124 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, . 
Bauhinia— continued. 
long as the orbicwlar limb. October. 
long, orbicular or transversely broadly oblong, 
lobed, pale green. h. Sft. to 10ft. Transvaal, 1895. 
climbing shrub. (B. M. 7494.) 
B. grandiflora (large-flowered). fl. pure white, very large, 
expanding in the night, solitary at the tips of the axillary 
eanmslese l. ovate or cordate at base. Branches spiny. 
T: 15ft. to 20ft. Andes, 1897. ‘Tree. (R. H. 1897, p. 393, f. 126.) 
B. variegata. ‘This is figured in B. M. 6818. 
B. v. candida (white). jl. pure white, large, fragrant. 
l. bright green. A. 5ft. aenpical Asia, 1893. A handsome 
shrub. (B. M. 7312; J. H. 1895, xxvi., p. 277, f. 54.) 
BAUMANNIA. A synonym of Damnacanthus 
(which see). 
BAY-LEAVED WILLOW. 
andra. 
BEAD-TREE. Sec Ormosia. i 
BEAM-TREE, SWEDISH. Scee Pyrus inter- 
media. 
BEAN. Broapv anp Lone-Poppep Sorts. For early 
sowing the best are: Aquadulce, Bunyard’s Exhibition, 
Dobbie’s Champion, and Giant Seville Long-pod. The 
pods of these are all very long and freely produced, but the 
1. petiolate, lin. to 3in, 
broadly two- 
A half- 
See Salix pent- 
Beans are not so good in flavour as the Windsor section,- 
which are a little later than the Long-pods. The following 
are the best of the Windsor class: Green Windsor, 
Harlington Windsor, and Improved Broad Windsor. 
Beans, Dwarr or Frencu. Sorts. The following are 
best for forcing: Emperor William (this is the earliest 
forcing variety), Ne Plus Ultra, Osborn’s Dwarf Prolific, 
and Williams’ Early Prolific. For outside sowing: Best 
of All, Canadian Wonder, Mammoth Long-podded Negro, 
and Princess. ‘There are a number of Golden-Butter, or 
Wax-podded varieties, that so far have not found favour in 
Britain. The majority of the sorts are dwarf, and, as the 
name indicates, the pods are of a waxy golden colour, and 
are cooked whole, the flavour being good if the pods are 
picked young. The best of this class is Barr’s Golden 
Wax-pod. There is also a Climbing French Bean under 
the names of Veitch’s Climbing French Bean and Sutton’s 
Tender and True. It is earlier than the Scarlet Runners, 
a great bearer, and of good flavour, 
Runners, on Onimpina Kipnry Beans. Sorts: 
Champion Scarlet, Giant White Czar, Girtford Giant, Hill’s 
Prize Searlet, Ne Plus Ultra Scarlet, and Sutton’s Prize 
Winner. 
BEAN ANTHRACNOSE (Colletotrichum linde- 
muthianum). A well-marked fungus, characterised, as its 
common name denotes, by a black spotting. In America 
the disease is very prevalent, and as it may be readily 
introduced by infected seed the gardener must exercise 
great care at sowing time. To treat the seed to a 
fungicide does not seem to be of much avail, judging 
by the report of Professor Beach, of Iowa, who has’ 
made a special study of Bean diseases. Pods, foliage, 
and stems are all affected, and very young seédlings as 
well as fully-matured plants. At first the spots are small, 
but as the disease progresses they increase in size, 
coalesce, and pit: usually they are edged with red. 
Preventive measures consist, according to Professor 
Beach, in the selection of sound seed (that with dark 
pits should be rejected), the prompt removal of infected 
seedlings (the stems should be watched for discoloured 
patches), and thoroughly spraying with weak Bordeaux 
Mixture at intervals. : 
BEAN RUST. See Pea Fungi. 
BEAN, UNDERGROUND. See Voandzeia sub- 
terranea. 
BEARD. A tuft of hairs; the awns of Grasses. 
BEARDGRASS. ‘ce Polypogon. 
BEATSONIA PORTULACIFOLIA. A synonym 
of Frankenia portulacifolia (which see). 
BEAUCARNEA is the correct name of Nolina 
(which see). 
BEAUHARNOISIA. 
(which see). 
BEAUMONTIA. This genus embraces four species 
of tall, stove trees or shrubs, natives of the East Indies 
and the Malayan Archipelago. Flowers white, large, 
scented, disposed in terminal cymes; calyx five-parted ; 
corolla funnel-shaped, with a short tube and five twisted 
lobes. Leaves opposite, membranous, often bearing small 
glands at the axils. To the species described on p. 164, 
Vol. I., the following variety should be added: : 
B. grandiflora superba (superb). This is a lovely variety, 
with white, trumpet-shaped flowers. 1894. ° 
BECIUM. Included under Ocimum (which see). 
BEDDING PLANTS. At one time this term was 
practically restricted to the ordinary summer occupants 
of Beds and borders, and a few sub-tropical Bedders. 
To-day it has a far wider meaning, and Bedding Plants 
may very well be divided into three groups, according to 
the season of the year in which they are employed—Spring, 
Summer, or Autumn. First as to 
Summer Brepprers. For these it is now generally 
recognised that a long-continued display of flowers 
is very exhausting to the soil, and consequently a good 
foundation must be laid. The Beds should be well- 
drained, well-manured, and deeply-worked. The benefits 
to be derived from deep cultivation are many: it gives 
a greater degree of openness to the soil, so that the roots 
can penetrate the more easily, and in dry seasons descend 
to where the soil is moist, thus escaping, to a greater 
degree, the evils of drought. In wet seasons, the surplus 
water also escapes more readily to the drains and subsoil, 
instead of standing about the roots of the plants and 
causing their decay. An excellent plan to adopt is to 
trench the Beds to a depth of 2ft. every second season, and 
time thus spent will be well repaid by the superior health 
and beauty of the plants grown. 
As to soil, the best for the cultivation of the majority of 
Bedding Plants is undoubtedly a deep, light loam, resting 
on a dry subsoil. If the soil is very light and sandy, it 
is greatly improved by having a quantity of heavy loam 
incorporated with it; but if it is naturally unsuitable, the 
best way to remedy the evil is to excavate the original 
soil to a depth of 2ft., replacing it with, say, a compost 
of two parts friable loam and one part leaf-mould. 
If plants are to be grown in the same ground for several 
consecutive years, manure must be applied to the soil, or it 
will soon become exhausted. For this purpose, nothing is 
better than old hotbed- or well-decomposed cow-manure, 
on no account using the latter in a fresh state. The dress- 
ings are best applied when the Beds are trenched, mixing 
the manure well with the soil. If trenching is not neces- 
sary, the manure might be scattered over the surface and 
forked well in. In districts where the rainfall is great, 
as in the neighbourhood of hills, many plants, such as 
Pelargoniums, produce leaf at the expense of flowor. In 
such localities, the soil should be raised more above the 
ground-level, and, of course, manure should be more 
sparingly applied. 
The time for planting out depends on the general climate 
of the district, the position of the garden as to shelter, and 
the condition of the plants, together with the character of 
the individual season. It is certainly much better to wait 
a week or two than to remove plants ont of sheltered situa- 
tions into the open Beds, if there is any fear of cold winds 
or a night’s frost, in which case they would no doubt 
receive a check sufficient to affect their well-being for the 
whole season. The usual time for planting out is the end 
of May or during the month of June. Showery weather 
is generally chosen for the operation, but should dry 
weather prevail, planting may commence in June, pro- 
viding the Beds receive a good watering immediately after. 
A synonym of Tovomita 
