58 THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Anthurium—continued. 
gradually tapering to the acute apex. 1887. A robust, compact 
plant. (I. HM. ser. v, 16.) 
A.S. roseum (rosy). /., spathe of a salmon-rose colour. 1893, 
A.S. Rothschildianum. The name elegans has been applied to 
what is apparently a strong-growing form ; maximum is another 
sub-variety. 1896. 
A. S. rotundiflorum sanguineum (round-flowered, blood- 
coloured). /jl., spathe deep blood-red, 1894. 
A. S. sanguineum (blood-coloured). #., spathe dark-crimson- 
1893. 
A. S. Senateur Montefiore Levis. jl., spathe French 
white, long and round, profusely dotted with intense scarlet, 
the dots in clusters around the margins and down the 
centre. 1898 
A. S. Vervaeneum (Vervaene’s). A handsome, white-spathed 
variety. 1884. (R. H. 1884, p. 204.) 
A. S. Wardii (Ward’s). /l., spathe of the most brilliant scarlet» 
6in. long, 4in. broad. A magnificent variety. 
A. S. Waroqueanum (arog). jl., spathe white, dotted 
with red; spadix yellow. 1888. This does not appear to 
differ from the variety Rothschildianum. (I. H. xxxv., t. 51.) 
A. S. Woodbridgei Wepiniaee jl., spathe of the most 
intense crimson-scarlet, broad, nearly 6in. long. J. dark green, 
spreading. 1882. One of the finest forms, 
A. subulatum (awl-like). ., spathe white, spreading, oblong, 
ending in a long, subulate point; spadix purplish-red, stout ; 
peduncle Yin, to 12in. long. J. dark green, elongated, cordate- 
ovate, ee at apex. Caudex short. Colombia, 
1886. A distinct and rather ornamental species. 
A. trifidum (thrice-cleft). ., spadix shortly stipitate, slender, 
terete; spathe reddish, reflexed, oblong-lanceolate; peduncle 
erect, red or reddish-brown, shorter than the petioles. 7. 10in. 
to 15in. long, broadly and deeply trifid; lateral lobes obliquely 
oblong-ovate, obtuse, somewhat falciform, shorter than the 
median lobe; petioles elongated. Origin uncertain. 1876. 
(B. M. 6339.) 
A. Veitchii acuminatum (acuminate-leaved). A variety having 
ovate-lanceolate, acuminate leaves. Colombia, 1885. 
A. Wambekeanum (Wambeke’s). A garden hybrid between 
A, Lindeni and A. Andreanum. 1895. 
A. Wittmackii (Wittmack’s).* ., spathe of a lovely deep rose- 
colour, 24in. long; spadix purplish, almost cylindrical. 1889. 
A garden hybrid between A, Andreanum and A. Lindenianum, 
(R. G. 1293.) 
Other hybrids, &c., are: Adriani, Crombezianum, Hanburyanum, 
Laingi, londinense, Palmeri, Ricasolianum, roseflorwm, roseum, 
Torrigianum, Valvassorii. 
ANTHYLLIS. About a score species are included in 
this genus ; they are found in Europe, Western Asia, and 
North Africa, A. Vulneraria being the British repre- 
sentative. 
A. cretica (Cretan). A synonym of Zb nus cretica. 
A. Erinacea (Erinacea). The correct name is Erinacea pungens. 
ANTIDESMEZ. Included under Euphorbiacee 
(which see). 
ANTIGONON. The three or four species, natives of 
Mexico and Central America, are very difficult to dis- 
tinguish as such. To those described on p. 88, Vol. I., the 
following variety should be added: 
A. leptopus albiflora (white-flowered). 
from the type in having white flowers. 1888. 
ANTIRRHINEZ. A tribe of Scrophularines 
(which see). 
ANTIRRHINUM. Including Asarina. About 
twenty-five species of annual or (mostly) perennial herbs, 
rarely sub-shrubby, sometimes twining, are included in 
this genus ; they are broadly dispersed over the Northern 
hemisphere, A. majus and A. Orontiwm (Lesser Snapdragon) 
being British plants; the former, however, is not a true 
native, but an escape from cultivation. To those de- 
scribed on pp. 88-9, Vol. I., the following should be added : 
A, glutinosum (glutinous).* jl. very pale yellowish-white, rather 
large, axillary, erect, the lip slightly striped with red. July. J. 
alternate, shortly petiolate, elliptic-oblong or elliptic-ovate, obtuse 
at both ends. Branches yery fragile. Spain, 1892. A prostrate, 
glandular-pilose, half-hardy perennial. (B. M. 7285.) 
