(i76 • MESENE. By i)r. A. Skitz. 



paraeiie. margin. ■ — paraene BaL from Para has a j^till narrower black margin: a white clot is no more to be seen. 



guUukt. ■ <ruttula Stich. seems to denote a transition from hya to mono.^tignm. being similar to the former, though 



vwnoslig- with the red being reduced on the forewing. Paraguay. — monostigma Er. { 135 b) has the forewing blacldsh- 

 iiia. brown except a narrow injicr-marginal spot, the hindwings being more vellowish-red than vermilion, hut 

 leucophrys. the colouring is )iot constant. — By the denomination of leucophrys Bates understands both narrow-and 

 broad-margined red forms, with a red or black body, exhibiting a white nucleus only in the dark border 

 of the forewing: the diagnose is not applicable to a geographically definable form. • — The white spot and 

 I lie black margin vaiy to such an extent at every habitat, that entirely equal specimens are not at all before 

 me; even specimens denoting the ,,Rio Songo" as the finding-place, that are before me, exhibit a C![uite 

 narrow and a broader margin of the hindwing. Near Humayta on the Amazon this margin grows to be 

 ;? nnn broad. Apparently rather common. 

 riKii;,,. M. epalia Godt. (135 a). Recognizable by the more stretched, one-coloured wings being quite narrowly 



si III pier, bordered in black. Tn typical epalia the i^ is vermilion, the 9 somewhat paler. — simplex Bat. has saffron- 

 philonis. coloured $$ and in philonis Heiv. the $ is orange-yellow. Stichel regarded these forms as synonymous, 

 as he states later on, becausa he took the lighter specimens to be faded; but there occur such in all sha.des, 

 even in a pale ochre-yeilow hue; the colouring probably depends on the led or yellow models {Enchde etc.) 

 flying at the same places. South America; more to the east. 

 rpapliKs. M. epaphus Stoll (134rm). Above like epalia, but beneath the black apex of the forewing exhibits 



speculum, a white and a red spot. Guiana. • — In speculum form. nov. appears an iri'egular marginal band of the hind- 

 wing, sometimes linguiformly radiating towards the centre of the wing, and the white preapical spot of 

 (diiililiKja. the forewing appears above in reddish-yellow: Caj'enne. — albiplaga form. nov. shows this spot also above 

 glaringljr white, whereby such a great resemblance is created \\ith certain Heterocera, that the model and 

 the copy cannot be distinguished at all in the open air, while in the net they are difficult to discern, as 

 luila. they keej) their wings quite uniformly*). — nola H.-Schaff. (13im) is like albiplaga. but the black of the 

 apex of the forewing is cut off straight and the border of the hindwing more irregular. Amazon, Guiana. 

 iiiiillciilu. — mulleola Stich. seems to approxiinate albiplaga, but the black costal stripe is narrowed, beginning from 

 I'l/rrlui. the cell-end; the black border of the hindwing is the broadest at the anal angle. Upper Amazon. — pyrrha 

 Bat. likewise appioximates nolo, being above abundantly orange-red, on the hindwing the middle of the distal 

 margin exhibits a leather-coloured spot: the apical third of the forewing is black, but its margin irregular 

 cujitci-i/.i-. and in its lower part deeply indented; Teffc. — eupteryx 5-;/. likewise resembles 7wla, but it is more miniate 

 than orange-red; the black bolder of the hiuchving is broken up into spots in the middle of the border, 

 ))ut it extends at the anal angle yet for some distance up to the inner margin. The latter is also the case in 

 scrtala. the $ (= mydia Bat.) which, however, has an ochreous-vellow ground-colour. — In sertata Stick. (135 a) 

 both the white and the red spots of the apex of the forewing appear also above and the hindwing exhibits 

 black marginal wedges also above like iii sptcidmn, but without counting these a very narrow border of 

 ihe hindwing. Western Amazon. — Of this species new modifications of the markings are probably found 

 at every new habitat: it seems to be distributed over the whole northern part of Soutli America, but not 

 common. 

 ucpliciila. M. nepticula M.schlr. (135 b). Crocus-yellow, in the black apex of the forewing above 3, beneath 2 



sliijiiKj.'ili. small spots of the ground-colour. Surinam. — stigmosa Stich. from the Amazon and Ecuador has in the 

 apical part also above only 3 small spots being white. 

 iiuinjarclla. M. mafgarctta White (135 a). Similar to an epalia-Q, but from the narrow black margin of the wings 



numerous black rays rini into the wing. Beneath, the spaces between these rays are in specimens lying 

 before me from Colombia of the ground-colour, in those from Venezuela ( '? = oriens Btlr.) white. In Central 

 sciHiradiiiid. \mencan>< the rays are above very short. — semiradiata FIdr. (135 a) has a black apical part of the fore- 

 wing, with white rays through it ; Colombia and Venezuela, but presumably at other flying-places than the 

 rroiiicna. preceding. — In eromena .S7(>/(. (135a) the forewings exhibit fewer white marginal rays, the hindwings of 

 the ^ none at all. We figure (^ from (iolombia, $ from Bolivia, and it is doubtful whether both belong 

 together. I am inclined to believe that the figured $ is cpiite a different species of biitterflies, the ^ of which 

 sunlouii.,-. resembles the ?, but it is not before me. — sardonyx Stick, resembles margnreUa. but the black margiiuil 

 rays are thicker, their intermediate rays whitish, and in the disc of the wings there are some small black 

 dots; Bolivia. Lying l)efore me from Coroico (taken at an altitude of 1200 m), but in specimens ex- 

 hibiting black dots only in the cell of the forewing, not also in that of the hindwing (like Stichels figure. 

 Gen. Insect., Riodinidae t. 261, fig. 55). — Homochromous to these forms are tiny red night-butterflies, 

 such as Pseudcm. coccinen. 

 siiaris. M. silaris G. and S (135 b). Disc of the wings chrome-yellow, margin and apical part broadly black 



Icucopus. (in the $ somewhat narrower). The legs are yellow. Nicaragua. — leucopus G. and »S'. from Guatemala is 

 ictcrkis. quite similar, but smaller, and the forelegs are white. — icterias Stick., unknown to me, is said to be with 

 respect to the black margining like hyale (134 m). but smaller and the ground-colour yellow instead of red: 

 Venezuela, Peru. 



A secoiiclsiiy iisc-iiibUuiL- ■ lli'-rcliy arises ;i,lso with cci-taiii Arirori.'^, such as A. lieliuduni .s7(/;-. 



