192 
Canker—continued. 
also be cut out and similarly treated, afterwards dressing 
the part with Stockholm tar. In the case of old.and 
unfruitful trees badly attacked, these should be uprooted 
and burned. 
In the United States there is a very destructive disease 
of Apples and Pears, sometimes spoken of as Canker. This 
is of bacterial origin, and has been referred to under Apple 
and Pear Blight (Micrococcus amylovorus). This attacks the 
main trunk as well as the smaller branches; even the 
blossoms are affected, and turn black. Roses are also 
affected by Canker due to a fungus. 
CANKER WORM. A name applied by Americans to 
the caterpillars of certain destructive moths affecting 
Apple trees. One isa near relative of the March Moth 
(Anisopteryx zscularia), which gives trouble in this country, 
and should be similarly treated. The other is Paleacrita 
vernata. The former appears in autumn; the latter in 
spring. 
CANNA. Nearly ninety specific names are kept up in 
the “Index Kewensis,” but, according to Mr. J. G. Baker 
(“ Gardeners’ Chronicle,” 1893), a large majority of these 
probably represent garden forms. “In this genus the 
short outer wrapper of the flower—the three small green 
leaves that remain on the top of the capsule—represents 
the calyx. The corolla is represented by the three longer 
equal leaves, of firmish texture and greenish colour, that 
form the next row. The showy part of the flower consists 
of the stamens, which are brightly coloured and put on the 
appearance of ordinary petals. These petaloid staminodia 
are unequal in size, and to the margin of one of the inner 
ones the one-celled anther is attached.” All the species 
are natives of tropical or sub-tropical America. : 
The new race of Large-flowered Cannas, which the 
florist has evolved by skilful, hybridising, marks an epoch 
in this flower. Alike in flowers and foliage, the new 
Cannas quite outstrip the old; they combine, in fact, 
the gorgeousness of the finest Gladioli with the beauty of 
the Dracena. They may be used with telling effect in 
the borders in summer, on lawns, or in beds. Indoors they 
are quite as useful, and their season of beauty is a long one. 
They may be planted outside in late spring, affording them 
good rich soil and a sheltered position. They may be left 
out in the more favoured soils, and in the South and West 
of England, if covered with litter in severe weather ; other- 
wise, they are best lifted and stored out of the reach of 
frost. For indoor work, they may be potted in either 
spring or autumn. Wherever grown, they like plenty of 
moisture in the growing season, They are propagated by 
seeds, or by dividing the crowns in spring into pieces 
containing from two to three growths. 
To those described on p. 262, Vol. I., the following 
should be added : 
C. esculenta (esculent). A synonym of C. edulis, from the 
rootstock of which is procured Canna Starch (‘Tous les Mois”). 
C. grandiflora picta (large-flowered, painted). fl. yellow, 
spotted with red. 1885. A handsome and robust, garden variety. 
(RH. 1885, p. 356.) 
C. indica Bertini (Bertin’s). . dark crimson, very large, borne 
in a spike-like panicle. 7. narrow-ovate, of a beautiful Beale 
pron h. 2ft. to 24ft. 1889. A garden variety of the In 
_ ©. L variegata (variegated). J. striped with yellow. Solomon 
Islands, 1897, 
C. lanuginosa (woolly). The corfect name of C. Achiras. 
C. latifolia (broad-leaved). The correct name of C. gigantea 
(B. M. 2316). 
C. liliifiora (Lily-flowered). jl 4in. to 5in. long, Honeysuckle- 
scented, in a short, terminal rac me; perianth tubular, the three 
outer petaloid lobes linear-oblong, convolute, reflexed, tinged 
green, the three inner ones straight and extended, recurved at 
end, white, tinted yellowish-green. J. large, Musa-like, ehlongs 
acuminate. Stems stout, erect. A. 6ft. to 10ft. A fine plant. 
CF. @. S. 1055-6; R. H. 1884, 132.) 
Cc. lutea aurantiaca (orange-yellow). 
C. aurantiaca. 
The correct name of 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Canna—continued. 
EE baad limbata (spreading, bordered). The correct name of 
. limbata. 
C. Reevesii (Reeves’). A synonym of C. flaccida. (B. R. 2004.) 
Cc. rosx#fiora og towenett jl. magenta-red. 1885. Garden 
variety. (R. H. 1885, p. 396. 
Varieties. Some of the best are as follow: 
A. DE MONTEBELLO, flowers carmine, shaded with orange; 
leaves bright green and distinct; good for outdoor culture. 
AIGRETTE, flowers scarlet with a thin margin of gold, large; 
leaves deep green; 3ft. to 4ft. ALPHONSE BOUVIER, flowers dark 
crimson, of fine form, spikes large and freely produced ; leaves 
bronzy-green, erect; 3ft.; one of the best for either indoor or 
outdoor culture. AMERICAN FLAG, flowers orange-scarlet with 
a well-marked gold band on the margin of each petal; large and 
of good form; best adapted to indoor culture. AMI JULES 
CHRETIEN, flowers chestnut-red, very large, and of great 
substance; leaves green and massive; 3ft. AMI PICHON, 
flowers rich scarlet, of fine globular form, and very free ; 
leaves green ; 3ft. to 4ft. AMIRAL AVELLAN : there are two distinct 
varieties known under this name, the one sent out by Vilmorin 
and Co. has bright yellow flowers spotted with red, and green 
- leaves. The other, sent out by Crozy, has carmine-red flowers, 
with dark bronzy leaves. Both are handsome varieties. ANTOINE 
CHANTIN*, flowers very large, deep cerise salmon; leaves 
dark green; remarkably floriferous and dwarf; one of the best. 
ANTONIN CrROzy, flowers rich crimson, large spikes; leaves 
dark green, marked with purple ; 3ft. to 5ft. AURORE, flowers 
deep orange-red, very large and of good form; leaves deep 
Fie. 202. CANNA FLORENCE VAUGHAN. 
green 3ft. to 4ft. AUSTRIA*, flowers canary-yellow, spotted 
with brown, very large, and of grand form; leaves green, 
long, handsome; 4ft. to 6ft. BEAUTE FOITEVINE, flowers 
bright red, large; leaves glaucous green; Sft. CAPITAINE P. DE 
SuzzonI, flowers baat yellow, slightly spotted, large; leaves 
ale green; 3ft. to Sit. COLIBRI*, flowers clear yellow, with 
ced carmine centre; leaves green; 3ft.; a distinct variety. 
COMTE DE BoucHaupD*, flowers golden-yellow, heavily spotted 
with bright red; leaves deep green; Sft.; a very handsome 
variety. COMTE DE GANAay, flowers a lovely salmon shade 
margined with yellow, large and fine; leaves deep green ; 3ft. 
to 4ft. CRIMSON KING, flowers intense crimson, splendid spikes ; 
leaves bronzy-green; Sft. DUCHESS OF YORK*, flowers yellow, 
heavily ppotes with red, large, good form, and free ; leaves en 
green ; 3ft. DUKE OF YORK", flowers vermilion-red, margined wit! 
yellow ;leavesgreen ; 4ft. ; very free. FLORENCE VAUGHAN, flowers 
bright yellow, heavily spotted with scarlet ; 3ft.; see a 
FREDERIC BENARY, flowers crimson-red ; leaves green and long ; 
4ft. F. THOMAYER, flowers bright orange, very large and fine; 
leaves purple; 3ft. to 4ft. GEOFFREY SAINT-HILAIRE*, flowers 
