SUPPLEMENT—RECENT INTRODUCTIONS, &C. 295 
Fic. 309. FROND OF CYSTOPTERIS MONTANA. 
CYSTOPTERIS. This small genns is interesting, 
inasmuch as, with the exception of the essentially North 
American C. bulbifera (Fig. 306), all others are indigenous 
to this country and well adapted for planting in the 
outdoor Fernery, where shady and well-drained spots 
should be selected for them, all being found growing 
naturally at high elevations. C. fragilis (Fig. 307) is a 
common British Fern; while the distinct form, C. f. 
Dickieana (Fig. 308), found by Dr. Dickie near Aberdeen, 
is by some botanists regarded as of specific rank. 
C. montana (Fig. 309) is provided with underground 
ereeping rhizomes, but all the other Cystopterises produce 
their slender fronds in great abundance, either from a 
closely-tufted crown or from shortly-decumbent rhizomes. 
On account of their delicate appearance, all are well 
adapted for pot-culture, either under glass, in a cold frame, 
or without glass protection, in a sheltered position. All 
the known species and varieties lose their fronds early in 
the autumn and remain dormant until about April, during 
which period their crowns must not be allowed to get com- 
pletely dry. When planted out, a compost of abont equal 
parts fibrous peat, loam, and leaf-mould is the one which 
suits all Cystopterises best. For pot-culture it is advisable 
to add to this mixture a small proportion of old, erambled 
mortar or broken limestone, and also to pay special atten- 
tion to the drainage. 
The Bladder Ferns are usually propagated during March 
and April by division of the crowns, wherever more than 
one has formed ; they are also easily raised from spores sown 
in autumn inacold frame. C. bulbifera, however, is more 
readily increased by means of the bulbils produced along its 
rachises, which, haying fallen to the ground, soon emit a 
few slender roots and send up some rudimentary fronds, 
producing perfectly-developed foliage during the second 
year. 
Cc. Bergiana (Berg’s). A synonym of Hypolepis Bergiana. 
] spinulosa (slightly spiny). A synonym of Asplenium spinu- 
losum. 
C. tenuis (slender). A synonym of C. fragilis. 
CYSTORCHIS (from kystis, a bladder, and Orchis). 
Orv. Orchideew. A small genus (two or three species) of 
stove, terrestrial, Malayan Orchids. Flowers small, spicate, 
sub-erect. Leaves petiolate, ovate. C. javanica (B. H. 1862, 
t. 1, f.1) and C. variegata (B. H. 1862, t. 1, f. 5) are in 
cultivation at Kew, but are of little horticultural value. 
CYTHEREA. A synonym of Calypso (which see). 
CYTINACEZ. A natural order embracing about 
twenty-two species of broadly dispersed, parasitic, fleshy 
herbs, of botanical interest, ranking between the Nepen- 
thacee and the Aristolochiacee ; in some cases they are 
stemless and consist of flowers only, supported by scales in 
lien of leaves, the flowers in Rafflesia reaching gigantic 
proportions. 
CYTISUS. Including Spartothamnus. The hardy 
Cytisuses are very accommodating plants, thriving well in 
rough, turfy loam, but most of the kinds grow freely in 
dry, sandy soil. Cuttings of half-ripened shoots, dibbled 
in light soil and placed in a warm propagating-case, root 
readily. Layering is a quick method of increasing the 
stock; it shonld be performed in summer. The dwarf- 
growing sorts are admirably adapted for rockeries. When 
planted in dry soils the flowers of C. purpureus are light 
purple, but when grown in damp situations they are. deep 
purple, and much more enduring. 
To the sRewee described on pp. 429-80, Vol. I., the 
following should be added. Several species formerly 
included here are now referred to Adenocarpus and 
Genista. 
C. albus multifiorus (many-flowered).* A proliferous garden 
variety. 1888. 
C. Alschingeri (Alschinger’s). jl. of a pale yellow, freely pro- 
duced, some of the racemes measuring lift. in length. Croatia. 
Very floriferous. It is doubtful whether the plant generally 
cultivated under this name is the true C. Alschingeri. 
C. Anagyris (Anagyris). A synonym of Adenocarpus hispanicus. 
C. Andreanus (André¢’s).* A beautiful and distinct variety of the 
common Broom (C. scoparius), having deeper golden flowers, with 
iene red keels instead of yellow. Found wild in Normandy, 
1886. (R. G. 1342; R. H. 1886, p. 372, under name of Genista 
Andreana.) 
C. candicans (whitish). #1. yellow, in terminal heads, not very 
numerous. May to July. jr. hirsute-villous. 2 petiolate, 
