ORDER PASSERES. 297 
Rance.— Northern North America. Breeds in the Hudsonian 
Zone and locally in the Canadian from northwestern Alaska, northern 
Mackenzie, and northern Ungava to the base of the Alaska Peninsula, 
central Saskatchewan, southern Ontario, and southern Quebec; win- 
ters southward to central California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, 
Kentucky, and Virginia. 
Lanius ludovicianus LINN.ZUS. 
Rance.— North America from southern British Columbia, Alberta, 
Manitoba, and New Brunswick south to the Gulf coast and southern 
Mexico. 
a. Lanius ludovicianus ludovicianus Linnmus. Loggerhead Shrike. [622.] 
Lanius ludovicianus Linn mus, Syst. Nat., ed. 12, I, 1766, 134. (Louisi- 
ana.) 
Rance.— Austroriparian Zone of the Atlantic and Gulf States from south- 
ern North Carolina to southern Florida and west to Louisiana. 
b. Lanius ludovicianus excubitorides Swainson. White-rumped Shrike. 
[622a.] 
Lanius excubitorides Swatnson, Fauna Bor.-Am., IT, 1831 (1832), 115, 
pl. 34. (Carlton House, Saskatchewan.) 
Rance.— Western North America. Breeds in Transition and Austral zones 
from central Alberta, southern Saskatchewan, and southern Manitoba south 
to southeastern California, Arizona, Texas, and northern Mexico to Tepic and 
Durango, and from the western border of the Great Basin eastward across 
the Plains; winters in southwestern United States and south to Isthmus of 
Tehuantepec. 
c. Lanius ludovicianus gambeli Rinaway. California Shrike. [622b.] 
Lanius ludovicianus gambeli Ripaway, Manual N. A. Birds, 1887, 467- 
(Calaveras Co., California.) 
Rance.— Pacifie coast. Breeds in the interior valleys of southern British 
Columbia, Washington, Oregon, California, and northern Lower California, 
west to the coast from Marin County southward; winters south to Cape San 
Lucas and in western Mexico to Morelos. 
d. Lanius ludovicianus anthonyi Mearns. Island Shrike. [622c.] 
Lanius ludovicianus anthonyi Mearns, Auk, XV, July, 1898, 261. (Santa 
Cruz Island, California.) 
Rance.— Santa Barbara Islands and San Clemente Island, California, and 
Santa Margarita Island, Lower California. 
