FISHES OF THE FAMILY LORICARIID., 209 
emarginate. Caudal peduncle 11 times as long as deep. Numerous dark spots on 
head, body, and fins. 
Total length 310 mm. 
One specimen: W. Ecuador. 
6. PLECOSTOMUS VERRES. 
Hypostomus plecostomus (non Linn.) Cuy. & Val. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xv. p. 489 (1810). 
Hypostomus verres Cuv. & Val. t. ce. p. 494. 
? Hypostomus pantherinus Kner, Denkschr. Ak. Wien, vii. 1854, p. 267. 
Plecostomus bicirrhosus (part.) Giinth. Cat. Fish. v. p. 231 (1864). 
Depth of body 43-54 times in the total length, length of head 24-54 times. Depth 
of head 13-12 times in its length, breadth of head 14-1} times, length of snout 
12-2 times, diameter of eye 6-9} times, interorbital width 24-2} times. Length of 
mandibular ramus 34-33 times in the interorbital width. Snout narrowed anteriorly ; 
supraorbital edges raised; supraoccipital with strongly elevated median ridge; tem- 
poral plates carinate. Scutes spinulose, carinate except on caudal peduncle, 26-28 in 
a longitudinal series, 7-9 between dorsal and adipose fin, 13-14 between anal and 
caudal. Supraoccipital bordered posteriorly by a median scute and by 2 or 3 of a 
group of small scutes on each side. Lower surface of head and abdomen, in the adult, 
almost completely covered with small granular scales. D. I 7, the first ray as long as 
or a little longer than the head, the last 2-2 as long ; length of base of dorsal equal to 
or greater than its distance from the adipose fin. A.I4. Pectoral spine extending a 
little beyond base or nearly to middle of ventral. Caudal deeply emarginate, the outer 
rays greatly produced. Caudal peduncle 33 (young) to 4+ times as long as deep. 
Numerous dark spots on head, body, and fins, smallest on the head, those on the dorsal 
in 2 series between each pair of rays. In the young, spots much fewer and larger. 
Total length 320 mm. 
‘Ten specimens (including the types of the species): Venezuela ; Guiana; Marajo 
Island. 
7. fPLECOSTOMUS CARINATUS. 
Plecostomus carinatus Steind. Denkschr. Ak. Wien, xliii. 1881, p. 108, pl. iv. fig. 2. 
Very closely allied to the preceding species, from which it is distinguished by the 
larger eye and the more numerous scutes, all of which are strongly carinate. Diameter 
ot eye 6 times in the length of head. 30 scutes in a longitudinal series, 8-9 between 
dorsal and adipose fin, 16 between anal and caudal. 
The typical examples are 300-350 mm. in total length. 
R. Amazon. 
2 2 
