244 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
CLEISOSTOMA. Syn. Pomatocalpa.  Inclading 
Echioglossum. This genus comprises, according to the 
“Index Kewensis,”’ upwards of forty species, mostly natives 
of the East Indies, the Malayan Archipelago, and tropical 
Australia. To those dpannined on p. 337, Vol. I., the 
following should be added : 
Cc. brevipes (short-footed). l. gin. in diameter; sepals and 
petals orange-yellow, with two purple bands; lip pale yellow; 
spike lin. to l4in. long, dense-flowered. J. 4in. long, distichous, 
uniform, linear-lanceolate, acute, fleshy. Stems tufted, 8in. to 
12in. long. Sikkim Himalaya. ; 
C. crassifolium (thick-leaved). 
with a rosy lip, produced in nodding panicles from the axils of 
the leaves. J. 8in. to 10in. long, closely set, thick, leathery, 
much recurved, resembling those of a Vanda. India, 1850 
.. iii., t. 139; L. J. F. 397; P. F. G. iii. 29.) 
C. Guibertii (Guibert’s). 1. pale whitish-yellow, with cinnamon 
rings ; sepals and petals cuneate-oblong, obtuse ; lip pandurate; 
column short; panicle many-flowered. Habitat not recorded, 
1862. (L., t. 9.) 
C. ringens (gaping). /. ochreous, having the middle lobe of the 
lip purple and an orange spot on the side lobes; spur very large, 
broad, cylindrical; raceme few-flowered. 7. oblong, emarginate, 
din. to 4in. long, 14in. broad. Philippines, 1888. A pretty little 
species. 
C. Wendlandorum (Wendland’s). /l. yellow, minute, papil- 
lose; raceme or panicle 4in. to 6in. long. 6in. to 10in. 
long, lin. to 1sin. broad, broadly lorate, coriaceous, bilobed. 
Stems lin. to 14in. long, very stout. Tenasserim, &c. 
Cc. Zollingerianum (Zollinger’s). A new species, ‘‘of Vanda- 
like habit, but with very short spikes of only a single flower, 
which is lin. across and white with red-brown spots” (G. C.). 
Sunda Islands, 1897. 
CLEISTES. Included under Pogonia (which see). 
CLEISTOCACTUS. Included under Cereus (which 
see). 
CLEITRIA. A synonym of Venidium (which see). 
CLEMATIS. Including Viorna and Viticella. Atra- 
gene (see Vol. I., p. 143) is also merged hereunder by 
Bentham and Hooker. About 100 species are included in 
this genus; they are mostly dispersed over temperate 
regions, and are rarely found within the tropics. To the 
species and varieties described on pp. 338-40, Vol. I., the 
following should be added: 
C. Addisoni (Addison’s). 71., sepals dark riniei paEDle, except at 
the acute, reflexed tips, which are yellow. Alleghany Mountains, 
1896. This hardy species is closely allied to C. Gitar: (G. & F. 
1896, p. 324, f. 43.) 
C. alpina (alpine). The correct name of Atragene alpina. 
Cc. angustifolia (narrow-leaved). fl. yellowish-white, not very 
Pumerous, scented, long-pedicellate, disposed in very loose 
panicles at the tips of the branches; sepals four, truncate, the 
orders recurved. June and July. J., leaflets four or five, 
lanceolate, acute, glabrous, long-petiolulate. 
to C. Flammula. 
C. apiifolia (Apium-leaved). i. dull white, with six styles, 
paniculate. August and September. J. ternately cleft ; segments 
ovate, acuminate, incised-toothed. A. 10ft. Japan. A strong, 
hardy climber. 
Cc. barbellata (slightly-bearded), . dull purple, large; sepals 
oblong, acuminate, pubescent on both sides, the margins villous; 
anthers softly bearded on the back; pedicels naked. May. 
l. once ternately divided; leaflets ovate-lanceolate, acute, 
toothed or lobed. Western Temperate Himalayas. A woody, 
greenhouse climber. (B. M. 4794.) Syn. C. nepaulensis. 
Cc. brevicaudata (short-tailed). 7. white, small; peduncles 
spreading, shorter than the leaves, crowded in panicles. 
7. pinnate; leafiets ovate-lanceolate, acuminate, deeply and 
sharply serrated, and covered with appressed hairs. China and 
Japan, 1888. Hardy. Syn. C. Pieroti. 
C. czerulea. The correct name is C. patens. 
C. californica (Californian). A variety of C. ligusticifolia. 
C. coccinea (scarlet). A form of C. Viorna. 
C. Colensoi (Colenso’s). jl. greenish-yellow, very sweet-scented, 
lyin. across; sepals y; peduncles and pedicels slender. 
i. generally biternate or trifoliolate with the leaflets three-lobed 
or tripartite; leaflets jin. to tin. long, ovate-cordate. New 
Zealand, 1844 and 1889. A slender, greenhouse climber. Syn. 
C. hexasepala (B. R. xxxii., t. 44). 
C. connata (connate). i. pale yellow; sepals oblong, sub- 
acute, not ribbed, pubescent outside, densely tomentose inside; 
panicles many-flowered. Autumn. J. pinnate; leaflets three to 
seven, distant, 2in. to 4in. long, broadly ovate-cordate, coarsely 
serrated or almost three-lobed. Himalayas. A large, woody, 
hardy climber. 
fl. sea-green, sin. in diameter, 
Austria. Allied 
Clematis—continued. 
