1900 SUPPLEMENT—RECENT INTRODUCTIONS, &c. 115 
Autumn Tints—continued. 
stem gives pleasing variety. The purple-leaved form of 
the European species also deserves mention, as its 
autumnal colouring is quite as distinct and pleasing as 
its spring tints. Although introduced nearly a century 
ago, Clerodendron trichotomum is by no means well- 
known, notwithstanding its acknowledged beauty and 
hardiness. When its blossoms have faded, the reddish- 
purple calyces stand out prominently, affording a pleasing 
contrast to the beautiful shades of chocolate-brown 
and orange assumed by the decaying foliage. Nyssa 
sylvatica has smooth green leaves, which turn to 
brilliant shades of crimson and claret in autumn. 
Liquidambar styraciflua (Sweet Gum-tree) has deeply- 
lobed leaves, which in a young state are glossy green, 
and in October purplish-crimson. . 
Aisculus Hippocastanwm (Horse Chestnut) in autumn 
assumes pleasing shades of orange and brown, while the 
leaves of 4. flava turn bright yellow. The Maples (Acer) 
are grand trees for the park and garden, and the following 
are particularly showy in autumn: Acer rubrum holds a 
high place amongst Auturn-Tinted trees, for in October its 
leayes and petioles turn to shades of crimson, orange, and 
yellow. A. circinatum is very attractive when its leaves 
are stained with crimson and scarlet in autumn. A. tatari- 
cum has small serrated leaves which die off a lemon 
shade. Then there are*A. t. Ginnala (sometimes given 
specific rank),-whose soft green leaves change tuo various 
shades of bronze, red, and crimson before they fall, the 
bright red petioles affording additional colour; A. macro- 
phyllum, with its large divided yellow and gold leaves 
set on red petioles; and A. pictwm, whose leaves change 
from green to different shades of orange, yellow, and 
brown. 
Of the Norway Maple (A. platanoides) two varieties 
stand out prominently above all others—Reitenbachii and 
Schwedleri. The first-named differs from the type princi- 
pally on account of its metallic-green leaves, which 
intensify in colour before they fall; while Schwedleri has 
bronze-green leaves, changing to gold and deep crimson 
as autumn approaches. The under-sides of the leaves are 
nearly old-gold colour. Another sort, A. insigne, is worthy 
of mention, as in autumn its leaves change to yellow. 
A. Heldreichi, a native of Eastern Europe, is also con- 
spicuous in autumn, its yellow leaves contrasting strongly 
with its crimson foot-stalks. A. japonicum aureum is 
a grand tree, whose beauty is shown from the time its 
clear yellow leaves are unfolded in spring until they die 
off in October, when they are heavily tinted and margined 
with crimson. The variety microphyllum, withits deeply- 
cut leaves, assume delicate shades of crimson and orange. 
A, j. vitifolium stands out conspicuously on a sunny 
autumn day, when the deeply-cut leaves (not unlike some 
of the Vines) are a mass of crimson and gold. A. laciniata 
enriches the landscape with glowing shades of orange, 
scarlet, and crimson. A. macrantha.is showy, with its 
small blood-red leaves and petioles and red stem. 
The Cotoneasters are prized for their lovely berries, but 
C. horizontalis deserves special mention, as it is the most 
conspicuous member of the genus when its decaying leaves 
present such vivid shades of scarlet and crimson. Carya 
tomentosa (White Heart Hickory) arrests attention 
principally on account of its lovely golden-yellow leaves, 
composed of from seven to nine leaflets; it is, when 
properly placed, one of the most gorgeous of Autumn- 
Tinted trees. C. porcina microcarpa is equally beautiful, 
the decaying foliage being particularly bright. Vaccinium 
corymbosum, in October, is rendered attractive by reason 
of its brightly-coloured foliage, which is a lovely shade of 
red, not infrequently intermingled with various shades of 
green and brown. V. padifolium and V. pennsylvanicum 
are likewise showy in their Autumn Tints. 
