32 THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING; 
ALIBERTIA. Syn. Cordiera. Abouta score species 
of trees and shrubs, restricted to tropical America, are 
included in this genus. 
ALIBERTIA INTERMEDIA. A 
Agave Alibertii (which see). 
ALIBREXIA. A synonym of Dolia (which see). 
ALIPSA. A synonym of Liparis (which see). 
ALISANDERS. See Smyrnium. 
ALISMA NATANS. The correct name is Hlisma 
natans. 
ALKANNA (an Arabic name). Syns. Baphorhiza, 
Camptocarpus. ORD. Boragineer. A genus embracing 
nearly forty species of hispid or glutinous, mostly hardy, 
perennial herbs, natives of South Europe, North Africa, and 
Western Asia. Flowers yellow, blue, violet, or white, in 
simple racemes or cymes; calyx five-parted; corolla tube 
cylindrical, the five lobes imbricated. Leaves alternate. 
Roots often tinged with red. Only two species call for 
mention here. For culture, see Lithospermum. 
A. orientalis (Eastern). 1. yellow; corolla tube twice as long 
as the calyx. June. /., radical ones attenuated at base ; cauline 
ones very narrow, decurrent ; floral ones somewhat cordate-ovate 
at base. Stem ascending. Levant, 1813. Syn. Lithospermum 
orientale (B. M. 515). 
A. tinctoria (dyers’). The correct name of Anchusa tinctoria. 
Syn. Lithospermum tinctorium (A. B. R. 576). 
ALKEKENGI. See Physalis Alkekengi. 
ALLAGOPTERA. A synonym of Diplothemium 
(which see). 
ALLAMANDA. Syn. Orelia. A dozen species 
have been referred to this genus, but the rank of some of 
fhem is very uncertain; they inhabit South America, 
one extending as far as Central America. To those 
described on pp. 47-8, Vol. I., the following should be 
added : 
A. Blanchetii (Blanchet’s). A synonym of A. violacea. 
A. cathartica Hendersoni (Henderson's). #1. orange-yellow, 
with five. white spots at the throat, tinged brown outside, the 
lobes finely formed, immensely thick and wax-like. (R. G. 1887, 
Phe 560-1, f. 142.) Syns. A. Hendersoni (F. M. 1866, 263; I. H. 
65, 452), A. Wardleyana. 
A. e. Williamsii (Williams’s). This form differs from the others 
in being of erect habit. 1891. (J. H. 1891, xxiii., f. 14, and 
Gn. xl., t. 832, under name of A. Williamsit.) 
A. Hendersoni (Henderson’s). A variety of A. cathartica. 
A. magnifica (magnificent). A variety of A. Schottii. 
A. Schottii magnifica (magnificent). #1. clear yellow, with a 
ard orange-yellow throat, about Sin. in diameter, freely 
produced in clusters. 1888. 
A. violacea (violet). 7. zuay purple, large, axillary and in few- 
flowered, tomentose cymes. etober. 7. three to five in 
whorls, sessile, oblong or obovate-oblong, cuspidate-acuminate, 
puberulous above, tomentose beneath. Branches pubescent- 
tomentose. Brazil, 1889. Plant erect or climbing. (B. M. 7122.) 
Syn. A. Blanchetii. 
A. Wardleyana (Wardley’s). 
Hendersoni. 
A. Williamsii (Williams’s). A variety of A. cathartica. 
ALLANTODIA. Like the strong-growing Asple- 
niums, the Allantodia requires a substantial yet light soil, 
in which its fleshy roots delight to run: a mixture of 
equal parts fibrous peat, leaf mould, turfy loam, and silver 
sand, suits it best. The plant has a great objection to 
being potted hard, and to imperfect drainage. If there is 
stagnation of water about the roots the foliage soon 
becomes flabby and begins to show unmistakable signs 
of ill-health. The Allantodia is also averse to strong 
light, and to preserve the bright green colour peculiar 
to its fronds it is necessary to protect them from the 
strong rays of the sun. The waterings must be copious 
during the summer, and gradually lessened, until in winter 
the roots are kept only sufficiently moist to prevent the 
plant from shrivelling. The propagation of this species 
is effected exclusively from spores, which are produced in 
abundance and germinate freely. 
A. australis. A synonym of Aspleniwm umbrosum. 
synonym of 
A synonym of A. cathartica 
ALL-HEAL. $¢ce also Waleriana officinalis. 
ALLIONIA (named in compliment to C. Allioni, an 
Italian botanist). Syn. Wedelia (of Linneus). Orp. 
Nyctaginex. A monotypic genus. The species, A. involu- 
crata, is a prostrate, dichotomously branched, American 
annual, allied to Mirabilis. with small, purple flowers, and 
opposite, entire leaves. It has no particular horticultural 
value. 
