HAMBURGH PARSLEY. See Parsley. 
HAMELIA. Duhamelia is synonymous with this 
genus. 
HAMELINIA. A synonym of Astelia (which see). 
HAMILTONIA. Probably both H. scabra and 
H, spectabilis are merely forms of H. suaveolens. 
HAMILTONIA (of Muehlenbeck). 
Pyrularia (which see). 
HAPALE. A synonym of Hapaline (which see). 
HAPALINE (derivation uncertain). Syn. Hapale. 
Orp. Aroidez. A small genus (two species) of small, 
slender, stove herbs, natives of Birma and the Malayan 
Peninsula, allied to Colocasia. H. Brownei, a species with 
greenish-white spadix and spathe (B. M. 7325), has been 
introduced, but it is not likely to be grown mnch outside 
botanical collections. 
HAPLOCARPHA (from haploos, single, and karphe, 
chaff ; in allusion to the one-rowed, chaffy pappus). ORD. 
Composite. A genus comprising four species of green- 
house or half-hardy, almost stemless, perennial herbs, 
natives of Sonth Africa, one extending into tropical 
regions. Flower-heads yellow, rather large, solitary, 
heterogamons, radiate ; involucre hemispherical, the bracts 
in many series; receptacle flat or convex, naked or 
slightly fimbrilliferous; ray florets ligulate, spreading, 
entire or minutely three-toothed; achenes turbinate. 
Leaves radical, entire or toothed, cano-tomentose or 
woolly beneath. H. Leichtlinii, the only species in cul- 
tivation, is a showy, free-flowering pliant, requiring 
protection during the winter. It thrives in any fairly 
good soil. From the crown are produced numerous 
short shoots, which all flower; and by making cuttings 
of these the plant may be propagated. 
H. Leichtlinii (Leichtlin’s).* /.-heads 2in. to 24in. in diameter ; 
involucral scales free, the outer ones cobwebby-tomentose, the 
inner ones tipped dull purple; ray florets stained purple beneath, 
the disk of a deeper yellow; scape lft. long. J. 6in. to 12in. 
Jong, 2in. to 24in. broad, lyrate-pinnatisect. 1883. SYN. Gorteria 
acaulis (of gardens). 
HAPLOCHILUS. 
see). 
HAPLOPAPPUS [according to the ‘Index Kewen- 
sis,” Aplopappus is the correct spelling]. Including 
Sideranthus. To the species described on p. 112, Vol. II., 
the following should be added: 
H. ericoides (Erica-like). jl.-heads 4in. long, having three to 
five short rays, very numerous, paniculate. J. all filiform or 
nearly terete, excessively numerous and axillary-fascicled ; 
cauline ones only jin. and those of the dense fascicles }in, long. 
h, 2ft. to Sft. California. Plant fastigiately much-branched. 
HAPLOPTERIS. See Vittaria. 
HARDENBERGIA. To the species described on 
p. 112, Vol. II., the following variety should be added: 
= peenounyils ceerulea (blue). A variety with blue flowers. 
A synonym of 
Included under Zeuxina (which 
HAREBELL, AUSTRALIAN. 
bergia gracilis. 
HARES AND RABBITS. These at times are 
very destructive to trees, especially in severe winters, 
when food is scarce. Again, it is thonght that the bark 
is taken as an aid to digestion. From whatever canse 
barking occurs, it is undesirable, as it exposes the trees 
to the attacks of certain wound-fungi. To guard against 
barking by animals, trees should be treated with 
Ahlbottin’s Composition, which will render them imper- 
vious to the attacks of Hares, Rabbits, or even of deer. 
This preparation is of a thick, greasy consistency, and 
is not washed off by even heavy rains. Other points in 
its fayour are that it is non-poisonons, and that it may 
be applied to the most delicately-barked trees. 