C. Davidiana (David's). Syn. C. mongolica (pf gardens). See 
under C. tubulosa. 
C. divaricata (divaricate), A synonym of C. eriostemon. 
C. Douglasii (David Douglas’s). 7. very deep purple inside, pearl 
outside, nodding; sepals ltin. long, oblong, erect, spreading, 
much longer than the stamens. J/. hairy, twice or thrice pin- 
natifid ; segments linear, rather obtuse. Stem herbaceous, erect, 
ne strongly striated, one-fiowered. h.1ft. North America, 
1889. Hardy. 
C. eriostemon (woolly-stamened). /. bluish-violet; sepals 
oblong-deltoid, acuminate and revolute at apex, the margins 
undulated; peduncles three-flowered. Summer. J. usually 
pinnate ; segments two or three pairs, thick, dark green, oval, 
the lateral ones entire, the terminal onesirregularly three-lobed. 
Tendrils wanting. h. 3ft. to 34ft. Probably North America, 
(R. H. 1852, p. 341.) Syns. C. divaricata (R. H. 1856, p. 341), 
C. Hendersoni (of gardens). 
C. Fremontii (Fremont’s). jl. purple, terminal, nodding ; sepals 
thick, lin. long, narrow-lanceolate, recurved at tip. J. three or 
four pairs, snap le, coriaceous, sparingly villous, sessile, broadly 
ovate, 2in. to 4in. long, entire or few-toothed. Stems stout, 
erect, clustered, 6in. to 12in. high, usually branched. Kansas. 
C. fusca (fuscous). jl. reddish-brown, campanulate, thickly covered 
with brownish wool. fr. forming a thick, globular head of 
plumose tails about lin. across. Stems prostrate or climbing to 
a height of 6ft. or 8ft. China and Japan. A hardy perennial or 
under-shrub. Syn. C. kamtschatica. 
C. graveolens (strongly-scented). A synonym of C. orientalis. 
Cc. hakonensis (Hakon). fl. violet or violet-purple, spreading, 
4sin. to Tin. in diameter; sepals four to six, elliptic or ovate- 
elliptic, narrowed or rounded and mucronate at apex. July to 
October. JZ. pinnate; leaflets five to seven, ovate, acuminate, 
rounded at base, very rarely three-lobed, dark green and 
glabrous above, villous beneath. Japan, 1860. A vigorous 
twiner. C. Jackmanni (of gardens) is one of the varieties of this 
species, 
C. Hendersoni (Henderson’s). A form of C. reticulata. 
C. Hendersoni, of gardens. A synonym of C. eriostemon. 
C. heraclezfolia (Heracleum-leaved). . purplish-blue, some- 
what resembling those of a Hyacinth in shape ; corymbs borne on 
short, erect peduncles, which, as well as the branches, are 
velvety-grey. J. pinnatisect ; segments ovate-lanceolate, broadly 
incised-toothed, the ultimate ones three-lobed. h. 2ft. China. 
Hardy. Syn. C. tubulosa. 
C. h. Hookerii (Hooker's). i. lilac, tubular, Zin. long, pedi- 
cellate, disposed in axillary clusters. J. ai pinnately tri- 
foliolate; leaflets elliptic, acute, dentate. orth China, 1885. 
An ornamental, hardy shrub. (B. M. 6801, under name of 
C. tubulosa Hookerii.) C. tubulosa is now regarded as a synonym 
of C. heraclecefolia. 
C. hexasepala (six-sepaled). A synonym of C. Colensoi. 
C. Hookeri (Hooker’s). A form of C. tubulosa. 
Cc. Jackmanni (Jackmann’s). A form of C. hakonensis. See 
p. 340, Vol. L. 
C. kamtschatica (Kamtschatkan). A synonym of C. fusca. 
C. ligusticifolia (Ligusticum-leaved). /. white, fragrant, Zin. 
across, dicecious, borne in paniculate corymbs. 7. pinnate and 
ternate; leaflets chiens acute, mostly lanceolate - cuneate, 
incisely toothed and trifi h. 30ft. Rocky Mountains. A some- 
what pubescent, hardy, more or less shrubby species. 
C. 1. californica (Californian). This differs from the type in 
having smaller, somewhat tomentose leaves. 1840. 
C. mongolica (Mongol). A garden synonym of C. Davidiana. 
Cc. montana. This is one of the most beautiful of spring-flowering 
subjects (see Fig. 265), but it requires plenty of space. 
Cc. nepaulensis (Nepaul). A synonym of C. barbellata. 
C. patens (spreading). The correct name of C. c@rulea. 
C. Pieroti (Pierot’s). A synonym of C. brevicaudata. 
C. Pitcheri. C. Sargenti is a form of this species. 
C. P. lasiostylis (having a woolly style). jl. having the recurved 
ortion of the sepals deep purplish-blue. fr. of a richer red and 
Tewee than in the type. 
C. Pitcheri-coccinea (hybrid). A garden hybrid, intermediate 
in character between the two parents indicated by the name. 
1893 
Cc. recta flore-pleno (double-flowered). 
double, produced in elegant clusters. 1890. 
Cc. reticulata (reticulated). 
jl. greenish-white, 
fl. dull greenish and purplish, 
solitary, pendulous, on long peduncles; sepals connivent, re- 
curved at the tips. September. /. leathery, prominently reticu- 
lated; upper ones simple, elliptic; lower ones pinnate, with 
