are distinctly different from those 

 from Port of Spain. Those from the island of Curasao have even been denominated: herellus Snell. Above lin-rtins. 

 all the spots resembling drops of blood vary, especially oii the hindwing; the oblique band may be some- 

 what broader, narrower, more obtuse, iriegularly defined and so on; the golden-yellow marginal band of the 

 hindwing may be of different width and extend from the anal angle to the apex, half the length of the margin 

 to I^ of the margin, it may even be absent altogether so that only the fringes are yet yellow; this is rabusctiia niiin.yriila. 

 Stich. In the same way we may leave a name also to the other extreme, melantho 3Ien. (131 g), a special luriiniihu. 

 form from Central America (contrary to S.4LVIN and GoDM.tN who simply denominate them iarbas). These 

 specimens have a golden-yellow ape.x of the forewing, and the very broad margin of the hindwing is deep orange- 

 red. On the other hand, the delimitation of the more southern specimens (avriftiar Stich.) .vith somewhat 

 broader wings, a wider oblique band and an unreduced marginal band of the hindwings necessitated the deno- 

 mination of quite a number of side-forms. These specimens are not characteristic of any district, exhibiting 

 all the transitions to the type. — In southern specimens the band of the forewing may be orange-yellow, but 

 also white; V. Boenninchausbn reports even of examples from Rio Grande do Sul the oblique band of 

 which is half white, half yellow. Certainly the shape or colour of it varies at every habitat in South Brazil, 

 and charon Bth. described from Rio is probably nothing (>lse but the Corcovado-form of this widely distri- 

 buted species. 



