306 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
DECASCHISTIA (from deka, ten, schistos, divided ; in 
allusion to the ten bractcoles, the ten-celled ovary, the 
ten-branched style, and the ten-valved capsule). ORD. 
Malvaceze. A small genus (four or five species) of 
stove shrubs, natives of India and Birma. Flowers shortly 
pedunculate, axillary or clustered and terminal; sepals and 
petals five, connate below, the latter adnate to the tube of 
the stamens; bracteoles ten. Leaves entire or lobed. Only 
one species has been introduced. For culture, see 
Hibiscus. 
D. ficifolia (Ficus-leaved). 1. coppery-red, merging into yellow, 
with a rosy spot at the base, Sin. or more in diameter. /. three- 
lobed, cuneate at base; lobes toothed, hoary beneath. Birma, 
1888. A handsome shrub. 
DECASPERMUM. A synonym of Nelitris (which 
see). 
DECASPORA. A synonym of Trochocarpa (which 
see). 
DECODON. Included under Nesza (which see). 
DECOSTEA. A synonym of Griselinia (which see). 
DECUMARIA. Forsythia (of Walter) is identical with 
this genus. 
DEER GRASS. See Rhexia virginica. 
DEFINITE. Constant, fixed, or limited in number; 
stamens are said to be Definite when they do not exceed a 
score. 
DELAIRIA SCANDENS. A synonym of Senecio 
mikanioides (which see). 
DELIMA. Leontoglossum is synonymous with this 
monotypic genus. 
DELPHINIUM. This genus comprises about forty 
species, distributed over the North temperate zone. For 
the herbaceous border there are no brighter or more 
easily grown plants than the hybrid perennial Larkspurs, 
provided the soil is fairly rich and there is an abundance 
of water during the growing season. After the first 
flush of beauty is over, it is a good plan to cut the plants 
right down. Fnorther blossoms will then be produced, 
which, if not so fine as those first seen, will tend to 
prolong the season of beauty of these useful, hardy plants. 
These Delphiniums should be planted in early spring, 
and whether used in the border, as already suggested, in 
the beds, or in the shrubbery, they are equally effective 
when in flower. When planting the crown should be 
kept about 2in. beneath the surface. 
To the species and varieties described on pp. 450-1, 
Vol. I., the following should be added: 
DB. armeniacum (Armenian). . azure-blue. Armenia, 1894. 
This plant closely resembles D. Ajacis, but is more robust. 
D. azureum album (white). 7. creamy-white, in long, wand- 
like racemes. 7. large, deeply three- to five-parted, the divisions 
Fes into narrow lobes. Stems 2ft. to 3ft. high. North America, 
1882. 
D. cashmirianum Walkeri (Walker’s).* ji. lin. or more in 
diameter ; sepals pale blue, striped with darker blue ; petals dull 
yellowish, tipped with brown ; peduncles 3in. to 4in. long, one- 
flowered. J. orbicular, three- to five-lobed; lobes lobulate. 
Kashmir, 1885. A dwarf, rockwork plant. (B. M. 6830.) 
D. caucasicum (Caucasian). 1. blue; spur slightly incurved, 
about as long as the hairy sepals; SSE long. J. long- 
petiolate, 14in. across, cordate-orbicular, tripartite ; segments 
ovate, obtuse, incisely lobed. Stems din. to 4in. high, sparsely 
hairy, three- or four-flowered. Caucasus, 1880. There is a variety 
dasyanthum, rather larger than the type. 
D. chinense (Chinese). 
D. corymbosum (corymbose). i. densely racemose; sepals pale 
violet, petaloid; petals almost black, the upper one erect, the 
lower spreading, bifid, bearded. J/., lower ones palmately five- 
lobed, hairy on both sides, the lobes repeatedly three-lobed ; 
upper cauline ones petiolate or sessile, palmately five-lobed. 
Stems corymbosely branched. A. lft. to 14ft. Eastern Turkestan. 
(R. G. 1059.) 
D. denudatum (denuded). #. nearly lin. long, many, in much- 
branched racemes; sepals yellow, with blue margins; petals 
pale blue. J., radical ones 2in. to 6in. in diameter, orbicular, 
tive- to nine-partite, the segments bipinnatifid ; cauline ones few, 
the uppermost ones tripartite. Stem branched, 2ft. to 3ft. high. 
Temperate Himalayas, 1870 
A variety of D. grandijlorum. 
Delphinium—continued. 
D. hybridum sulphureum (sulphur). A synonym of D. Zalil. 
D. nudicaule aurantiacum (orange-coloured). A garden 
variety. 1888. 