A. Nuttallianum (Nuttall’s), 1. purple, axillary, pedicellate, 
the tube of the corolla not longer than the spreading lips. 7. 
ovate or sub-cordate, nearly all distinctly petiolate, the lower 
ones about lin. long, the upper ones smaller. h. lft. to 2ft. 
California, 1888. Haif-hardy annual. (R. .G. 1888, t. 1275, f. 3.) 
This variety differs 
ANTIRRHGA [also spelt Antirhea] (from anti, 
against, and rheein, to flow; in allusion to the use of the 
plant as a styptic). Orp. Rubiacew. A genus embracing 
about a score species of stove, highly glabrous trees and 
shrubs, natives of the West Indies, Mauritius, China, and 
tropical Australia. Stenostomum is included hereunder 
by Bentham and Hooker, and the only members of the 
genus that have been introduced to gardens will be found 
described under that heading. 
ANTISPILA PFEIFFERELLA. See 
Moths. 
ANTITHESIA PRUNIANA. 
sects. 
ANTLER MOTH, or GRASS MOTH (Charzas 
graminis). This is a most unwelcome visitor to grass, as 
the caterpillars do immense damage when they assert them- 
selves, as they frequently do, in large numbers. On the 
Continent they are regarded as amongst the worst Grass 
pests which have to be encountered; while now and again 
here they are unusually numerous. Belonging to the 
Noctwide, the Moths are rarely seen. The ravages, how- 
ever, of the larve are readily traced. 
The Moth itself is on the wing in early autumn. It is 
about 1}in. in the wing-expanse, and has brownish or reddish 
fore-wings, with markings which have been somewhat fanci- 
fully likened unto the branches of antlers. The hind-wings 
are small, greyish, and fringed with a paler colour. 
Pairing takes place soon after emergence, and, according 
to some authorities, the female deposits eggs to the 
number of 300. The larvz are hatched out in the following 
spring, and soon make good use of their opportunities 
They live at the roots of their food-plants (thus being 
safe from insecticides), and preferably select the soft kinds 
of Grass. They are brownish, with some lighter stripes 
along the back, while there is also a light-coloured line 
in the spiracular region; they are much wrinkled. When 
the larve are full-fed, they pupate in the earth in an 
ingeniously constructed oval cocoon. The pup» are 
blackish-brown and shining. 
Remedies. With larvae feeding as these do, it is prac- 
tically impossible to suggest remedial measures. On the 
Continent firing the herbage has been found effectual. 
During autumn, too, the sweep-net may be utilised with 
advantage in the evening, and the perfect insects destroyed. 
Insectivorous birds, like crows and starlings, also devour 
large numbers, and should be encouraged. The caterpillars, 
although generally attacking Grass, occasionally turn their 
attention to Corn. 
ANTONIANA. A synonym of Faramea (which 
see). 
ANTROPHYUM. This genus includes Scoliosorus. 
When planted out in the warm fernery, Antrophyums make 
very distinct objects, and are especially valuable for growing 
in comparatively dark places. All are slow growers; 
but their fronds possess very lasting qualities. Pro- 
pagation may be effected by means of the spores, which 
are produced in abundance; but this being a very slow 
process, Antrophyums are usually increased by division 
of their crowns in March or April. To the species 
described on p. 89, Vol. I., the following should be added : 
A. Lessonii (Lesson’s). A synonym of A, Plantaginewm. 
A. plantagineum (Plantain-like). sti. lin. to 4in. long. 
fronds 6in. to Yin. long, 14in. to 2in. broad, thick, coriaceous, 
sharply pointed, narrowed below; areola sometimes 3in. long, 
Vine 
See Plum In- 
din. broad. sort copious, deeply immersed, often uniting. 
India, &c. See Fig. 51. Syn. A. Lessonii. 
ANTRORSE. Tending in an upward or forward 
direction. 
ANTS. In Vol. I. some little space is devoted to 
a consideration of the life-history of these industrious 
insects. The labour of keeping them down will, however, 
be somewhat minimised if a still more extensive glance at 
their communities be taken. Reference has already been 
