226 
Cherry—continued. 
Gumming is usually induced by either bad drainage or 
winter pruning. The remedy is obvious in eithet case. 
Varieties. The following are all worth attention : 
Autumn Bigarreau. Sve Bigarreau Belle Agathe. 
Bigarreau Belle Agathe, or Autumn Bigarreau. Fruit 
small, black, and very sweet ; valuable for the long time it will 
hang on the trees after ripening. 
Bigarreau de Hedelfingen. Fruit large, fine deep black, 
and with a rich, high flavour. A fine mid-season variety. 
Bigarreau de Schreken. Fruit large, black, of a vich and 
refreshing flavour. A good early variety, answering well as a 
bush or a wall tree. 
Early Red. Fruit very large, red, juicy, and rich. An excellent 
early variety. 
Emperor Francis. 
late variety. K 
Geans,—GUIGNE p'ANNONAY, Fruit Jarge, black, flesh firm, 
juicy, and rich flavour. An excellent early variety. GUIGNE’S 
DE WINKLER. Fruit large, red, of very Inscious flavour, and 
will hang a long time on the trees. Late. DuKr’s BELLE DE 
Cuorsy. Fruit large, pale yellowish-red, of sweet and pleasing 
flavour. Mid-season. 
Monstrueuse de Mezel. Fruit very large, pale rose, some- 
times striped with red. Flesh firm, very juicy, and of high 
quality. A good bearer on all forms of trees. Mid-season. 
Noir de Guben. Fruit large and Instroas in colour, of good 
flavour. An abundant bearer. 
CHERRY MOTH (Argyresthia nitidella), Belonging 
to that little-nnderstood group of Moths known as the 
Tineide is the genus above named. The species is of some 
economic importance, inasmuch as it is at certain seasons 
responsible for a great deal of mischief to Cherry trees. 
‘The first indication that the gardener has that anything is 
amiss with his crop is the falling of the fruit in immense 
numbers, just after the ‘‘set.””. By many this is ascribed to 
night frosts, east winds, and the like; whereas in the 
majority of cases the injury is 
due to the attack of the minute 
caterpillar of the above-named 
abundant Moth (Fig. 242), its 
presence being detected by the 
minute hole to be found in the 
fallen fruits. 
About midsummer the Moths 
are on the wing, and though 
observed in goodly numbers 
"alee : around Cherry trees, there is 
nothing in the insect’s appearance to cause the gardener to 
view it with suspicion—clad in the simplest of attire, light 
brown, with whitish margins, and a dark brown band 
towards the centre. One characteristic of the genus is the 
peculiar resting position of these insects, which look as if 
they were trying to stand upon their heads, by reason of the 
postion of the body. When egg-laying takes place, the 
oths select the shoots of the tree for the purpose. The 
eges remain unhatched through the winter, and are not 
affected by the severest cold. 
As the spring approaches, and the embyro fruit is forming, 
the caterpillars hatch ont. and commence to work their way 
into the undeveloped fruits. They thus feed for about a 
fortnight, when the fruits fall to the ground in the manner 
Fruit large, red, of fine flavour, A valuable 
Fig. 242. CHERRY MoTH, 
indicated. The caterpillars are greenish, but afterwards 
take on a dull grey. They pupate in the fruits in a white 
cocoon, 
By way of remedial measures nothing can be done, and 
the gardener is obliged to trust to the birds to preserve the 
balance. It will, however, be found good policy to: collect 
the fallen frnits in spring and burn them. 
CHEVALIERIA or CHEVALLIERA. 
under Aichmea (which see). 
CHIAZOSPERMUM. 
(which see). . 
CHICH PEA. Se Cicer arietinum. 
CHICKEN GRAPE. See Vitis cordifolia. 
CHICKLING VETCH. See Lathyrus sativus. 
¢ teen oe a WINTERGREEN. ‘See 
alis. 
CHILIAN CROCUS. 
crocea. 
Included 
Inelnded under Hypecoum 
Trien- 
See Tecophilea cyano- 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
CHILIANDRA. A synonym of Rhynchotechum 
(which see). : 
CHILIAN NUT. See Guevina Avellana. 
