86 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
ARTANEMA. Syns. Archimenes (of Vahl), Diceros. 
This genus embraces three species (closely related), natives 
of tropical Asia and Australia. A. fimbriatum is the only 
one introduced. 
ARTEMISIA. Including Absinthium. This genus 
embraces about 150 distinct species (about 200 have been 
described as such), mostly natives of the Northern 
hemisphere, but a few are found in South America and the 
Sandwich Islands. Four are indigenous in Britain. To 
those described on p. 115, Vol. I., the following should be 
added : 
A. Absinthium (Absinthium). Common Wormwood. Jl.-heads 
dingy yellow, rather large, hemispherical, drooping ; ray florets 
very short; panicles erect, leafy. August. J. bipinnatifid, 
clothed with short, silky down; segments lanceolate. h. lft 
to 14ft. Europe (Britain). See Wormwood. 
A. tridentata (three-toothed). fl.-heads densely paniculate ; 
outer bracts short, tomentose-canescent. J. cuneate, obtusely 
three-toothed or three-lobed, silvery, persistent. A. lft. to 12ft. 
North America, 1894. A thick-growing bush. 
“ARTHROCHILUS. A synonym of Drakea (which 
see). 
ARTHROPTERIS TENELLA. A synonym of 
Polypodium tenellum (which see). 
ARTHROSOLEN (from arthron, a joint, and solen, 
a tube). Orv. Thymelwaceer. A genus comprising ten 
species of greenhouse shrubs, with the habit of Wik- 
stremia or Gnidia, natives of South Africa, one ex- 
tending into the tropics. Flowers hermaphrodite, disposed 
in spikes or heads; stamens eight, rarely ten. Leaves 
sparse, flat. A. lawus and A. spicatus (L. B. ©. 755 
and 311, under names of Passerina laza and P. spicata) 
have been introduced, but are probably lost to culti- 
vation. 
ARTHROSTEMMA. Syn. Heteronoma. Six species, 
natives of Mexico, Venezuela, Peru, Colombia, and the 
West Indies, form this genus. See also Brachyotum. 
ARTHROZAMIA. A synonym of Encephalartos 
(which see). 
ARTICHOKE, JERUSALEM. Varieties: Until 
recently only the old well-known Jerusalem Artichoke was 
grown; this will probably be superseded by a variety 
named the New White. ‘This sort is as prolific as the 
old one, the tubers are of better form and paler in 
colour, and are also considered by many to be of better - 
flavour. 
ARTOCARPUS. Syn. Sitodiwm. This genus 
includes about forty species. natives of tropical Asia. 
Flowers small, very numerous, in globose or oblong, 
crowded heads; peduncles axillary, solitary. Leaves 
alternate, ample, penniveined, entire or pinnately few- 
lobed. 
A. Cannoni. The correct name is Ficus Cannoni. 
A, jpteerifolia is known as the Jaca or Jack-tree. (B. M. 
ARUBA. A synonym of Almeida (which see). 
ARUM. As at present arranged this genus includes 
about two dozen syecies, natives of Europe, the Mediter- 
ranean region, and Western Asia as far as Afghanistan. 
To those described on p. 118, Vol. I., the following should 
be added. A number of species formerly classed under 
this genus are now referred to Amorphophallus, 
Arisema, Arisarum, Biarum, Caladium, Heli- 
codiceros, Sauromatum, Synantherias, Typho- 
nium, Xanthosoma, c. 
A. corsicum (Corsican). A synonym of A. pictuwm. 
A. detruncatum (abruptly cut). /., spathe greenish-yellow, 
spotted with purple, the blade lanceolate, acuminate, three 
times as long as the tube; peduncle much shorter than the 
petioles. 
zontally truncate. Asia Minor, 1889. 
v. hastate, the posterior lobe sometimes almost hori- . 
Arum—continued. 
A. Dioscoridis (Dioscorides’).* //., spathe varying in colour, the 
tube oblong, the blade oblong-lanceolate. hastate or 
sagittate, the oblong- or ovate-triangular anterior lobe some- 
times twice as long as the posterior one; petioles twice or thrice 
as long as the leaves. h. 1ft. Levant. 