Dogwoods (Cornus) are represented in nearly all public 
parks and gardens by one or two sorts only. C. alba, with 
Autumn Tints—continued. 
its red stems and variously-coloured Autumn Tints, is a 
well-known decorative shrub, especially for winter effect, 
and the variety, Spathi, one of the best of the variegated 
Dogwoods, is becoming fairly well-known, too. The leaves 
are a beautiful yellow, marked with pale green, which, in 
antumn, is shaded with lemon-yellow and splashed with red. 
C. florida has leaves heavily shaded and suffused with 
chocolate-brown and golden-yellow. C. brachypoda variegata 
(a silver variegated form) assumes a bronzy-yellow shade. 
C. macrophylla is variable as regards its tints, and sometimes 
its leaves are not so highly coloured asat others. The small 
yellowish-green leaves of C. mas elegantissima are very 
attractive in October, when irregularly margined with red. 
Lonicera Mawximowiczii is about the only Honeysuckle 
conspicuous for its autumnal colouring—rich shades of yellow 
and lemon. 
The Sumachs (Rhus) are handsome tropical-looking 
plants, which “take on” pretty Autumn Tints. R. Cotinus 
(Venetian Sumach) is very noticeable; its leaves, which 
are retained longer than those of most of its congeners, 
are very showy. R. cotinoides deserves special mention 
on account of the dazzling colours of the decaying foliage, 
which are unequalled by any hardy tree. The normal 
colour is soft green, which, in early autumn, changes first 
to bronze-green, and later on to the brightest and most 
striking, shades of orange-scarlet. Glorious shrubs for 
effect are R. glabra, and its variety laciniata. The latter 
is superior to the type; itis a valuable addition to the 
sub-tropical garden, the leaf-colour in autumn being a 
mixture of orange, yellow, and red. 
Viburnum Opulus (Guelder Rose) bears leaves which 
are heavily stained with crimson and brown. V. plicatwm, 
V. Lantana, V. nudum, and V. cassinoides are also worthy 
of mention, too. 
The Oak is more often associated with the park than with 
the garden. Quercus coccinea (Scarlet Oak) gives colour to 
the landscape in autumn and early winter which is 
equalled by few trees. The colour varies from bronze- 
green to deep crimson. @. heterophylla is dull crimson; 
Q. palustris (Marsh Oak) changes to yellow and red; 
Q. marilandica nana, a small tree, colours finely in an 
open situation, the leathery leaves being bright green in 
summer and rich purple-brown in autumn; the large 
foliage of Q. velutina dies off rich crimson; and @. conferta 
(Hungarian Oak), with its deeply-cut leaves, is gay in 
October when shaded with cinnamon, brown, and yellow. 
Of Azaleas or, more correctly, Rhododendrons, the mollis, 
or sinensis, and pontica sections are particularly noteworthy 
in autumn. Barberries are principally planted for their 
flowers in spring and fruit in autumn; some of them are 
brilliant towards the close of the summer months, when 
the leaves are changing colour. B. Thunbergi is effective 
when its small leaves assume shades of orange, yellow, 
chocolate, and brown. Sprays are admirably adapted for 
mixing with cut-flowers. Another species—B. concinna— 
has tiny green leaves, glaucous on the under-sides, which turn 
to bright red. B. virescens should be planted freely ; its 
leaves die off a reddish colour, and the red stems are 
effective in the shrubbery during winter. The decaying 
leaves of B. angulosa, a loose-habited bush, are conspicuous 
in October. B. vulgaris and the purple-leaved foliis- 
purpureis has foliage which is delightful from early spring 
to autumn. Ina young state the leaves are deep purple, 
and ere they fall the colour changes to bronzy-purple. 
B. Aquifolium (Holly-leaved Barberry), an evergreen 
member of the genus, is a pleasing shrub at all seasons of 
the year, but particularly so in autumn and winter, when 
its summer greenery has given place to shades of bronze 
and brown, and in not a few cases to crimson and maroon. 
Nandina domestica, a delightful little shrub, has smooth 
compound leaves which are bright red in autumn, and not 
only are they amongst the first to change colour, but being 
persistent, remain attractive for a considerable time. 
