6 THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Acanthophenix—continued. 
sometimes scarcely longer than grains of wheat. Leaves 
terminal, equally pinnatisect, armed with more or less 
elongated spines. To the species described on p. 8, 
Vol. I., the following should be added : 
A. grandis (large). This is described as ‘‘a handsome Palm, 
with finely-cut leaves and deep brown spines, native of Brazil” 
(in I. H. 1895, p. 185). According to the ‘‘Kew Bulletin,” 
1896, App. IL, it is “‘also called Calamus grandis, and stated 
to be a native of Borneo” (I. H. 1895, p. 223). The genus is, 
however, according to Bentham and Hooker, as well as J. G. 
Baker, confined to the Mascarene Islands, as above stated. 
A. Herbstii (Herbst’s). A synonym of A. erinita. 
A. rubra (red). fl. reddish-brown; spadix 24ft. to 34ft. long; 
ee 6in. to 10in. long, armed with straight spines ; spathes 
Aft. to 24ft. long. 1. 6ft. to 12ft. long; leaflets slightly glaucous 
beneath ; petioles glabrous, 2in. to 4in. long; sheaths 24ft. to 
44ft. long, thickly covered with brownish-black spines. h. 60ft. 
Syn. Calamus Verschaffeltii (of gardens), 
ACANTHOSTACHYS [not Acanthostachywm). 
According to J. G. Baker, this genus embraces a couple of 
species, natives of Brazil. Sepals lanceolate-deltoid, acute, 
free to the top of the ovary; petals lingulate, scaled at 
base, rather longer than the calyx ; stamens shorter than the 
petals. A. strobilacea is the only species known in gardens. 
ACANTHOSTIGMA PARASITICUM. See 
Silver Leaf Disease. 
ACANTHUS. Including Dilivaria. About fourteen 
species, inhabiting tropical and sub-tropical regions, are 
included in this genus. To those described on pp. 8-9, 
Vol. I., the following should be added: 
A. Caroli-Alexandri (Charles Alexander's). jl. white, often 
suffused rose-colour, in a dense spike. Summer. J/. few, radical, 
in a lax rosette, lanceolate, pinnatitid, spiny-toothed, loin. long, 
3in. to 4in. broad. Stem Yin, to 18in. high, with two to four 
similar leaves. Greece, 1887. (R. G. 1886, pp. 626-635, f. 73-75.) 
ACARIDA. See Ticks. 
ACCLIMATISATION. Popularly this is the inuring 
of plants, &c., to a climate different from that of which they 
are native, which is, however, fallacious. No tender plant 
has yet by any process, gradual or otherwise, been 
rendered hardy. Those who put forth the theory adduce 
as a case in point the common Larch. That this tree 
and many others were originally grown in this country as 
greenhouse subjects there cannot be any doubt; but this 
was due to a lack of knowledge. 
With plants that reproduce themselves by seed, it is 
possible, by annually selecting the hardiest and most 
vigorous individuals, and using these again as seed- 
parents, to produce a hardier race. And conversely it is 
possible, by choosing as seed-parents individuals which 
stand the heat best, to develop, after a few generations, 
tropical races of cool-country vegetables and flowers: such 
selection is constantly going on in India, &c., amongst 
vegetables raised, in the first place, from English seeds. 
ACCRESCENT. Increasing in size after flowering. 
ACER. The species of this genus number upwards 
of fifty, and are found in Burope, North America, North 
Asia, Java, and the Himalayas. Flowers racemose or 
corymbose, axillary and terminal, generally polygamo- 
dicecious. Leaves opposite, usually palmately or sub- 
pedately three- to seven-lobed or parted, rarely entire. 
To the species and varieties described on pp. 9-11. Vol. L., 
the following should be added. WNegundo (which see) 
is now included hereunder. 
A. argutum (sharp). 7. palmately lobed, borne on long petioles. 
Japan. A very elegant species, of medium height; it is as yet 
very uncommon in English establishments. 
A. campestre postelense (Postel). A yellow-leaved form. 1896. 
A. caucasicum (Caucasian). A synonym of A. hyrcanwm. 
A. cissifolium (Cissus-leaved). The correct name of Negundo 
cisstfolium. 
A. coccineum (scarlet). A synonym of A. rubrum. 
A. colchicum (Colchican). A synonym of A. pictwm rubrum. 
A. c. tricolor (three-coloured). A synonym of 4, pictum tricolor, 
A. cratzgifolium (Hawthorn-leaved). 7. small, deep green, 
closely resembling those of Hawthorn. Japan. A slender tree. 
Acer —continued. 
The form Veitchi is very attractive, having variegated leaves 
it is very uncommon and quite hardy, 
A. dasycarpum pulverulentum (powdered). In this form 
the leaves are spotted with white and the tips of the young 
shoots tinted red, 1889, 
A. diabolicum (diabolical). jl. greenish-yellow, large, disposed 
in numerous short racemes. Spring. large, Plane-like. 
Branches stout. Japan. A free-growing tree. SyN. A. pulchrum. 