A. D. Smithii (Smith's). The correct name of A. spectabile 
(R. G. 1872, t. 742). e 
A. D. spectabile (remarkable). (/., “spathe reddish-purple» 
pees into green above with spots, 20in. long; peduncle Sft- 
igh. 7. much undulated.” (Kew Bulletin, 1898, App IL.) 
A. Dracunculus. The correct name is Dracunculus vulaaris. 
A. D. syriacum (Syrian). /l., spathe dark purple below, pale 
purple in the middle, spotted with dark purple, greenish above ; 
spadix appendage cylindrical. Syria, 1859. Syn. A. Liepoldit. 
A. elongatum (lengthened). A form of A. orientale. 
A. gratum (pleasing). A form of A. orientale. 
A. hygrophilum (moisture-loving). jl., spathe tube purple or 
whitish at base, ovoid, the limb pale green, margined with 
purple, more or less acuminate, about 24in. long ; spadix append- 
age purple, 2in. long; peduncle 8in. to 12in. long. 7. elongated- 
sagittate-hastate; petioles nearly three times as long as the 
blade. Syria, &c., 1860. 
A. italicum. SYN. A. numidicum. 
in 1894, is known as A. modicense. 
A. Liepoldii (Liepold’s). A synonym of 4A. 
syriacum, 
A. Magdalenz (Magdalen’s). This is very closely allied to 
A. palestinum, but has a_yellow spathe, marbled and spotted 
with purple. Palestine, 1894. ; 
A. modicense (Modica). <A form of A. italicum. 
A. numidicum (Numidian). A synonym of A. italicwm. 
A. orientale. The following varieties may be mentioned: 
A. o. elongatum (lengthened). /., spathe purplish outside, 
margined with purple on the inside, long-acuminate. Caucasus, 
1882. 
A. o. gratum (pleasing). /., limb of the spathe of a pleasin 
greenish-yellow, with purple markings. Lebanon, &e., 1859. 
A. o. Petteri (Petter’s). /., spathe oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 
pale greenish-yellow with a broad purple margin, or wholly 
purple. Dalmatia, 1860. 
A. Petteri (Petter’s). A form of A. orientale. 
A. philistzeum (Philistian). ‘ /l., spathe tube whitish within, 
the blade saturated with purple and spotted, four times as long 
as the tube; spadix much shorter than the spathe; peduncle 
6in. to 8in. long. 7. hastate-sagittate, 6in. to Sin. long, with 
very prominent nerves; petioles 10in. to 12in. long. Palestine, 
1859. . 
A vigorous form, introduced 
Dracunculus 
ta 
> 
A. proboscideum. The correct name is Arisema proboscideum. 
A. sanctum (sacred). 7l., spathe of a velvety blackish-purple, 
large; spadix black ; peduncle long. /. large, cordate-triangular. 
Tuber large and flat. Palestine, 1889. z 
A. spirale. The correct name is Cryptocoryne spiralis. 
ARUNCUS. See Spirea Aruncus. 
ARUNDINA (a diminutive of Arundo; in allusion to 
the Reed-like stems). Orp. Orchidee. A small genus 
(about five species) of erect, terrestrial, leafy Orchids, 
natives of the East Indies, South China, and the Malayan 
Archipelago. Flowers rather large, in terminal, loose, 
simple or rarely divided racemes; sepals sub-equal, free, 
spreading; petals similar or broader; lip erect at the base 
of the rather long, erect column, which ‘is surrounded by 
the lateral lobes. Leaves flat, narrow or rather broad, 
sessile, with articulated sheaths. Stems erect, Reed-like, 
invested with the leaf-sheaths. Psendo-bulbs wanting. 
The species mtroduced should be grown in a cool part of 
the East Indian house. Rough, fibrous peat and loam form ~ 
the best compost, as the plants are devoid of psendo-bulbs, 
and require richer soil than many other Orchids. Copious 
supplies of water and plenty of light, but shading in hot 
sunshine, are essential to success in the culture of Arun- 
dinas. Propagation may be affected by divisions, or by 
potting the young plants that are produced on the stems. 
Though some six species of this genus are known, only 
one, A. bambusexfolia, is at present in cultivation. This 
requires a light position in the Dendrobium-house, where 
only the bright rays of the sun are broken sufficiently to 
prevent scorching. During the growing season abundance 
of moisture, both at the roots and in the atmosphere, is 
required, with cooler conditions during the resting period. 