D. Nuttalli (Nuttall’s).* fl. white, with sky-blue spots on the 
upper segments, produced in branching spikes occupying about 
one-third of the scapes. h. 2ft. to 24ft. North America. 
D. peregrinum pig ji. blue; spur ascending, twice as 
long as the rest of the flower. July. J. tripartite, the si ents 
a ee Branches straight. A. 1ft. North Italy, &., 
D. speciosum glabratum (showy, glabrous). This is similar 
in growth and flowers to D. cashmirianum, but has larger 
anfloreacaeee and the flowers have longer spurs. Himalayas, 
D. sutchuenense (Su-tchuen). A synonym of D. cheilanthum. 
D. tatsiensis (Ta-tsien-lu). f. cobalt-blue. i much smaller 
than in D. cheilanthum (to which this species is allied). A. 2ft. 
China, 1896. 
D. trolliifolium (Trollius-leaved). . bright blue, lin. to lsin. 
broad ; spur as long as the sepals; raceme loose, few-flowered, 
with rather long pedicels. /. long-petiolate, five- to seven-lobed ; 
lobes laciniately cleft and toothed, with acuminate segments. 
aus stout, 2ft. to 4ft. high, glabrous or slightly hairy. Oregon, 
D. viride (green). jl. loosely racemose; sepals and the long, 
stout spur yellowish-green; petals deep purple. J. palmately cut 
and toothed. Chihuahua, 1 Annual or biennial. (G. & F. 
1888, i., pp. 149-50, f. 29.) 
D. Zalil (Zalil).* #7. pale yellow, rather larger than a shilling, 
disposed in long racemes. May to August. /. dark green, finely 
cut. Stem branching ; branches 8in. to l6in. long. Afghanistan, 
1887. An attractive annual, the flowers of which are extensively 
used, especially in Persia, for dyeing silk. (B. M. 7049.) Syn. 
D. hybridum sulphureum. 
Varieties. These are now very numerous, and are far 
superior in colonr-range and general effectiveness to the 
older garden kinds. The following is a good selection, 
varying from pale blue to deep purple, and all of stately 
growth : 
ALBERT EpwarkD, deep plum, black eye; ALFRED HENDERSON, 
violet, white centre; ASPIRATION, rich violet, white eye, semi- 
double; BANQuo, violet-purple, black eye; BAsSaN1o, violet, 
semi-double ; BEAUTY, pale blue, white eye; BRITANNIA, very deep 
blue, large white eye; CETO, sky-blue, semi-double; CLARA 
STUBBS, Geen blue, white centre; Davip, deep blue, black eye; 
DUKE OF CONNAUGHT, bright blue, dark eye; DUKE OF TECK, 
bright blue, white eye ; EVELYN, dark blue, edged lighter blue, semi- 
double ; FRANK HOLL, deep blue, white centre ; GAINSBOROUGH, 
deep blue, with violet inner petals, semi-double; GENEva, 
sky-blue, white eye, semi-double; HENRY, deep blue and purple, 
white eye ; HORACE, violet-purple, white eye; JAMES KELWay, 
violet-blue, white eye; J. S. SARGENT, deep blue, shading to 
plum, with dark eye; KING OF DELPHINIUMS, rich deep blue, 
white eye, semi-double; Lapy ESTHER GORE, azure-blue, 
white eye; MONUMENT, lavender, darker centre, semi-double ; 
Mr. CromMpToN ROBERTS, rich purple and dese blue in com- 
bination, with dark eye; Mrs. RUSHTON, bright blue, veined 
rose, white centre; Sara, sky-blue, pink veinings and white 
centre ; SIR JOHN FORREST, dark blue and violet-purple, creamy- 
white eye; SIR WALTER Scott, purple and blue, dark eye; 
TRUE BLUE, gentian-blue, black eye. 
DELTOIDES. See Snout Moths. 
DEMATIEI. See Mould. 
DEMETRIA. A synonym of Grindelia (which 
see). 
DEMIDOVIA. A synonym of Tetragonia (which 
see). 
DENDRAGROSTIS. A synonym of Chusquea 
(which see). - 
DENDRIUM. A synonym of Leiophyllum (which 
see). : 
DENDROBIUM. Syns. Callista, Ceraia, Desmo- 
trichum, Onychium (of Blume). Including Aporum. This 
genus is here revised in accordance with the admirable 
monograph published by Messrs. James Veitch and Sons, 
in Part III. of their ‘‘Manual of Orchidaceous Plants.” 
None of the Eastern genera of Orchids have gained so 
much prominence of late years as the varions species and 
hybrids belonging to the deciduons section of Dendrobiums, 
and ¢ertainly none are worthier of consideration. The 
numerous hybrids, especially new introductions, which have 
been derived from the intercrossing of the various species, 
