104 : 



i 



be extracted from the kernels, there should be obtained 8.()o pounds of oil I 



from each bushel of twenty-three pounds. This would give in liquid i 



measure 1.15 gallons, which at the price of $1 per gallon, would make j 



$1.15 for the oil extracted from one bushel of peanuts. Manufacturers use i 



this oil as a substitute for olive oil in fulling cloth. A large amount is I 



used in the manufacture of soap. It is not very desirable as a lighting j 



fluid, as it does not give as clear light as whale oil or petroleum. For the ' 



fattening of hogs peanuts are exceedingly valuable, and have proved very \ 



satisfactory on account of their large content of fatty matter. Hogs are 5 



very fond of them. i 



THE VINE AS A FORAGE CROP— The haulm or vine, when j 



carefully harvested, before it has been injured by frost, is an excellent i 



food for cattle and sheep. Horses are exceedingly fond of it, but the ; 



amount of dirt which necessarily adheres to it is apt to produce a disa- '. 

 greeable cough. The red peanut makes better hay than the white, because 



it grows erect, and is, therefore, freer from dirt. Usually about one ton i 



is saved per acre, though upon strong land, where the vines grow luxu- { 



riantly, two or more tons have been saved. Many practical farmers prefer j 



this hay to clover hay. Like clover hay it must be handled carefully, or | 



the leaves will fall off, leaving nothing but the stems, that are practically j 



worthless. It produces a copious flow of rich, creamy milk when fed 1 



to milch cows. Ewes in lambing time can have no better food given them ' 



than well-cured peanut hay, because it increases the flow of milk and j 

 enriches its quality. 



JAPAN CLOVER— BUSH CLOVER— KING GRASS— ( Lespedeza ■■ 



5/rm/rt)— (Grazing and Hay.) ; 

 There were numerous species of Lespedeza found in the South as far 



back as the time of the Spanish occupation of Louisiana. They were then ; 



observed and mentioned in Spanish records and regarded, at the time, as ; 



being good forage plants. The seeds of the Lespedeza striata were intro- I 



duced into South Carolina about 1849 from Japan or China or probably j 

 from both, doubtless coming over in tea chests. Its existence in Japan 



was mentioned as early as 1784, by a German chemist, who saw it growing • 



in that* country. A few years after its first appearance in South Carolina j 



it had spread as far as Macon. Ga. It appeared in Tennessee about 1870 ' 



and spread rapidly through many counties in the State, covering old j 



fields, rooting out broom sedge and other grasses, and showing such a '. 



vigor of growth and tenacity of life as to arrest the attention of every \ 



observant farmer. It will grow with great luxuriance on the poorest ' 



soils, and will resist the severest droughts. Soils that are totally unfit | 



for the growth of any other plant will produce Japan clover high enough < 



to make good pasturage. On more fertile lands it will grow to the height | 

 of two feet or more. It is an annual and should be sown in the State of 

 Tennessee during the month of March, but it is rarely necessary to sow 

 it at all as, when it once becomes established in any spot, it soon spreads 

 throughout the locality. It is an excellent plant for restoring fertility to 

 old fields and many of these in the state have been reclaimed through its 

 instrumentality. In many of the Southern States it is regarded as the 



