182 THE AMERICAN CHARACIDAE. 
length. Caudal not so long as the head. Origin of anal on the vertical from 
the 5th to 8th dorsal ray; anal rather narrow. Ventrals just reaching to anal. 
Pectorals just reaching ventrals. 
A round black spot of variable size on the dorsal, bounded above with 
the white tips of the second and third rays and below by a narrow white bar 
that is widest on the first ray, coming to a point on the fourth, fifth, or sixth 
rays. The black may extend over all of the rays or only the first five. A 
submarginal bar of black on the first anal rays, a marginal black bar on the 
last rays; occasional specimens have the intermediate rays also tipped with 
black. A slender narrowly diamond-shaped humeral spot, more distinct on 
small than on large specimens. No caudal spot. Caudal lobes tipped with 
dusky. Scales of the back outlined with dusky. 
6. HyYPHESSOBRYCON COPELANDI Durbin. 
Plate 25, fig. 2; Plate 79, fig. 11, lla, 11b. 
Hyphessobrycon copelandi Dursin, Bull. M. C. Z., 1908, 62, p. 101 (Tabatinga); Ercenmann, Rept. 
Princeton univ. exped. Patagonia, 1910, 3, p. 436. 
Hasitrat.— Upper Amazon. 
One hundred specimens, 20771 Cotypes 29-42 mm. Tabatinga Bourget 
Head 3.5 to 3.8; depth 3 to 3.2; D.11; A. 28; scales 5 to 7-24 to 27- 
3.5; eye 2.25 to 2.3; interorbital 2.8 to 3 in the head. 
Compressed; depth of head at the base of the occipital process 1.33 in the 
greatest depth. Preventral region flat, a large scale just in front of the ven- 
trals occupying the entire space between them; an irregular median series of 
10 scales. Predorsal region narrowly rounded, with complete median series 
of 8 or 9 scales. 
Occipital process 5 in the distance from its base to the dorsal, bordered 
by 2.5 to 3 scales. Interorbital very slightly convex. Frontal fontanel tri- 
angular, narrower than and two thirds as long as the parietal, without the occi- 
pital groove. Second suborbital leaving a narrow naked margin behind but 
not below. Maxillary about 1.33 in the length of the eye. Mandible equal 
to the eye. Snout short. Premaxillary with two or three 3- to 5-pointed 
teeth near the center of the outer row, the first falling between the first and 
second teeth of the second series, and the second between the second and third 
of second series. The inner series of five 5- to 7-pointed teeth. Maxillary 
