Pahl. .37. XJI. 1023. GHIOMARA. By Dr. M. Draudt. '.U:3 



The green larva with a black head lives on Chenopodium, Aniaranthus and Labiates such as Monarda; 

 it spins a leaf together with few threads in a cymbiforni shape and feeds only at night. Conunon in the whole 

 temperate North America. 



Ph. mejicanus Beak. (177 h) is similar, the submarginal row of spots, however, is very much curved, iiirjinimis. 

 and at the cell-end there is a minute white dot. In the $ fhf small spots are somewhat larger. Beneath there 

 are mostly only 3 or 4 subapical dots; the colour is particularly on the hindwing lustrous slate-coloured black 

 with darker veins. Palpi beneath white. Distributed from the south -we.stern part of North America to Mexico. 



Ph. smodora Dyar (177 i) is much larger with broader, rounder wings, with a somewhat browner tint ; fnuoilnm. 

 vn\\ the curved, submarginal row of spots and a tiny cellular dot are present. Beneath more brown, without 

 markings, only on the hindwing there are towards the anal angle some small white scale-spots. The whole 

 body is beneath white. West Mexico (Guerrero). 



Ph. clytius G. d: S. is smaller than Hie/(C(f«vfs, the wings without any spots, the liind\\'ing in the middle rh/Zins. 

 of the distal margin more produced. The different genitals prove the insect to be a separate species. From 

 IMexico. 



Ph. alpheus E>lir. (177 i). Wings above blackish-brown, mixed with a st)mewhat lighter colour; on the (iIiiIk-ks. 

 forewing there are 3 subapical dots, a discal dot and between the median veins a whitish submarginal streak. 

 Hindwings darker. The inider surface is deep dark brown, on the hindwing scantily strewn with white irre- 

 gularly marked. Palpi beneath whitish. From New Mexico and Arizona to Mexico. 



Ph. Hbya Scddr. (177 i) is easily discernible from the other species by white fringes, and towards the lihi/a. 

 apex especially in the V '^ lighter, grey apex of the forewing. Hindwing beneath light grey mixed with a darker 

 shade, with white discal spots and minute white marginal spots. Nevada to Arizona and California. 



58. Genus: Chiuuiara G. d; S. 



Palpal terminal joint porrect or somewhat pendent; antennal club comparatively obtuse. Distal margin 

 of forewing convex. Posterior tibiae with a rather dense fur, a hair-pencil and 2 pair of spurs. 



Ch. mithrax JIscJil/-. (^- noctula Plolz) (177 i). This well-known species is of a deep blackish-brown lu'iilirii.r. 

 with a slaty-black, broad discal area, proxiniaUy bordered by a row of velvety black dots; a similar row of 

 spots is situate farther distally. Beneath lighter brown, with a darkened basal part on all the wings. Jlexico, 

 Guatemala. Colombia to Brazil, Cuba. 



Ch. punctum Mab. {= basigutta Plofz, marthona Schs.) (177 i) is very similar, mostly somewhat pinu-tion. 

 smaller, distinguished by a lighter bluish-grey, prominent postdiscal band and a very prominent black .spot 

 in the proximal third of the proximal margin. Widely distributed in South America. 



Ch, Silvia 3iab. iSize and exterior of punctum. Forewing blackish mixed with ashy-grey; near the silria. 

 base a broad, lilac-grey band with a thick, black dot in the submedian space ; the following black band is pointedly 

 broken in the cell, then follows a broad greyish-lilac band traversed by 2 black stripes; the black marginal 

 area is crossed by a greyish-red dentate line. The red-brown hindwing shows 3 darker undulate lines. 

 Beneath the forewing is proximally black, in the marginal third light red-brown with a lilac apical spot. Hind- 

 wing black, distal margin red-brown, with a black cellular spot and 2 black median bands, the proximal one 

 of which is bordered with yellowish at the anal angle. Described from Bolivia. 



Ch. gesta H.-Schaff. (= blanda Plolz, invisus Btlr. d; Drc.) (178 a) is a smaller, variable, darker species, ne-sta. 

 blackish-brown with indistinct darker transverse bands and a dull bluish-grey postdiscal band. Occasionally 

 there are on the hindwing beneath whitish diffuse spots towards the anal part. From Mexico to Stnith Brazil, 

 in Cuba and Jamaica. — f. gorgona Plolz (178 a) is a lighter brown form from Guatemala with reduced black i/oiyomi. 

 spots and bands. — - f. bigutta Pnttw. (177 i, 178 a) with a somewhat different band-marking, distinctly speclded hUjutUi. 

 fringes of the hindwing, and beneath towards the anal angle with lighter whitish hindwings: it may be better 

 regarded as a distinct species; described from Colombia. 



Ch. asychis Cr. (= dilucida Plolz) (178 a) is a very different, extremely connnon species and very tt.-;ijrliU. 

 variable. Above greyish-brown, towards the base bluish-grey with a broad hyaline band through both wings; 

 the uppermost spot of the band on the hindwing is bipartite; here there is in the cell another narrow, crescenti- 

 form spot, and there are lighter antemarginal macular bands. \\'idely distributed from Mexico to Ai'gentina, 

 and in the Antilles; specimens from St. Vincent are darker with more distinct s]3ots on the wings beneath 



Ch. onorbo Moschlr. (178 a) very much recalls a-si/chis which it also rcsendjles a great deal in its size i»iorhc. 

 and shape of the wings. But beneath onorbo shows the basal area of the hindwing bluish-grey and sharply 

 defined against the white discal band from which it is separated by a dark line, jiist like the dark marginal 

 area. Above particularly the speckled marking of the distal half of the forewing deviates from n.sychi.s. Described 

 from Surinam. 



V 115 