A. Duretti aureo-marginatum (Durett's gold-margined). /. 
margined and dotted yellow. 1896. 
A. Ginnala. There are several forms of this variety of A. 
tataricum, including angustilobum (leaves narrow-lobed) and 
pulverulentum (powdery). 
A. Heldreichii (Heldreich’s), jl. in small, terminal panicles, 
which are shorter than the leaves. /. small, palmately five-lobed ; 
lobes obtusely dentate, acute, the middle one cuneately tapering 
to its base. Greece. (G. C. 1861, xv., p. 141; R. G. 1185.) 
A. hyrcanum (Hyrcanian). 7. in sub-sessile, nodding corymbs. 7. 
sub-orbicular, cordately five-cleft, rich green, Baatiedh with yellow, 
later brownish-tomentose on the under-side, very pleasing in 
autumn when turning to a reddish-brown; lobes obovate, in- 
cised or toothed, Caucasus. A compact species, of rather slow 
growth. SYN. A. caucasicum. 
A. insigne (remarkable).* . green, 4in. in diameter; panicles 
ganas: terminal, din. to 4in. long, appearing with the leaves. 
lay. J. Sin. to 6in. in diameter, rounded-reniform, palmately 
divided to the middle into five to seven oblong, acute, coarsely 
and obtusely serrated lobes, glabrous above, more or less 
fomgpioe beneath. Persia. The latest of all the Maples to 
come into leaf. (B. M. 6697.) Syn. A. velutinum. 
A. integrum (entire). A synonym of 4. palmatum linearilobum, 
A. Juhlkei tah eae (Juhlke’s variegated). 7. when young 
having about half their area creamy-coloured, but the variegation 
very irregular. 1898, 
A, leetum (pleasing). This species is closely related to A. Lobelii, 
but is principally distinguished in having leaves more cordate at 
the base, more delicate, more glaucous, and with the lobes more 
pointed, Orient. 
A. marmoratum (marbled). A variety of A. pictwm. 
A. Miyabei (Miyabe’s). A fine, ornamental species, nearly re- 
lated to the Norway Maple, A. platanoides. Japan, 1894. (G. 
and F., 1893, 143.) 
A. neapolitanum (Neapolitan). A variety of A. opulifoliwm. 
A. Negundo. The correct name of Negundo fraxinifolium. 
A. N. elegans (elegant). J. pale green, irregularly bordered 
and splashed with yellow, changing to creamy-white with age. 
A fine, decorative, free-growing tree. 
A. N._ foliis-marginatis-aureis (leaves golden-margined). 
1. bordered with golden-yellow. 1889. This variety is as constant 
as the silver-variegated form, and of more vigorous growth. 
A. N. Guichardi (Guichard’s). J. all yellow, resembling those 
of the golden Elder. 1889. A fairly vigorous form. 
Among other new varieties of this popular species may be 
mentioned the following: boreale (said to have been introduced 
from Canada, and to ripen seeds in the colder parts of Europe 
where the typital plant would be killed by frost); densiforwm 
(dense - flowered);  falcatum (sickle-shaped); Koehneanwm 
(Koehne’s); odessanum (leaves of a deeper golden, and retaining 
that colour longer, than in the type) ; pendulum (a weeping form) ; 
rectangulum (right-angled). 
A. nigrum (black). A form of A. saccharinum. 
A. nikoense (Niko). The correct name of Negundo nikoense. 
A. opulifolium neapolitanum (Neapolitan). This nearly 
resembles the variety obtusatum, but differs by its undulated 
leaves with more pointed lobes and by the larger fruits with 
longer, spreading wings. @ 
A. ornatum (ornate). A form of A. palmatum. 
A. palmatum Aokii (Aoki’s). 7. creamy-white and pink, finely 
divided. 1892. (R. G. 1363.) : 
A. p.aureum (golden). A handsome form, with rich yellow foliage. 
A. P- dissectum roseo-pictum (rose-painted). A garden 
sub-variety. 1887. 
A. p. linearilobum (linear-lobed).* 2. aeep olive-green, much 
divided, the lobes almost linear. 1896, A handsome Japanese 
Maple. See Fig. 6. Syn. A. integrwm. 
A. p. ornatum (ornate). J. digitate, borne on slender petioles, 
their divisions attenuated and deeply cut, with long, slender, 
toothed segments. Branches numerous, feathery. Japan, 1867. 
A beautiful, slender tree. (R. H. 1867, p. 391.) 
A. p. septemlobum elegans (elegant). /. changing from pale 
green through pink and crimson to dull red, beautifully lobed. The 
form laciniatum has soft green leaves touched with rose-eolour. 
A. pictum marmoratum (marbled). 7. palmate, acutely lobed, 
marbled with yellowish-green on a deeper green ground, freely 
produced on the new growth. Habit bushy. 1894. 
A. p. tricolor (three-coloured). J. young ones of a bright 
violaceous-red, irregularly shading off here and there into all 
tints of dark red or crimson to creamy-white. 1880. Garden 
variety. SYN. A. colchicum tricolor, 
