390 THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
GEUM. Calyx persistent, with five imbricated, 
valvate lobes. Stamens numerous, usually clustered in 
several series. To the species, &c., described on pp. 66-7, 
Vol. II., the following should be added: 
G. aleppicum (Aleppo). A synonym of G. strictwm. 
G. chiloense grandiflorum (large-flowered).* l. of a bright 
scarlet, very large. A grand variety for grouping in mixed 
borders. SYN. G. coccinewm grandijlorum. 
G. c. miniatum (scarlet).* This and G. hybridum (also known 
as the Altrincham variety) are probably one and the same. 
The flowers last from April till the end of July. 
G. coccineum grandifiorum (large-flowered). A synonym 
of G. chiloense grandijlorum. 
G. Heldreichii (Heldreich’s).* This is said to be a form of 
G. montanum with deep bright orange-red flowers. 1896. 
G. hybridum (hybrid). Probably identical with G. chiloense 
mintiatum. 
G. miniatum (scarlet). A variety of G. chiloense. 
G. montanum grandiflorum (large-flowered).* This is a 
very desirable variety, with larger foliage and deeper yellow 
flowers than the type. It is of garden origin, and sometimes 
catalogued under the name of G. m. maximum. 
G. reptans (creeping). /l. yellow; petals obcordate, longer 
than the calyx. July and August. /., radical ones interruptedly 
pinnatifid, the larger lobes obovate-cuneiform, deeply toothed 
at apex, the smaller ones ovate, entire or three-toothed ; 
cauline leaves three-lobed. Sterile stems creeping ; floriferous 
ones erect, undivided. fh. 8in. Switzerland, Germany, &c. 
(Gn. 1886, 1i., p. 479.) 
G. rheticum (Rhetian Alps).* /l. golden-yellow, lin. across. 
Summer. /., radical ones Sin. to Sin. long, lyrate, interruptedly 
pinnate; side pinne with coarse, deep serrations; terminal 
leaflet large, heart-shaped, lobed. Stems numerous, 6in. to 8in. 
high, erect, with three or four small, pinnate leaves. An 
interesting natural hybrid between G. montanum and G. reptans, 
discovered on the south side of Monte Rosa, 1886, (R. G. 1229.) 
SyN. Sieversia rheetica. 
G. speciosum (showy).* This is described as a large plant, 
similar to G. montanum, with bright orange, large-petaled 
flowers. Caucasus, 1898, 
G. urbanum (city-loving). jl. yellow, sin. to Zin. in diameter, 
terminating the branches of a very loose panicle; peduncle 
slender. May to July. J., lower ones pinnatisect, the terminal 
leaflet 2in. to 3in. in diameter, orbicular, the lateral ones 
sinaller; cauline leaves sessile, broad, variously cut and lobed. 
Stems lft. to 3ft. high. Europe, India, Australia, &c. 
G. virginianum (Virginian). /. white; petals cuneate-obovate, 
about as long as the calyx. June to August. J. variously 
divided; radical ones on long petioles; upper cauline ones 
nearly sessile. Stem lft. to 3ft. high. North America, 
GEVUINA. According to the ‘‘Index Kewensis 
this is the correct name of Guevina (which see, on 
p. 101, Vol. II.). 
GHIESBREGHTIA. A synonym of Calanthe 
(which see). 
GHINIA. A synonym of Tamonea (which see). 
GHOST MOTH, or GHOST SWIFT MOTH 
(Hepialus humuli). Though a yery common Moth, it is 
not as often recognised as a pest as it shonld be. The 
caterpillars at times are very destructive to the suceulent 
roots of kitchen-garden prodnce, as well as to flowering 
bulbs, grass, and of course the Hop. Unfortunately, 
feeding as the larve do, concealed beneath plants, they 
are not readily reached. The cultivator may, however, 
minimise the attack perhaps by ‘‘collecting’’ the insects 
as soon as they are noted upon the wing, and killing 
them before the female has a chance of scattering her 
eggs. The larve and the spiny pup shonld also be 
destroyed when unearthed by digging. The use of certain 
volatile substances under the soil, like cyanide of potassinm 
and bisulphide of carbon, has been recommended by some ; 
but even if good results have been obtained from them, 
they are far too dangerous to be generally employed. 
See also Otter Moth, Vol. II. 
GHOST SWIFT MOTH. ‘See Otter Moth, 
Vol. II. ; and Ghost Moth, in present volume. 
GIAS. A synonym of Bletia (which see). 
GIBRALTAR MINT. See Mentha Pulegium 
gibraltarica. 
Shaecoae tar A synonym of Sequoia (which 
see). 
