204 THE AMERICAN CHARACIDAE. 
maxillary with three or four narrow tricuspid or broadly conical teeth in the 
outer row, five 2- to 4-pointed teeth in a second series, an inner series of very 
small tricuspid or broadly conical teeth immediately behind them. Maxil- 
lary with two small tricuspids and one conical tooth, mandible with four strong 
3- to 5-pointed incisors in each ramus followed by about seven minute conical 
or recurved teeth on the sides. Gill rakers 6 + 5, short and strong. 
Origin of dorsal about equidistant from snout and base of middle caudal 
rays, its height 3.2 to 3.5 in the length; adipose well developed; height of 
anal lobe 4 to 5 in length of fish. Caudal deeply forked, its lobes equal, about 
4.5 in entire length. Anal origin slightly behind vertical from last dorsal ray; 
pectorals reach beyond ventrals; ventrals to beyond anal origin. 
An obscure dusky, humeral spot, operculum underlaid with a dusky verti- 
cal semilunar area; top of head deep black produced into a line from occiput 
to dorsal. A narrow intense lateral stripe from upper margin of operculum to 
below last dorsal rays, broadening to a heavy broad black band on the caudal 
peduncle and an oblong caudal spot, the latter produced as a triangle to the 
tips of the middle caudal rays. Margins of scales above lateral stripe outlined 
with dusky, below heavily sprinkled with chromatophores. Bases of caudal 
lobes in life evidently tinged with deep red. 
24. HyYPHESSOBRYCON AGULHA Fowler. 
Hyphessobrycon agulha Fow.rr, Proc. Acad. nat. sci. Phil., 1913, p. 549, fig. 15 (Madeira River, 200 
miles of W. Long. 62° 20’; above Falls of Guajaramirim; Igarapé de Candalaria, tributary of the 
Madeira River, about S. Lat. 8° 45’, W. Long. 63° 54’; tributaries of the Madeira River near Porto 
Velho). 
Known from the specimens in the collection of the Academy of Natural 
Sciences of Philadelphia; the largest 42 mm. in length. 
Head 3.75; depth 3.125; D. 12; A. 23; scales 6-12 + 22-3; snout 3.75, 
eye 2.4, interorbital 2.8 in the head. 
Nine predorsal scales, maxillary reaching to the vertical from the anterior 
margin of the pupil; premaxillary with 8 teeth in each series. No maxillary 
teeth; mandible with four large quinquidentate teeth in front and small conic 
teeth on the side; suborbital leaving a very narrow naked strip in lower angle. 
Origin of dorsal equidistant from tip of snout and tip of adipose. No distinct 
caudal spot, humeral region with an elliptical, horizontal blotch continued 
downward. Fins pale, middle caudal rays dusky, 
