114 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
AUSTRALIAN FEATHER PALM. See Pty- 
chosperma. 
AUSTRALIAN HAREBELL. See 
bergia gracilis. 
AUSTRALIAN MINT BUSH. 
thera. 
AUSTRALIAN PEPPER-TREE. See Schinus 
molle. 
AUSTRALIAN RED BERRY or SEA BERRY. 
See Ragodia. 
AUSTRIAN ROSE. See Rosa lutea. 
AUTUMN TINTS. With landscape gardeners in 
particular, there has been a growing disposition evinced to 
include in their trees and shrubs a due proportion of 
such as “take on” Autumn Tints. They make most 
effective colour-pictures at a very sombre time of 
the year, and the foliage alike on the trees and shrubs 
and when cut is extremely decorative. The idea is 
worthy of extension, and all gardens large enough to 
give place to hardy shrubs and trees should contain 
some of those remarkable for the effect of their foliage in 
autumn. 
The uses to which Autumn-Tinted foliage may be put 
are numerous. It forms a good setting for cut-flowers for 
various purposes. Sprays of Thorns with fruit, or sprigs 
of the popular Guelder Rose crowned with its glowing 
berries, are strikingly beautiful for placing in vases for 
table-decoration; while for harvest festivals, and for 
indoor decorative purposes, Autumn-Tinted foliage is well 
adapted. 
The various forms of Acer palmatum, or A. poly- 
morphum, as it is frequently called, exhibit an almost end- 
less variety of leaf-colour. A fine colour-picture could be 
obtained by planting them in groups on sloping mounds— 
preferably facing south or west, due regard being paid to 
habit of plant, form and colour of leaf—with a suitable 
background of green-leaved subjects. The result would be 
a perfect panorama of colour in October which would baffle 
even the skilled artist to reproduce. The stately 
Beeches and noble Elms are picturesque, and in 
spring, when the first-named are mantling themselves with 
leaves of the tenderest green, or in autumn, when the 
colour changes to shades of russet brown and yellow, few 
trees are more pleasing to the eye. The Amelanchiers 
Virginian Creepers, Rhus Cotinus, Nyssa sylvatica, and 
Parrotia persica, are, when arrayed in their autumn 
colours, unequalled, much less surpassed, by the showiest 
foliage plant of our stoves. 
The most highly-coloured tints are given by deciduous 
subjects, and although we do not, as a rule, look to 
evergreens with a great degree of expectation, still, some of 
them assume pleasing shades from October onwards; in 
fact, not a few reveal considerable beauty during the winter 
months. 
A few of the subjects falling under the designation 
above adopted rank amongst the showiest of flowering and 
ornamental foliage shrubs and trees—EHucryphia pinnati- 
folia, for instance, with lovely pure white flowers and 
golden-yellow anthers, can scarcely be known too well, as 
it blossoms towards the latter’ part of July and August, 
when the majority of shrubs have given of their best. Its 
glossy green leaves, composed of several leaflets, are 
heavily tinged with orange and brown in October. 
The Thorns (Cratexgus), again, in autumn, and particu- 
larly those of the North American representatives, are 
charming pictures in red, crimson, yellow, and gold. 
C. Crus-galli is an exceedingly beautiful tree, whose 
leaves, after assuming various shades of bronze-green, 
irregularly margined with red, eventually die off a rich 
crimson. The variety prunifolia is equally remarkable and 
quite distinct by reason of its purplish-brown, claret, and 
orange-shadings. C. splendens, C. arbutifolia, and C. ovali- 
folia belong to the same group, and are characterised by 
Wahlen- 
See Prostan- 
* shades of yellow, chocolate, and crimson. 
Autumn Tints —continued. 
the crimson and scarlet hues of the decaying foliage. 
C. pinnatifida, from Northern China, is conspicuous for 
its peculiarly bronze-tinted leaves set on red petioles. 
C. coccinea is a charming tree in the landscape in autumn ; its 
leaves, blotched with purple, hang on the trees until late in 
the season. OC. monogyna ramulis-awreis, whose leaves are 
clear yellow in spring and summer, and heavily tinted with 
orange in September; also CO. tomentosa and C. mollis, are 
all desirable. 
Liriodendron tulipifera (Tulip-tree) has leaves which are 
distinct from those of all other trees; they are four-lobed 
and of a pleasing shade of green, which in autumn changes to 
yellow and orange. The North American Witch Hazel 
(Hamamelis virginica) is of value in the garden in early 
winter, when its decaying foliage is suffused with yellow, 
The genus Ribes contributes its quota of glowing colours. 
R. auvreum (Buffalo Currant), which makes such a pretty 
picture in spring, when its drooping, slender racemes of 
yellow flowers are displayed so abundantly, is equally 
beautiful in October, when its smooth, green, much-cut 
leaves change to shades of rose-pink. The variety 
aurantiacum is even showier than the type, the bright- 
tinted foliage being very striking. R. prostratum is from 
a colour point of view worthy of a place in the rock garden. 
Its large leaves, of various shades of green, are tinted and 
edged with red, and before they fall are almost wholly 
crimson. Flowering Currants should be planted in masses. 
Kélreuteria paniculata is very attractive towards the close 
of September, when the deep green foliage assumes 
brownish-orange and crimson tints. Owydendron arborewm 
(Sorrel-tree) has lovely crimson leaves in autumn. 
Enkianthus campanulatus is very showy in October, 
as its reddish-orange leaves are quite distinct; while 
if grown in a clear atmosphere its winter effect is very fine, 
as its bark is highly coloured. Some of the Spindle-trees 
(Euonymuses) stand out in bold relief in autumn time. 
The beauty of H. ewropeus as a berry-bearing shrub is 
known far and wide, as its orange-coloured berries and 
bright crimson capsules are very pleasing ; but no less so are 
the orange and brown tints of its autumn foliage. The 
variety alropurpureus is deep purple in spring and summer, 
and heavily shaded with orange in autumn. JL. obovatus, 
allied to H. americanus, is also noteworthy; the leaves 
die off shades of reddish-purple and yellow. The square- 
stemmed #. alatus is rich in its autumnal colouring. In 
autumn the Amelanchiers are aglow with rich and subtle 
Perhaps the 
most useful and ornamental is A. canadensis. The variety 
oblongifolia, however, is conspicuous for its claret-coloured 
leaves, and forms a striking contrast to the type. 
Pyrus arbutifolia is not only desirable for its gorgeous 
Autumnal Tints, but also for its red fruits. All the forms 
of Pyrus Aria (Beam-tree) are more or less beautiful, and 
worth planting in the park alike for their charming 
foliage and attractive berries. Hither for growing in the 
open shrubbery, or for training against a wall 6ft. or so 
high, Spirea prunifolia fl. pl. should be remembered. In 
autumn its small Plum-like leaves are deeply stained with 
purplish-crimson. The yellow-barked Ash (Fraxinus 
excelsior awrea) is not only conspicuous by reason of the 
golden-yellow shades of the decaying leafage, but in mid- 
winter its brightly-coloured bark lights up the landscape. 
The White Ash (F. americana) is lovely when its large 
leaves are shaded with brown and orange. Cladrastis 
tinctoria in summer has the leaves a pretty shade of pale 
green, which in autumn gives place to rich yellow. 
Those who have seen Parrotia persica in the weak 
sunshine of an October day cannot readily forget the 
effect produced by its Hazel-like leaves, which assume 
the most brilliant shades of crimson and yellow. 
Betula populifolia makes a pretty picture, especially 
on a moonlight night, with its brownish-yellow leaves 
mingling with the green ones; while the white-barked 