” 
GILIA. Including gochloa, -Dactylophyllum (of 
Bentham), Linanthus, and Navarretia. These are excellent 
plants for a sunny position, and shonld be freely planted 
by bee-keepers. To the species described on pp. 67-8, 
Vol. II., the following should be added: 
G. californica (Californian). ji. rosy-lilac, lin. in diameter; 
corolla lobes broadly cuneate-obovate, their margins often 
minutely erose, July. J/. very crowded, soon widely spreading, 
all alternate, palmately three- to seven-parted, acerose or 
subulate, rigid and pungent. Western California, 1854. Half- 
hardy perennial. Syn. Leptodactylon californicum (B. M. 4872). 
G. coronopifolia (Coronopus-leaved).* jl. scarlet, yellowish 
and dotted with red within, thyrsoid-paniculate; corolla lin. 
to lsin. long, the lobes ovate. July to October. 7. pinnately 
eae into filiform or narrow-linear divisions. Stem 2ft. to 
ft. high, very leafy throughout. South Carolina, &c., 1726. 
Half-hardy biennial; an excellent pot-plant. (B. R. 1691.) Syn. 
Ipomopsis elegans. Of this species there are several colour 
varieties. 
G. dichotoma (dichotomous). . pure white, lin. long, terminal 
or in the forks, sub-sessile ; petals obovate. Summer. J. sessile, 
opposite, palmately cleft; segments three to five, subulate, 
entire. hk. 6in. to 12in. California, 1833. Plant erect, 
dichotomously branched, highly glabrous. Syn. Linanthus 
dichotomus. 
G. hybrida (hybrid). The name applied to a fine race of 
garden hybrids between G, androsacea, G. micrantha, and 
G. m. wurea. 
G. inconspicua. ‘The correct name is G. parviflora. 
G. lutea (yellow). A synonym of G. micrantha. 
G. parviflora (small-flowered). The correct name of G. incon- 
spicua. 
G. pungens (pungent). A synonym of G. squarrosa. 
G. squarrosa (squarrose). jl. blue or sometimes whitish, 
capitate-crowded and densely leafy-bracted; corolla slender, 
rather shorter than the calyx lobes. August. J. alternate, 
having their primary divisions incised or parted; upper ones 
and bracts spinescent. h. 1ft. California, 1847. SyN. G. pungens 
(B. M. 2977). 
G. tricolor violacea (violet). A pretty variety having violet 
flowers with a dark eye. ; 
G. nivalis (Snow Queen) (white) and G. rosea splendens (vose) are 
good garden varieties. 
SILER SIACE 
see). 
GINGELLY OIL PLANT. See Sesamum in- 
dicum. 
GINGER, WILD. ‘ce Asarum europeum. 
GINGIDIUM (of F. Mnueller). A synonym of 
Aciphylla (which see). 
GINGILIE OIL PLANT. ‘ee Sesamum in- 
dicum. 
ERE OUS os A synonym of Pharnaceum (which 
see). 
GINKGO. The soil best suited to the Ginkgo is a dry 
loam rather than a wet one. Though perfectly hardy, it is 
not advisable to plant in very cold, bleak situations, 
especially if the soil is inclined to be cold and improperly 
drained. Propagation is readily carried on by seeds sown in 
cold frames or in the open ground, proyided the position 
is a sheltered one, and also by layering when practicable, 
The variegated forms are generally increased by grafting, 
which operation is best performed in spring on stocks of 
the type, established in pots, and placed in a warm house. 
The scions will be much benefited by an occasional light 
syringing overhead, but on no account must too much water 
be given, or there will be fear of damping off. Protection 
from the sun will be necessary until a union has been 
effected. The pendulous varieties may also be worked 
upon the common species, 
GIPSIES’ ROSE. See Scabiosa arvensis. 
GISSANTHE. A synonym of Costus (which see). 
GITHOPSIS (from Githago, the Corn Cockle, and 
opsis, resemblance; in allusion to the calyx). On». 
‘ampanulacez. According to Bentham and Hooker, this 
is a monotypic genus. The species is a small, pretty, 
half-hardy annual, resembling the Venus’ Looking-glass 
(Specularia Speculwm). For culture, see Annuals. 
G. specularioides iS oS jl. blue, simply _ter- 
minating the stem or branches, or becoming lateral, strictly 
erect. jr., capsule rigid, tapering into a very short and stout 
eduncle, 7, small, sessile, linear-oblong, coarsely toothed. A. 
in. to 10in. California, 1894. Plant hirsute or glabrate. 
(G. C. 1894, xvi., pp. 244-5, f. 34.) : 
Included under Liliacez (which 
