FISHES OF THE FAMILY LORICARIIDA. 269 
Depth of body about 53 times in the total length, length of head 3 times. Diameter 
of eye about 6 times in the length of head, interorbital width 21 times, length of snout 
2; times. Occipital region evenly convex, without crests. Scutes spinulose, not 
carinate, 24-26 in a longitudinal series. Lower surface of head with a naked area in 
front of the clavicles; abdomen covered with numerous small plates, somewhat 
irregularly arranged. D.17; origin of dorsal a little behind that of ventrals. No 
adipose fin. A.1I5. Pectoral spine extending nearly to middle of ventral. Caudal 
slightly emarginate. Caudal peduncle 3 times as long as deep. Olivaceous; caudal 
blackish, with a few white spots or lines which are most distinct on the outer rays; 
other fins with dark spots or cross-bars. 
Total length 40 mm. 
Ten specimens: Rio Grande do Sul. 
8. FOTOCINCLUS PERFORATUS. 
Microlepidogaster perforatus Kigenm. & Eigenm. Proce. Cal. Ac. (2) ii. 1889, p. 42, aud Occ. Pup. 
Cal. Ac. i. 1890, p. 394. 
Closely allied to O. nigricauda. Diameter of eye 8} times in the length of head. 
27 scutes in a longitudinal series. Origin of dorsal considerably behind that of 
ventrals. Abdomen covered with numerous small plates. Colour not stated. 
A single specimen, 32 mm. in length to base of caudal, has been recorded from the 
. Carandahy, Rio Grande do Sul. 
9. OTOCINCLUS LOPHOPHANES. 
Rhinelepis lophophanes Eigenm. & Eigenm. Proce. Cal. Ac. (2) 11. 1889, p. 42, and Oce. Pap. Cal. 
Ac. 1. 1890, p. 416. 
Depth of body about 4 times in the total length, length of head 23 times. Diameter 
of eye 7 times in the length of head, interorbital width 2} times, length of snout 
3 times. Supraoccipital with a median and paired crests. Scutes spinulose, all 
carinate, 21 in a longitudinal series. Lower surface of head with a naked area in 
front of the clavicles; abdomen naked, except for a few plates just behind the coracoids 
and an isolated plate between the ventrals. D. I 7, origin of dorsal above that of 
ventrals. A.15. Pectoral spine extending nearly to posterior end of ventral. Caudal 
peduncle about 34 times as long as deep. Ollivaceous. 
Total length 18 mm. 
One specimen (type of the species) from Santa Cruz, South-eastern Brazil. 
Subfamily II]. Loricarrina. 
Vertebre below the dorsal fin with bifid neural spines, those above the anal fin with 
bifid hemal spines; lower and fourth upper pharyngeals toothed ; teeth in the jaws 
in a single series; pseudobranchie present ; upper part of the body protected by bony 