CHILIANTHUS (from chiloi, a thousand, and anthos, 
a flower; the flowers are yery numerous). Orb. Loganiacee, 
A small genus (four species) of greenhouse, tomentose, 
South African trees or shrubs, closely allied to Buddleia, 
but having exserted anthers; they eae dense cymes of 
small flowers disposed in a terminal panicle, and opposite, 
entire or toothed leaves. C. oleaceus has been introdneed. 
For culture, see Buddleia. 
C. arboreus (tree-like), A synonym of C. oleaceus. 
C. oleaceus (olive-like). “a white, very pretty; stamen 
much longer than the corolla; panicles corymbiform, densely 
many-flowered.. September. J. opposite, shortly petiolate, 
oblong-lanceolate, entire, l4in. to 54in. long, white-tomentose 
beneath. Branches also tomentose, flexuous. A, 6ft. 1816. 
Syn. C. arboreus. 
CHILIOPHYLLUM (of De Candolle). 
nnder Zaluzania (which see). 
CHILOCALYX (of Turezaninow). 
Atalantia (which see). 
CHILODIA. Included under Prostanthera (which 
see). 
CHILOGNATHA. See Millipedes. 
CHILOSTIGMA. A synonym of Aptosimwm. See 
Ohlendorfiia. 
CHIMAPHILA UMBELLATA. A synonym of 
C. corymbosa (which see). 
CHIMONANTHUS. 
monotypic. 
CHINA ROSE. See Rosa indica. 
CHINESE ARTICHOKE. See Crosnes. 
: asec dphire HAWTHORN. See Photinia serru- 
ata. 
CHINESE KEIDNEY-BEAN. See 
chinensis. 
CHINESE LARCH. See Pseudolarix. 
eae PARASOL. See Sterculia platani- 
olia. 
CHINESE PEPPER. 
tum. 
CHINESE PRIMROSE. See Primula sinensis. 
CHINESE SACRED LILY. See Narcissus. 
CHINESE YEW. See Cephalotaxus and Podo- 
carpus chinensis. 
CHIOCOCCA. Syn. Siphonandra. Tropical America 
is the home of this genus, which embraces six to eight 
species. 
CHIOGENES (from chion, snow, and genos, offspring ; 
in allusion to the snow-white berries), Creeping Snowberry. 
Syns. Lasierpa, Phalerocarpus. ORD. Vacciniacer, A 
monotypic genus. The species is a hardy, slender, trailing 
or creeping, marsh - loving evergreen, requiring similar 
culture to Oxycoccus (which see). 
C. hispidula (slightly hispid). l. white, very small and in- 
conspicuous, solitary in the axils of the small, Thyme-like leaves, 
on short, nodding peduncles. April. jr. a white, globular berry, 
minutely bristly, slightly spicy, but otherwise insipid, ripe late 
in the summer. ranches filiform, strigose-hispid. North 
America, 1815. SyNns. Gaultheria serpyliifolia, Phalerocarpus 
serpyllifolia. . 
CHIONASPIS EUVONYMI. See Scale. 
CHIONASPIS FRAXINI. See Ash Bark Scale. 
CHIONODOXA. ‘The four species of this genus-are 
natives of the Orient. ‘To those described on p. 315, Vol. I., 
the following should be added : 
Cc. gigantea (gigantic). A synonym of C. Lucilie grandifora 
Cc. grandiflora (large-flowered). jl. violet-blue, white in the 
centre, larger than in @. Lucilie. Plant also more robust. 1891 ~ 
A garden vari6ty. 
Cc. Luciliz. Chionscilla, 
c. L. grandiflora (large-flowered), 1. soft violet-blue with a 
small white centre, larger and more numerous than in the type, 
Asia Minor, 1878. “Syn. C. gigantea (Gn., Sept. 3, 1892, t. ars). 
Included 
A synonym of 
Syn. Meratia. This genus is 
Wistaria 
See Kanthoxylum piperi- 
