77 
1900 SUPPLEMENT—RECENT INTRODUCTIONS, &C. 3 
GABERTIA. A synonym of Grammatophyllum 
(which see). 
GHRTNERA. The two species described under this 
heading belong to Hiptage (which see). 
GAGEA. Syn. Ornithoxanthum. To the species 
described on p. 39, Vol. Il., the following should be 
added : 
G. arvensis (field-loving). A synonym of G. stellaris. 
G. lutea. The correct name is G. fascicularis. 
G. stellaris (star-like). 7. yellow, disposed in a corymbiform 
raceme; perianth segments lanceolate. March and April. 
7., radical ones two, linear, obtuse, channelled and recurved ; 
floral ones opposite, lanceolate. Europe. SYN. G. arvensis, 
G. stenopetala. The correct name is G. bracteolaris. 
GAHNIA (called after H. Gahn, a Swedish botanist 
of the eighteenth century). Syn. Psittacoschenus. ORD. 
Cyperacee, A genus embracing about a score species of 
stove or greenhouse, perennial herbs, mostly Australian, 
a few inhabiting New Zealand, New Caledonia, the 
Malayan Archipelago, South China, and the South Pacific 
Islands. Spikelets blackish or brown, often two-flowered ; 
glumes many ; hypogynous bristles none; stamens three to 
six; panicle ample and loose or narrow and spike-like. 
Nut reddish-fuscons, whitish, or black, ovoid, obovoid, or 
sub-fusiform, Leaves usually long, terete, with a long, 
subulate acumen. It is doubtful whether the plant here 
described is the true G. aspera. For culture, see 
Cyperus. 
G. aspera (rough). (/., spikelets whitish-yellow; inflorescence 
terminal. jr. reddish-yellow. J. bright green, channelled, wavy, 
lanceolate. Tiji, 1887. An ornamental plant, of Arundo-like 
habit. 
GAILLARDIA. Syns. Calonnea, Galardia, Virgilia. 
Abont ‘eight species are comprised in this genus. 
This is another of the flowers which the florist has taken 
in hand with excellent results, and the perennial Blanket 
Flowers (Fig. 386), as they are sometimes called, are 
amongst the most valuable flowers from early summer 
ETCHING Co 
Fic. 386, FLORISTS’ GATLLARDIAS. 
Vol. V. 
Gaillardia—continued. 
till late autumn. They are very effective when planted in 
bold groups in the border; while even as bedding plants 
they have few superiors when pegged down Ift. or so 
apart. In hot, dry summers they are amongst the com- 
paratively few subjects which are not injuriously affected. 
They have few enemies, and may be readily preserved 
for years if covered with some light litter before severe 
weather sets in. For supplying cut-flower material, they 
*are also valuable. A deeply-worked but light and rich 
soil suits them best, and they should be planted in spring. 
There are both single and double varieties, the former 
being the more decorative, but the latter prove the more 
usefal for cutting. 
Varieties. ‘These are numerous, but mostly some shade 
of crimson, red, or yellow. Some good ones are: 
ADDISON, BASSANIO, CHARLES KINGSLEY, ELLEN TERRY, 
GENERAL SYMONS, HYPATIA, JAMES KELWAY, LADAS, LANGPORT 
WoNDER, LORD METHUEN, LORD ROSEBERY, MR. PITCHER, 
OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES, PRIMROSE DAME, RUBINSTEIN, 
St. BLAISE, SPLENDIDISSIMA PLENA, VIVIAN GREY, W. B. 
CHILD, WILLIAM KELWAY, and WILLIAM ROLFE. 
GALACTIA (from gala, milk; in allusion to the 
milky juice of some of the species). Including Collza 
and Sweetia (of De Candolle). Orb. Leguminose. A genus 
embracing about forty-five species of stove, greenhouse, or 
hardy, prostrate or twining herbs or erect shrubs, all 
American, allied to Camptosema. Several of them have 
been introduced, but they are probably no longer grown. 
GALACTITES. Syn. Iupsia. G. australis has been 
introduced, but is probably lost to cultivation. 
GALANGA. A synonym of Alpinia (which see). 
GALANGALE. ‘See Kempferia Galanga. 
GALANTHUS. This genus consists of about half- 
a-dozen species, confined to Europe and Western Asia. 
Flower generally solitary, cernnous ; spathe usually simple ; 
perianth tube none, the outer segments oblong-spathulate, 
the inner ones much shorter, obovate, emarginate, stiffly 
erect; stamens epigynous; filaments very short. Leaves 
two or three, lorate. Rootstock a tunicated bulb, one tunic 
wrapped tightly round the base of the stem and leaves. 
A number of plants that have been described as species 
are now regarded as mere forms of G. nivalis. 
Snowdrops are amongst the most appreciated of hardy 
bulbs, though it is the spring- rather than the late-flowering 
kinds, like G. nivalis octobrensis, which are known. They 
may be employed in a variety of ways—in the border, on 
the rockery, in the beds, and in the grass. The last is the 
most natural method of all, and when grown thus the 
refined beauty of the flowers is seen to the greatest 
advantage. The bulbs should be planted in antumn, and 
2in. deep, and unless there is some good reason for it they 
should not be disturbed very frequently. Propagation may 
be effected by seeds sown as soon as procurable in light, 
sandy soil, in boxes; or they may be divided just after 
flowering and immediately replanted. The antumnal kinds, 
like the one above-named, Rachelw, Olgx, corcyrensis, 
cilicicus, and Cassala, are not as vigorous as their spring 
relatives, but nevertheless are well worth attention by 
the cultivator of hardy bulbs. 
Sparrows prove troublesome in almost all gardens; but 
they may be prevented from doing much damage if black 
thread be stretched across the beds or borders. The greatest 
enemy of the Snowdrop cultivator is, however, a species of 
Mildew due to Sclerotinia galanthina, which causes the 
plants to rot away very suddenly and mystericusly, as the 
foliage shows no sign as a rule of weakness. If, however, 
disease be suspected, the foliage and bulbs had hetter be 
examined, when probably a greyish mould will be discovered 
upon the former. Later in spring both foliage and bulbs 
will be found to be covered with the black bodies known 
as selerotia. When this is the ease, such bulbs should 
be burned, and fresh positions given them. Whenever 
bulbs suddenly cease to flower without any apparent cause, 
the disease should be suspected, and measures be taken to 
prevent it from spreading. It would also be advisable to 
lift any bulbs in the vicinity and well dust them with 
powdered sulphur, replanting them in fresh quarters. 
A species of Rhizoglyphus, popularly known as Bulb 
Mite, also proves troublesome to Snowdrops, and badly- 
affected bulbs should be destroyed, as the Mites are with 
$C 
