1900 SUPPLEMENT—RECENT INTRODUCTIONS, &c. 509 
Lygodium—continued. 
fall development of the plant; but if a wire basket 12in. 
or l4in. in diameter is used, and three plants are at the 
outset put in it, one between each chain, it will, in a 
remarkably short space of time, make a specimen that has 
no equal for elegance; for while some of the strongest 
shoots are trained upwards along the chains and in the 
centre of the basket, those of medium growth, by being 
allowed to hang all around the sides, will soon completely 
cover it. 
To grow L. palmatum well and to freely produce its 
handsome, fertile fronds, whose fructification, borne in 
miniature catkins, ripen about September, this species 
requires a very porous soil. The best mixture is good 
leaf-mould and chopped sphagnum in equal parts, with 
an abundance of water at the roots all the year round, 
but principally from March to September. 
Another species calling for special notice is L. poly- 
stachyum. Althongh very fond of moisture, it will not 
stand overhead syringing; and the same may be said of 
L. venustwm, which requires plenty of space for deyelop- 
ment. 
¥ 
Fic. 542. LyGopIuM SCANDENS. 
To the species described on pp, 308-9, Vol. IL., the 
following should be added : 
L. dichotomum rd bare A (many-fingered). An inte- 
resting crested form. 1894. 
L. flexuosum (bending). A synonym of ZL. dichotomum. 
L. lanceolatum (lanceolate). primary petiole short or obso- 
lete ; secondary about lin. long; pinnules 8in. to 12in. long, 
6in. to 10in. broad, with three or four uniform, coriaceous, 
glossy segments on each side, 4in. to 6in. long, jin. to lin. 
broad, all stalked, articulated at the rounded or cuneate (never 
cordate) base. spikes one to two lines long, disposed in close 
rows along the edges of the fertile divisions. Madagascar, 
A robust species. Syn. Mydroglossum madagascariensis 
L. pinnatifidum (pinnatifid).* primary petiole almost wanting; 
secondary often lin. long; pinnules Sin. to 12in. long, 6in. to 
12in. broad, with a ligulate-oblong terminal segment 3in. te 
6in. long, sin. to Zin. broad, and three or four like it on each 
side, usually rounded or cordate, articulated at base, the 
lower ones (or all) short-stalked, sometimes hastate or pinnate 
below. spikes one to three lines long, in close rows along the 
edge of the leafy segments. Himalayas, &c. 
L. scandens Fulcheri (Fulcher’s). caw. semi-terete, pale 
brown, producing short branches. fronds in pairs, 6in. to Yin. 
long, 4in. to 6in. broad, having four to six or more pairs of 
shortly petiolate pinne; sterile pinne oblong-lanceolate, 2in. 
to din. long; fertile ones usually shorter, the little spikelets 
of fructification projecting from the marginal teeth. 1882. 
Syn. Hydroglossum scandens Fulcheri. 
LYGUS. See Potato—Insect Pests. 
LYNCEA. A synonym of Melasma (which see). 
LYNGWORT. Sve Veratrum album. 
LYNXFLOWER. ‘See Stanhopea tigrina. 
LYONETIA CLERKELLA. A destructive species 
of Moth, belonging to the Vineidw, whose lary liye in 
long, irregular galleries in the foliage of Apple, Cherry, 
Pear, Birch, and Hawthorn, causing considerable leaf- 
dropping and debilitation of the trees affected. 
Moreover the pest is double-brooded, which considerably 
adds to the trouble. 
The Moths are in. in stretch of wings, and are found 
in June and again in October, and they pass the winter 
in this state concealed in crevices, &c. The fore-wings 
are of a shining white, with fuscous suffusions, brown 
spots, and brownish longitudinal markings, though these 
are not yery distinct. The hind-wings are dark grey. 
The larve are pale green, and when full-fed they assume 
the pupal state in an elongate, whitish cocoon suspended 
from the ends. 
The chief symptoms of attack are a brownish patchy 
appearance upon the foliage which has been ‘‘ mined.” 
Unfortunately remedies are ont of the question with 
insects feeding thus protected. When their presence is 
noted all that the fruit-grower can do is to collect all 
leaves which fall prematurely and burn them. Some 
growers have tried applications for preventing egg-laying 
in late spring ; but such have not proved of mnch practical 
value. ‘Trees known to have been attacked should be 
carefully examined in winter, and all perfect insects 
found should be destroyed. Where trunks are treated 
to a caustic potash solution in winter, numbers of the 
Moths are destroyed. 
LYONIA. To the species described on pp. 309-10, 
Vol. II., the following shonld be added. One or two 
plants formerly classed in this genus are now referred to 
Leucothoé. 
L. frondosa (leafy). <A form of L. paniculata, having leafy, 
paniculate flowering branches. 
L. paniculata is the correct name of L. ligustrina. 
L. rubiginosa (reddish). /l. white; racemes short, axillary, 
congested, ferruginous. July. Jl. coriaceous, ovate, 1l4in. long, 
acute at base, obtuse at apex, entire, shining and reticulate- 
veined above, the young ones lepidote-ferruginous beneath. 
St. Thomas’ Island, 1736. 
LYRATELY PINNATE. When the pinne become 
smaller towards the base of a leaf or frond. 
LYSIMACHIA. To the species described on p. 310, 
Vol. IL, the following should be added. See also 
Steironema. 
L. brachystachys (short-spiked). A synonym of ZL. bary- 
stachys. 
L. ciliata and L. lanceolata are now regarded as synony- 
mous with Steironema heterophyllum. 
L. davurica (Dahurian). A form or synonym of L. vulgaris. 
L. nemorum (wood-loving). The correct name of L. azorica. 
L. Nummularia aurea (golden).* A yellowish-leaved form, 
very useful for hanging-baskets, for trailing on the rockery, 
for window-boxes, and for covering the moist banks of the 
waterside. 
L. paridiformis (Paris-like). #. bright yellow, axillary. 
July. . ovate, tapering to both ends. Central China, 1891. 
A remarkable species, resembling Paris quadrifolia. (B. M. 
7226.) 
L. salicifolia (Willow-leaved). A synonym of L. ephemerum, 