ALLIONIA (of Loefler). A synonym of Oxybaphus 
(which see). 
ALLIUM. Including: Nectaroscordwm and Ophiosco- 
rodon. This genus embraces about 250 species, mostly 
inhabiting Europe, North Africa, Abyssinia, and extra- 
tropical Asia, but many are found in North America and 
Mexico. Our garden Leek (A. Porrwm) is a cultivated 
form of A. Ampelopraswm ; Chives, of A. Schenoprasum ; 
and Rocambole, of A. Scorodopraswm, all of which are 
British plants. 
A. neapolitanum, the well-known South European species, 
may be employed as a pot plant, and is useful for forcing. 
The bulbs should be potted up in autumn, using well-drained 
pots and a sandy soil. They should then ,be stood in a bed 
of ashes outside and covered with cocoa-fibre. When well- 
rooted, and top growth is evident, they should be trans- 
ferred to a cold frame, and shaded for a few days, after 
which they may be stood in the greenhouse. A. neapoli- 
tanum is one of the flowers which is sent into this country 
in vast quantities in early spring, and is commonly, but 
erroneously, called Star of Bethlehem. 
To the species described on pp. 48-9, Vol. L., the following 
should be added : 
A. Akaka (Akaka). Jl. rose-coloured, $in. long; umbel dense, 
many-flowered, convex. Spring. 7. usually in pairs, flat, ovate 
or ovate-oblong, Zin. to 14in. broad, obtuse or with a short 
point at apex. Stem*very short. Bulb ovate. North Persia, 
894. Allied to A. karataviense. 
A. album (white). A synonym of A. neapolitanum. 
A, Alexianum (Alexis’). .. whitish, striped with brownish- 
purple; umbel many-flowered, somewhat fastigiate, convex. 
1. two, three, or more, elliptic-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, lin. to 
2in. broad, the inner ones often narrower, glabrous. Bulb sub- 
globose. Turkestan, 1889. 
A. amblyophyllum (obtuse-leaved). . lilac; perianth seg- 
ments lanceolate, acute; umbel about 14in. in diameter, globose. 
Summer, J. five or six, broad, linear, obtuse, flat, spaced along 
the stem. Bulb small. Turkestan, 1885. A rather distinct 
species, of dwarf habit. (R. G. 1190.) 
A. anceps (two-edged). . purple or greenish-white, 4in. long ; 
umbel very many-flowered, fastigiate. May. /. broadly linear, 
attenuated at both ends, faleate or more or less curved. Stems 
erect, ancipitous, shorter than the leaves. Bulb ovate. North- 
west America, 1875. (B. M. 6227.) 
A. Backhousianum (Backhouse’s). /. white, in a dense, globose 
head; perianth segments narrow-linear and totally reflexed ; 
stamens united into a cup at the base._ 1. radical, bluish-white. 
h. 3ft. to 4ft. Himalayas, 1885. A tall species, resembling 
A, giganteum, (R. G. 1885, 215.) 
A. cabulicum (Kabul). fl. whitish, with’ keels of reddish- 
brown; umbel dense, globose, many-flowered, about 2in. in 
diameter. J. single, lorate-oblong, glabrous, éin. to Sin. lon, ; 
2in. broad, gradually narrowed to the -clasping base. Kabul, 
1893. (B.“M. 7294.) 
A. ciliatum (ciliated). A synonym of A. subhirsutum. 
A. cyaneum (blue). jl. very numerous, in a hemispherical or 
sub-globose umbel; perianth blue, campanulate. /. narrow- 
linear or filiform, channelled above. Stems erect or slightly 
nodding at apex, 6in. to 12in. high. Bulbs tufted, elongated. 
Kansu, China, 1890. (R. G. 1316.) 
A. ¢. brachystemon (short-stamened). 
A. kansuense. 
A. elatum (tall). #. purple, numerous, disposed in a large, 
globose head; perianth segments spreading, oblong, obtuse ; 
scape stout, 3ft. or more high. J. oblong, obtuse, Sin. to 12in. 
long, 2in. to 4in. broad. Central Asia, 1887. (R. G. 1251.) 
A. Fetisowi (Fetisow’s). jl. of a rosy-lilac; umbel many- 
flowered, at first hemispherical, at Iength sub-globose. J. oblong- 
or linear-lanceolate, flat, 10in. to l6in. long. Stems erect, 2ft. 
high, terete, smooth, with one or two leaves at the base. 
Turkestan, 1879. 
A. fragrans (fragrant). A synonym of Nothoscordum fragrans. 
A. ganteum (gigantic). jl. numerous, forming a dense 
globose umbel 4in. in diameter; perianth bright lilae, tin. 
long, the segments widely spreading ; peduncle erect, Sft. to 4ft. 
A synonym of 
