eo eae eee 
2) oe ed 
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1900 SUPPLEMENT—RECENT INTRODUCTIONS, &c. 249 
Cockroaches—continued. 
the shoots, stems, and footstalks. Twenty years ago the 
only species that could be characterised as a pest was the 
Common Cockroach, Stylophaga (Periplaneta) orientalis, 
which holds its midnight revyelsin kitchens. More recently, 
owing to an interchange of commerce, several other species 
haye established themselves in goodly numbers, the heated 
structures found in gardens generally affording them the 
necessary warmth. At Kew and many other places where 
plants are constantly being received from abroad, numbers 
are taken. In the Palm House and in the forcing-pits at 
Kew, P. australasiz is reported as doing much damage by 
attacking young shoots and axillary buds. 
The newcomers are: Periplaneta australasix, already 
noted (Fig. 265); P. americana (Fig. 266); Phyllodromia 
germanica (Fig. 267), the Croton Bug of America; 
2. 
Fig. 267. PHYLLODROMIA GERMANICA. 1, Imago (wings expanded) ; 
2, Imago (wings closed) ; 3, Immature ; 4, Ootheca. 
Rhyparobia (Panchlora) mader# (Fig. 268) ; and Leucophea 
surinamensis (Fig. 269), The first three are the commonest, 
the last two being but occasionally met with. First as to 
Cockroaches—continued. 
Cockroaches generally take a long time to arrive at 
maturity—five years, but P. germanica is an exception, 
arriving at maturity in about nine months. They are yery 
difficult to exterminate once they have established them- 
selves, so well are their ootheca (egg-cases protected. 
addition to the insecticides mentioned in Vol. I., Snow’s 
wets Paste may be named. We have found this very 
effective. 
Fic, 269. LEUCOPH%A SURINAMENSIS (showing mature and 
immature insect). 
COCEKSCOMB. This name is applied to Erythrina 
Crista-galli and Rhinanthus Crista-galli, as well as to the 
genus Celosia. 
COCKSPUR FLOWER. See Plectranthus. 
COCKSPUR, WEST INDIAN. ‘Se Pisonia 
aculeata. 
COCKTAIL BEETLES. See Staphylinide. 
COCOA PLANT. See Theobroma Cacao. 
COCOA ROOTS. A common name for the roots of 
Caladium bicolor and some other species of that genus. 
COCO DE MER. See Lodoicea. 
COCOS. Including Glaziova. Upwards of thirty species 
have been described; natives of tropical and sub-tropical 
America, Spadices erect, at length drooping ; lower spathe 
Fic, 268. RHYPAROBIA (PANCHLORA) MADER& (showing insect with expanded and unexpanded wings). 
P. australasi#: ‘This is larger than S, orientalis, and has 
perfect wings in both sexes, whereas our kitchen pest is 
only winged in the case of the males. In colonr it is a 
red-brown, with a yellow streak along the costal 
margin of the fore-wing at the basal half; the pronotum 
is almost black, but has a yellow margin. P. americana 
is also fully winged (see Fig. 266), and is minus the yellow 
markings found upon P. australasie; it is also larger. 
P. germanica is the smallest of the Cockroaches named 
aboye, being only about half the size of S. orientalis. 
It is variable as to eolour, but usually some shade of 
light brown, and is winged in both sexes. So far, 
P. germanica has not invaded our plant-honses to the 
extent of the other two species; but inasmuch as 
Cockroaches generally are practically omnivorous, they 
must all be regarded as undesirable visitors. 
Vol. V. 
the shorter, cleft at apex, the upper one fusiform or clavate, 
woody, suleate at back. To the species described on 
pp. 348-9, Vol. I., the following should be added. See also 
Syagrus (which is included by botanists under Cocos) and 
Acrocomia. 
C. Blumenavi (Blumenhaay’s). A synonym of C. eriospatha, 
C. butyracea (buttery). /., spadices as long as the spathe ; 
branchlets simple, thickly clustered, lft. long, deflexed ; spathe 
cylindrical-oblong, attenuated at both ends, 4ft. to 6ft. long. 
1. pinnate ; pinnz simple. Colombia, 1850. Plant unarmed. 
C. capitata (headed). /., spadix long-pedunculate, the branches 
4in. to Sin. long; spathe narrow-fusiform, 1}ft. to 2ft. long, 
sulcate. 7. spreading, 6ft. or more in length, forming a dense 
head; pinne straight, sub-erect, complicate, linear, acuminate, 
rigid, Sang beneath. Caudex thick, 10ft. to 12ft. high. Minas 
Geraes. : 
2K 
