430 THE DICTIONARY 
OF GARDENING, 
HORNEMANNIA MARTINICENSIS. The 
correct name of Vaccinium Imrayi (which see). 
HORNEMANNIA (of Bentham). 
Sibthorpia (which see). 
HORNET (Vespa Crabro). This, the largest of British 
Wasps, occasionally gives trouble to the gardener, as the 
insect shows a partiality for ripe fruit and especially 
Grapes. In collecting, too, material for its nest, the bark 
of several trees is laid under contribution. Against this, 
however, must be set off its utility in destroying 
noxious insects like Aphides, Scales, and the larve of 
undesirable Moths. In neighbourhoods where Hornets are 
found, a bottle of sweetened liquid hung up in the trees or 
in the fruit-house will prove attractive to the insects, 
which are far from common. See Wasps, Vol. IV. 
Included under 
HORNET FLY (Asilus crabroniformis). A large 
dipterous insect, belonging to the Asilid#, sometimes 
known as Robber Flies and Hawk Flies. Their chief 
characteristics are: Head short and broad, eyes convex; 
month prolonged into a short, horny beak: antenne three- 
jointed, variable; palpi small; legs stout and_ strong, 
with usually large feet and thick, blunt claws; hind-body 
long and tapering; wings large and powerful. All the 
family Asilide are exceedingly voracious insects, capturing 
their prey alive, and then driving the horny beak into the 
victim, which may consist of anything from small Moths 
and Wasps to the fierce Tiger Beetles and the giant 
Dragonflies. The larve live in the soil, and subsist 
largely upon beetles. 
A. crabroniformis is a strikingly bold insect, and on 
account of its hairy covering and yellow-and-black dress 
it might at a superficial glance pass for a Hornet or even 
a Bee. This insect is found in many parts of England, 
especially near the coast, where we haye seen it hawking 
in gardens for prey. In Sark it is very common. The 
insects are extremely useful to the gardener and farmer, 
and should never be killed. They are harmless to man 
despite their formidable appearance. 
HORSE CHESTNUT, SMOOTH-FRUITED. 
See Pavia. 
HORSE GENTIAN. See Triosteum. 
HORSE MANURE. The droppings of horses are 
richer in nitrogen than those of either cows or pigs, but 
not so rich as those of sheep; they have a somewhat 
denser texture, and cohere but loosely. For this reason 
they are readily distributed through the soil, and quickly 
decay; hence the nutrient elements become rapidly fit 
for absorption and assimilation by plants. The solid 
excrements of horses are less lasting than those whose 
action is slower. 
HORSESHOE GERANIUM. 
zonale. 
HORSE THISTLE. See Cnicus. 
HORT. See Hortensis. 
HORTA. A synonym of Clavija (which see). 
HORTENSIS OPULOIDES. A 
Hydrangea Hortensia (which see). 
HORTICULTURE. The science of Gardening 
(which see). 
HOSE-IN-HOSE. A term employed when the calyx 
of a gamopetalous flower partakes of the form of the 
corolla, or when the corolla consists of two parts or 
whorls—a condition often found in the Primrose. 
HOST-PLANT. One which supports a parasite. 
HOTEIA. A synonym of Astilbe (which see). 
ee oo HEAD, See Stangeria para- 
oxa. 
HOULLETIA. To the species, &c., deseribed on 
pp. 153-4, Vol. II., the following should be added: 
H. Landsbergi (Landsberg’s). l. fleshy, 3in. across; sepals 
orange, with small red spots; petals smaller and notched; lip 
white, tinged with purple, narrow, with four horn-like lobes ; 
yeduncle purplish, stout, 4in. long. September. J. 12in. long, 
in. broad, strongly ribbed. Pseudo-bulbs lin. long. Costa 
Rica, 1891. Intermediate house. (B. M. 7362.) 
H. Lowiana (Low’s). Jl. yellowish-white to cream-colour, with 
some deeper sulphur-yellow at the base of the lateral wings of 
See Pelargonium 
synonym of 
Houlletia—continued. 
the hypochil, nearly as large as a crown piece, ivory-like in 
substance ; peduncles usually bent forward or sideways, one- 
to three-flowered. J. cuneate-oblong-lanceolate, acute, plaited, 
unequal. Pseudo-bulbs short-pyriform, with some longitudinal 
wrinkles, two-leaved. Colombia, 1874. 
H. odoratissima xanthina (yellow).* /., sepals and petals 
orange-yellow, the lip sulphur and white. 1884. A handsome 
variety. 
HOUSE FUNGUS. A popular name sometimes em- 
ployed for the destructive Merulius lacrymans (which 
see). 
HOUSTONIA. H. purpurea is the correct name of 
H. longifolia. H. serpyllifolia (of B. M.) is probably a 
form of H. cerulea. 
H. cerulea alba (white). 
HOVEA. Ineluding Plagiolobium, Platychilum, and 
Poiretia (of Smith). H. Celsi is the correct name of 
H. elliptica. 
A white-flowered variety of the type. 
Fic. 448. HowEA BELMOREANA. 
HOWEA. Thongh this genus of Palms boasts but two 
species, H. Belmoreana (Fig. 448) and H. Forsteriana, they 
are both so attractive that they shonld be represented even 
if only as room plants, for which the latter is preferable. 
Both are very popular species with the trade. 
HOYA. Including Plocostemma. To the species 
deseribed on pp. 155-6, Vol. Il., the following should be 
added : 
H. gonolobioides (Gonolobus-like). 7. brownish, rotate, with 
ovate, obtuse lobes, umbellate ; peduncles hispid. 7. membranous, 
cordate-ovate, acuminate, hairy on both sides. Stem fulvous- 
hispid, climbing. India (?), 1884. A distinet plant. 
H. Griffithii (Dr. W. Griffith’s).* 1. externally pale and rather 
dull rose-red, with yellowish edges, paler and yellowish within, 
with three faint pink stripes on each segment, lin. to Ijin. in 
diameter, numerous, umbellate on a stout peduncle, lin. to 14in. 
long. July. 7. in distant pairs, 4in. to 10in. long, very shortly 
petiolate, elliptic or oblong-lanceolate or oblanceolate. Stem 
flexuons, climbing. Eastern Bengal, 1885. (B. M. 6877.) A fine 
species. 
H. lasiantha (woolly-flowered). 7. yellow; corolla_reflexed, 
densely stupose within at base; umbels very long-pedunculate, 
terminal. July. J. ovate, shortly cuspidate, obsoletely veined. 
Borneo, 1858. (B. M. 5081, under name. of Plocostemma 
lasianthum.) 
H. Lauterbachii (Lauterbach’s). 1. dark brownish-red on 
the outer surface, emerald-green on the inner, large, and, as 
well as the leaves and stems, hairy. 1896. 
