ORDER PASSERES. 239 
mainly south of the Ohio and Delaware valleys to the Gulf coast; west 
in migration to the Plains; casual in British Columbia, Montana, and 
Colorado; accidental in California, Lower California, and Greenland. 
Euphagus cyanocéphalus (WaGLER). Brewer’s Blackbird. [510.] 
Psarocolius cyanocephalus Waauer, Isis, XXII, 1829, 758. (Mexico.) 
RancEe.— Western North America. Breeds from central British 
Columbia, Athabaska Landing, Alberta, and southwestern Keewatin 
to northern Lower California, New Mexico, and western Texas, and 
from the Pacific to northwestern Minnesota, western Nebraska, and 
Kansas; winters from southern British Columbia and Kansas south 
to Guatemala; in migration east casually to Wisconsin, Illinois, 
Missouri, Louisiana, and South Carolina. 
GENUS QUISCALUS VreILuor. 
Quiscalus Vir1LLoT, Analyse, 1816, 36. Type, by subs. desig., Gracula 
quiscula Linnxus (Gray, 1840). 
Quiscalus quiscula (LINN £Us). 
Rancr.— Temperate North America east of the Rocky Mountains. 
a. Quiscalus quiscula quiscula (Linnuus). Purple Grackle. [511.] 
Gracula quiscula Linnmus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, I, 1758 109. (Carolina.) 
RanGE.— Middle Atlantic coast region of the United States. Breeds in the 
Carolinian Fauna from the north shore of Long Island Sound and the lower 
Hudson Valley west to the Alleghenies and south to the uplands of Georgia, 
Alabama, and eastern Tennessee; winters mainly south of the Delaware Valley. 
b. Quiscalus quiscula agl@us Barrp. Florida Grackle. [511a.] 
Quiscalus agleus Batrp, Amer. Journ. Sci., ser. 2, XLI, Jan., 1866, 84. 
(Cape Florida, Florida.) 
Rance.— South Atlantic coast from South Carolina to Florida, and west in 
the southern part of the Gulf States to southeastern Texas. 
c. Quiscalus quiscula neus Ripacway. Bronzed Grackle. [511b.] 
Quiscalus wneus Ripaway, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1869, 134. (Mount 
Carmel, Illinois.) 
