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stronger grower and is able to withstand the damaging effects of the 

 heavy oak leaves. Being sown thickly it covers the ground completely 

 and will not appear in a tussocky form for two or three years. My opin- 

 ion is that orchard grass in such situations is to be preferred to any other. 

 Lawns should be sown with about double the number of seed that is used 

 for a pasture. The object is to have the ground covered. The seed 

 should be sown without any '"nurse crop." 



In the preparation of lands for a lawn the greatest care must be 

 taken to have the soil enriched and raked until it is as fine as garden 

 mold. No clods or stumps or rocks should be left on the surface. After 

 the seed is sown the lawn should be rolled and as far as possible all the 

 little inequalities in the surface filled. Frequent mowing of lawns is the 

 only method of preserving their attractiveness and beauty. The grass 

 should never be permitted to seed. 



Bermuda grass makes a beautiful lawn, but is apt to turn brown the 

 latter part of the summer. Where there is a sufficient supply of water to 

 keep the ground moist by sprinkling it forms a beautiful covering for the 

 yards and lawns of the Southern States. 



The question in the South is not so much what will make the most 

 attractive lawns, but what grasses will best resist the heat of the long 

 summers. Any grass, however, will look better than the bare earth, and 

 every effort should be made to have the wooded lawns and the shady 

 yards covered with verdure. 



THE HIGHWAY PASTURES OF TENNESSEE AND THEIR 

 NUTRITIOUS HERBAGE. 



Probably no state in the Union, lying east of the Mississippi river, 

 has such a wealth of highway pastures as Tennessee. These pastures are 

 common in every division of the state. In East Tennessee the '"balds" of 

 the Unaka mountains, at an elevation of 5000 feet above the sea, are well 

 watered and are supplied with rich soils upon which several grasses and 

 leguminous plants grow luxuriantly and furnish good grazing for stock 

 several months in the year. The areas of these natural mountain pastures 

 are limited, but in their capacity for carrying stock they are not surpassed 

 by an equal area of the best blue grass pastures of Kentucky. The fre- 

 quent rains in the mountain district during the growing season with the 

 fertility of the black granitic prairie soils induce a rapid growth of the 

 wild grasses so that there is a continuous succession of nutritious her- 

 bage from April until October. During this period all kinds of stock- 

 horses, cattle, sheep and swine, feed on these grasses unvexed by the flies 

 that so often torment stock on valley plains. In many of the open woods 

 of East Tennessee lying at the base of the mountains are found growing 

 in spring and summer wild grasses and other plants of great value for 

 grazing purposes. 



But the most extensive highway pastures in the State are found on 

 the Cumberland table-land at an elevation of "2000 feet above the sea. 

 Broad, grassy stretches of open woods, and acclivities green with verdant 

 turf, characterize the top of this table-land everywhere except in those 

 places where the abundant underbrush has choked out the grass. In trav- 



