LIST. A name for the woollen shreds employed in 
securing trees to a wall. 
LISTERA (named in honour of Martin Lister, an 
early and celebrated British botanist). Syn. Diphryllum. 
ORD. Orchidee. A genus embracing about ten species of 
hardy terrestrial Orchids, fonnd in Europe, Northern 
Asia, and America, and readily known from the small- 
flowered, spurless British Orchids by the two leaves borne 
at some distance from the ground, placed so near together 
as to appear opposite. Flowers green, small, in a slender 
raceme. JL. cordata and J. ovata are British plants. The 
species have little or no horticultural value. 
LISTROSTACHYS. Included under Angrecum 
(which see). 
LITA. Asynonym of Voyria (which see). 
LITCHI, or LEECHEE. These are the fleshy seeds 
of Nephelium Litchi. They have recently found their way 
into English markets, their sweet flavour and delicious 
scent being much appreciated. 
LITHAGROSTIS. A synonym of Coix (which see). 
LITHOSPERMUM. Ineluding Batschia (of J. F. 
Gmelin) and Pentalophus. LL. arvense, L. officinale, and 
L. purpureo-ceruleum are British plants. To the species 
described on p. 286, Vol. II., the following should be 
added. See also Alkanna. 
L. angustifolium (narrow-leaved). 7., earlier ones bright 
yellow, large and showy, the later ones smaller and eae 
pedicellate. June. JZ. all linear. Root thick and deep, 
abounding in violet dye. &. Qin. to 12in. or more. North 
America, 1812. An erect or diffusely branched perennial. 
Syns. Batschia longijlora, Pentalophus longiflorus. L. a. longi- 
Jjlorum has pale yellow flowers. 
L. Gastoni (Gaston’s).* jj. very deep blue, with a white eye. 
June and July. zk. lft. Pyrenees. 
L. graminifolium (Grass-leayed). jl. deep blue, drooping, 
disposed in terminal clusters; scape 6in. to 12in. long, wiry. 
June to August. Jl. tufted, Grass-like. Northern Italy, &e. 
Syn. Moltkia graminifolia. 
L. graminifolium (Grass-leaved), of Reemer and Schultz. A 
synonym of L. rosmarinifolium. 
L. rosmarinifolium (Rosemary-leaved). jl. bright blue, lined 
white, about jin. in diameter, terminal. June to September. 
7. narrow, lin. or more long. h. lft. to 2ft. Central Italy, &c. 
Evergreen, Syn. ZL. graminifoliwm (of Remer and Schultz). 
L. tinctorium (dyer’s). ‘The correct name of this plant is 
Alkanna tinctoria, 
LITOBROCHIA. Included under Pteris (which see), 
the correct name of L. Vespertilionis being P. incisa. 
LITSEA includes Tomez. 
LITTLE MILLET. ‘See Panicum miliaceum. 
LITTONIA. ‘To the species described on p. 287, 
Vol. II., the following variety should be added: 
L. modesta Keitii (Keit's). A very vigorous form, much 
more floriferous than the type. 1886. (R. G. 1237.) 
LIVER OF SULPHUR. A well-known fungicide, 
sometimes called Potassium Sulphide. 
LIVID. Lead-colonred, bluish-brown, or grey. 
LIVISTONA. There are few more decorative genera 
of Palms than Livistona, many species of which are 
grown for market, L. chinensis in particular; while in 
a young state some of them are amongst the most 
ornamental species known, L. rotwndifolia (Fig. 527) for 
example, All the species are, however, not equally 
robust. L. chinensis, already alluded to, and DL. australis 
are two species that may be readily grown in a cool 
house; but the species illustrated requires warmer 
treatment. To the species described on pp. 287-8, Vol. II., 
the following should be added: 
L. enervis (nerveless).* 7. deeply divided, flabelliform; seg- 
ments only jin. broad and very delicate in texture. 1891. 
Perhaps the same as ZL. inermis (SYN. Corypha decora, of 
gardens), which is a form of L. humilis. 
L. Leicharatii (Leichardt’s), A synonym of L. humilis. 
L. Ramsayi (Ramsay’s). A synonym of Licuala Muelleri. 
L. Woodfordii (Woodford’s).* ., spadix nearly 4ft. long, 
aniculate, fr. globular, jin. long, probably bright red. 
. long-petiolate, sub-orbicular, 1sft. long and nearly as broad ; 
lobes narrow, acuminate. A. 30ft. to 40ft. Polynesia, <A 
beautiful Palm. 
L. Drudei, L. subglobosa, and L. Woganii are also grown in 
the Kew Collection. 
Vol. V. 
1900 SUPPLEMENT—RECENT INTRODUCTIONS, &C. 497 
LLAVEA. Mexican Flowering Fern. Although an 
old inhabitant of our gardens, L. cordifolia is unfor- 
tunately seldom found in collections. The fact of its 
being generally grown in too warm a place, explains 
the speedy death of specimens which, under cooler 
treatment, would have lasted for years and increased in 
size and strength. The plant is of a thoroughly ever- 
green habit, and in an intermediate or temperate house 
forms a splendid subject, either grown as a pot plant 
or, better still, planted on rockwork or in any place 
where drainage is perfect, on the summit of a projecting 
“rock” for instance, in a mixture of peat and sand in 
about equal parts. A little crock-dust may with advan- 
tage be added to the compost, as this helps to keep 
the soil open, which seems the condition most essential 
to the welfare of the plant. It should be placed in a 
well-ventilated position, and syringing overhead should be 
carefully avoided. It is usually propagated by division 
of the crowns. 
LLOYDIA. L. alpina is now the correct name of 
L. serotina (Syn. L. striata). 
Fic. 527. LIvistONA ROTUNDIFOLIA. 
LOAM. A very broad and comprehensive term applied 
to soils of various characters. As usually understood by 
gardeners, Loam is the top spit from a pasture field. It 
is full of fibre, and is suitable for potting purposes and for 
making new Vine and other fruit-tree borders. It varies 
very considerably, and is known under different names. 
Black Loam is usually found in low-lying districts ; sandy 
Loam is pretty well distributed over the whole country, 
and though producing early crops, is of a hungry nature, 
requiring liberal manuring. The same applies to chalky 
Loam; but heavy Loams resting on clay or rock are 
more retentive, and though less easy to work, require 
less manure to keep them fertile, and when properly 
cultivated produce the heaviest crops of grain, fruit, or 
vegetables, and for plants like Roses such soil is the 
most desirable. 
LOASA,. To the information given on pp. 
Vol. IL., the following should be added : 
L. lateritia. The correct name is Blumenbachia lateritia. 
L. palmata (palmate). A synonym of Blumenbachia insignis. 
L. Pentlandii. The correct name is Blumenbachia Pentlandir. 
358 
288-9, 
