200 
Carrot Grubs—continued. 
surface when the young plants are about 4in. high. Watering 
with a solution of soluble petroleum (loz. to. the gallon of 
water) is also effectual if done when the fly is on the wing. 
The soil should also be made firm so that the female is 
unable to go beneath the surface for egg-deposition. 
Wireworms are also very destructive to Carrots, and are 
most difficult to deal with, especially in small gardens which 
By Permission of the Board of Agriculture. 
Fic. 212. Carror FLy (Psila rose). 
Showing 1, perfect Insect, natural size and magnified; 2, Larva, 
natural size and magnified ; 3, Pupa, natural size and magnified ; 
4, infested Carrot with rusty spots. 
have to be kept continually cropped. Wood-ashes in this 
case, too, have been found of exceeding benefit. They 
should be well dug in when the soil is prepared, and also 
plentifully employed in the drills when the seed is sown. 
Gas-lime, where it can be employed early in winter, and the 
quarters allowed to remain uncropped, is also excellent for 
Wireworms. 
CARROT, ROCK. Sce Thapsia edulis. 
CARROT, TREE. See Thapsia edulis. 
CARTESIA. A synonym of Stokesia (which see). 
CARTHAMUS CORYMBOSUS. 
Cardopatium corymbosum (which see). 
CARTHAMUS. This genus embraces about twenty 
species, natives of the, Mediterranean region, Central 
Europe, and Central Asia, and includes Kentrophyllum 
(which see). 
C. mitissimus (least spiny). 
mitissimus. 
CARTONEMA (from kartos, shorn, and nema, a 
filament; in allusion to the shape of the filaments sup- 
porting the pollen-bags). Orb. Commelinaceez. A genus 
including five or six species of greenhouse herbs with 
leafy stems, simple or branched at the base, all natives of 
Australia. Flowers disposed in simple, terminal spikes or 
racemes, solitary within small or narrow bracts. 
C. spicatum has been introduced, but is probably not now 
in cultivation. 
CARUM. 
genus embraces about fifty species, 
temperate regions. 
A synonym of 
A .synonym of Carduncellus 
Including Petroselinum and Zizia. The 
mostly found in 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
CARUMBIUM (of Kurz). 
(which see). 
CARUMBIUM (of Reinwargt), <A 
Homalanthus (which see). 
CARUNCULARIA. Included under Stapelia 
(which see), the correct name of C. pedunculata being 
S. levis. 
CARVI. See Carum Carvi. 
CARYA. Syn. Hicorias. Eleven © species are 
_referred to this genus by Bentham and Hooker. To 
those described on p. 274, Vol. I., the following should 
be added: J 
C. sulcata (furrowed). /., catkins very long, pedunculate, 
glabrous. Marchand April. jr. ovate, 24in. long, pericarp very 
thick ; nut elongated at both ends, conspicuously pointed, quad- 
rangular. J., leaflets seven to nine, obovate-oblong, acuminate, 
serrated, glabrous above, tomentose beneath. A large tree, with 
scaly bark; it resembles C. alba. Syn. Juglans sulcata. 
CARYOCAR. Including Pekea. About eight species, 
natives of tropical America, are included in this genus. 
Flowers disposed in terminal racemes ; calyx deeply five- or 
six-cleft; petals five or six, imbricated ; stamens numerous. 
Fruit sub-drupaceous. Leaves opposite, digitately three- to 
five-foliolate ; leaflets coriaceous. C. nuciferum is known 
as the Saouari, Souari, Suwarrow, or Butter Nut. 
CARYOPSIS. See Cariopsis. 
CARYOPTERIS. Syns. Barbula, Mastacanthus. 
This genus includes five species of erect or rambling 
shrubs, natives of Northern and Hastern Asia and the 
Himalayas. Calyx deeply five-cleft; corolla tube short, 
the middle lobe of the lower lip larger, crisped or fimbriate ; 
stamens four. Leaves opposite, acuminate, minutely gland- ~ 
dotted. 
CARYOTA. About a dozen species are included 
here; they inhabit tropical Asia, the Malayan Archi- 
pelago, New Guinea, and tropical Australia. To those 
described on pp. 274-5, Vol. I., the following should be 
added : : 
C. Alberti (Albert’s). A synonym of C. Rumphiana. 
C. furfuracea (scurfy). The correct name of C. purpuracea. The 
plant is identical with C. mitis. 
C. obtusa (obtuse). his only differs from C. wrens in the 
shorter, unexpanded male flowers, slightly in the fruit, and in 
ee more rounded and crenate tips of the leaflets. Upper 
ssam. 
Cc. o. equatorialis (Equatorial). ., males larger than in the 
type ; stamens more than 100. 7. having pinnules more acute 
and more deeply crenate or serrated. Malay Peninsula. Accord- 
tp ates Sir J. D. Hooker, C. ochlandra is probably identical 
with this. " 
Cc. ochlandra (yellow-stamened), Probably synonymous with C. 
obtusa cequatorialis. 
C. plumosa (feathery). A species supposed to be newly intro- 
duced, and distributed by a Belgian firm without description or 
information as to origin. 
_C. Blancoi, C. elegans, C. majestica, and C. speciosa are in cultiva- 
tion at Kew, but are very scarce. 
CARYOTAXUS. A synonym of Torreya (which 
see). ; 
CASCARILLA GRANDIFOLIA. A synonym of 
Cosmibuena obtusifolia latifolia (which see). 
CASEARIA includes Irowcana. 
CASSAVA WOOD. See Turpinia occidentalis. 
CASSEBEERA. All the species require stove treat- 
ment, and the soil which suits them best is peat of a 
sandy nature, allowing a free passage to the water, which 
should be liberally administered to the roots. 
C. triphylla. The characteristic of this Fern responsible for the 
specific name is well shown in Fig. 213. 
A synonym of Sapium 
synonym of 