HARPALUS RUFICORNIS. This is one of the 
Beetles belonging to the interesting and numerous group 
“agg era (Ground Beetles). It is noteworthy from the 
fact that it is one of the few species which at times 
forsake a diet of flesh for one of vegetables. Of late 
' years this insect has proved very troublesome in gardens 
See Wahlen- 
1900 SUPPLEMENT—RECENT INTRODUCTIONS, &c. 415 
Harpalus Ruficornis—continued. 
where Strawberries are grown, showing a marked 
partiality for the ripe fruit. Like the majority of the 
din. (12mm. to 
The Beetle is most numerous where litter is employed 
as a protection to the fruit from heavy rains, as this 
affords the pest safe harbourage during the day. Where 
the insect is troublesome, the litter should be periodically 
examined during the day, and the perfect insects 
collected and destroyed. ‘To trap these pests is some- 
what difficult, the most successful method being that 
suggested by Messrs. Laxton in their mannal—to let 
into the ground-level in spring a number of cheap 
pudding basins, baiting them with ‘‘lights and sugar 
and water.’’ Disused condensed milk-tins have also been 
similarly employed, and the crops thus saved from de- 
struction. 
- HARPALYCE (of Don). Included under Prenan- 
thes (which see). 
HARTMANNIA. Incladed under Gnothera (which 
see). 
HARTWEGIA (of Nees). 
phytum (which see). 
HASSELTIA. A synonym of Kickxia (which see). 
HATCHET VETCH. See Securigera Coronilla. 
HAWKFLIES. See Syrphus. 
HAWORTHIA. Flowers whitish, ribbed with green 
or reddish-brown; perianth oblong-cylindrical, with a 
straight tube and a bilabiate limb of six sub-equal, oblong 
segments; stamens six, hypogynous. ‘To the species de- 
seribed on p. 114, Vol. II., the following should be added : 
H. columnaris (columnar). jl. gin. long ; raceme simple, nearly 
lft. long; peduncle simple, 6in. long. 2. about thirty in a rosette, 
multifarious, obovate, cuneate, all ascending, not recurved, jin. 
to a long, 4in, thick, minutely cuspidate. Leafy stem short. 
1884, 
H. distincta (distinct). A synonym of H. venosa. 
H. pilifera (ball-bearing). /l. jin. long; raceme lax, simple, 6in. 
long ; peduncle simple, bin. long. /. twenty to thirty in a rosette, 
multifarious, oyate-oblong, lin. long, jin. thick, rar green, 
pellucid, rounded on the back, with a Targe awn. 1860. (Ref. B., 
t. 234.) 
A synonym of Chloro- 
H. Radula (Radula). ji. Zin. long; raceme very lax; peduncle 
simple or branched, 6in, to 12in. long. May. J. thirty to forty 
crowded in a multifarious rosette 5in. to 6in. across, lanceolate- 
deltoid, very acuminate, recurved. Leafy stem short. 1805. 
H. venosa (veined). l. gin. long ; raceme lax, simple, 6in. to Yin. 
long; peduncle simple, 6in. long. J. twelve to fifteen in a rosette, 
multifarious, lanceolate-deltoid, rather recurved, 2sin. to din. 
long, dull green with a purplish tinge, cuspidate; margins 
minutely denticulate. Re-introduced 1875. Syn. H. distincta 
(G. C. 1876, vi., p. 130, f. 30). 
H. vittata (striped). jl. gin. to jin. long; raceme simple, dense 
upwards; peduncle simple, stiff, about sin. long. 7. twenty to 
thirty in a dense rosette, multifarious oblong-lanceolate, very 
acuminate, 14in. to 1fin. long, jin. thick, with about five short, 
vertical stripes and a long, pellucid awn. 1860. (Ref. B., t. 263.) 
H. xiphiophylla (Xiphion-leaved). /l. about Zin. long; raceme 
lax, cernuous, Jin. to 4in. long ; peduncle 6in. long. 7. fifty or 
more ina dense, sessile rosette, lanceolate, 2in. long, pale green, 
acutely keeled on the back, tapering to a pellucid awn. 1895. 
(B. M. 7505, 
The following species have also been introduced: H. afinis, 
H. bilineata, H. Bolusii, H. Cooperi, H. glauca, H. Greenit, 
H. icosiphylla, H. minima, H. Peacockii, UH. polyphylla, H. Tisleyi. 
HAWTHORN, CHINESE. ‘See Photinia ser- 
rulata. 
HAWTHORN, WINTER. See Aponogeton 
distachyon. 
