FOSSIL PLANTS. 425 



The fragments of the tiny branchlets are very abundant in a thin 

 band or layer, scarcely more than a half inch in thickness, made up of a 

 curious soft brown mass of vegetable matter, which never hardened into 

 coal or bituminous shale. It is often pulverulent, and burns slowly 

 without flame, retaining its fire like punk. I am inclined to think that 

 the layer was formed from the comminuted fragments of this plant. No 

 stems of Calamites, or of other allied forms, are found in this locality, ex- 

 cept the A. erectifolius (pi. 49, fig. 8), and the curious rootlets figured in 

 pi. 53, figs. 1 and 2. 



Locality same as last. 



ASTEROPHYLLITES ERECTIFOLIUS (sp, llOV.). 



Plate 49, fig. 3. 



Stem slender, striate, articulate: joints one and a half centimeters 

 long, and less. Leaves verticillate, very numerous, small, slender, pointed, 

 single-nerved, nearly one-third longer than the joints of stem, curving 

 upward and enveloping the stem. 



Locality the same as the last. 



Caediocarpon Newberryi (sp. nov.). 



Plate 46, fig. 2. 



Nucleus somewhat heart-shaped, pointed at the top, covered with a 

 thin epidermal coating, which, when removed, shows underneath the 

 smooth body of a nut or seed, with vertical strife toward the apex. 



The wings are large and wide, opening outward, with curved lines at 

 the apex of nucleus, and showing a division at the base as a place of 

 attachment of the nucleus to a stem. They are minutely striated, the 

 striae not curving upward, but taking a nearly horizontal direction from 

 the nucleal margin. 



The width of the whole, both nucleus and wings, is about four centi- 

 meters ; that of the nucleus about one and three-fourths of a centimeter. 

 The depth of the nucleus is nearly equal to its width. 



It is unlike any of the many forms figured by Dr. Newberry, who has 

 given special attention to this genus from the Lower Coal Measures of 

 northern Ohio, and after whom I have appropriately named this fine 

 species. It resembles in its wings C. Bayleyi, Dawson, fiom the Devon- 

 ian of New Brunswick, but the nucleus is wider and more acuminate in 

 the apex. 



