522 THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
MARICA. This genus embraces abont eleyen species, 
confined to tropical America. Stamens short, erect ; 
filaments distinct; pedancle flat and leaf-like, with one 
or few sub-sessile or pedunculate flower-clusters. To the 
species, &c., described on p. 328, Vol. II., the following 
should be added : ~ 
M. californica (Californian). A synonym of Sisyrinchium 
californicum. 
M. longifolia. /. yellow, barred and banded with brown, 2in. 
across; peduncle narrowly winged, lft. to 2ft. long, bearing 
three long-stalked clusters just below the tip. 7. green, ensiform, 
lin. broad. Rio Janeiro, 1828. Syn. Cypella longifolia. 
M. Northiana splendens (splendid).* A variety having 
flowers more brightly coloured than in the type. Brazil, 1895. 
(i. H. 1895, 40.) 
M. occidentalis (Western). jj. three in a cluster; outer 
erianth segments white, spreading, lin. long; inner ones in. 
ong, the concave base mottled with brown and the ovate tip 
with violet. July. J. five in an erect, fan-shaped cluster, 
ensiform, the central ones lft. long. Stem erect, more than 
lft. long, broadly winged. Peru, 1892. 
M. plicata (folded). A synonym of Elewtherine plicata. 
M. striata (striped). A synonym of Sisyrinchium striatum. 
M. vaginata (sheathed). A synonym of M. Northiana. 
MARICA (of Schreber). 
(which see). 
MARISCUS (a name applied by Pliny to a kind of 
Rush; perhaps from the Celtic mar, a marsh, in allusion 
to the habitat). Orb. Cyperacew. A large genus (160 
species) of Rush or Grass-like herbs, of variable habit, 
inhabiting warm regions, closely allied to Cyperus. 
Glumes persistent, the lowest two empty. For culture, 
A synonym of Cipura 
‘see Cyperus. 
M. ferax (fertile) is described as a tall-growing, Brazilian 
species, with very large inflorescences. 1895. SyNs. Cyperus 
distans, C. ferox. 
M. umbilensis. /., spikes in. to lin. long, cylindric, of many 
spikelets; bracts four to eight, as much as lft. to 2ft. long; 
umbel compound, Sin. to Yin. in diameter. 7. 14ft. to 2ft. long, 
din. to tin. broad. Stem 2ft. to 3ft. long, triquetrous at top. 
South Africa, 1891. Syns. Cyperus natalensis (of gardens), 
C. umbilensis. 
MARL. A form of carbonate of lime employed to 
improve the character of light, porous soils, and make 
them retentive of manure and moisture. See Manures, 
Vol. Il. 
MARMALADE PLUM. See Lucuma mammosa. 
MARQUISIA. 
see). 
MARREM GRASS. See Psamma. 
MARRUBIASTRUM. A synonym of Sideritis 
(which see). 
MARSH BEETLE. See Typha latifolia. 
MARSH FLEABANE. See Pluchea. 
MARSH SAMPHIRE. See Salicornia. 
MARSH VALERIAN. Sve Valeriana dioica. 
MARSILEA. To the species described on p. 330, 
Vol. II., the following should be added: 
M. quadrifolia (four-leaved). petiole 3in. to 6in. long; 
leaflets deltoid, glabrous, 4in. to jin. long, the outer edge 
rounded and entire. pedicels bi- or quaternate, Sin. to lin. long, 
erect, connate with each other, and adnate to the base of the 
petiole and upper part of the base of the conceptacle. 
coneeptacles roundish-oblong, jin. to din. long. sori sixteen to 
twenty. Central Europe, &c. A hardy, wide-creeping aquatic. 
M. salvatrix (saviour). A fora of WM. Drummondii, the 
difference being purely botanical. 
MARTAGON. Incladed under Lilium (which see). 
MART EMSIE: A synonym of Alpinia (which 
see). 
MARTINEZIA. To the species described on 
pp. 330-1, Vol. II., the following should be added: 
M. Aiphanes (Aiphanes). fl. white, on a simply-branched 
spadix, 1sft. long. jr. red; nut hard, black. 7. 5ft. long; 
pinne four pairs, opposite, cuneiform, premorse at apex, 
whitish-pubescent beneath, petioles prickly. Stem 30ft. high, 
6in. in diameter. Caracas. Syn. Aiphanes aculeata. 
M. corallina and M. leucophwa have also been introduced. 
A synonym of Coprosma (which 
rg rena A synonym of Jungia (which 
see). 
MARTYNIA. M. Craniolaria is correctly Craniolaria 
annua. 
MARUMIA (of Reinwardt). A synonym of Saurauja 
(which see). 
MASDEVALLIA. M. Dayana, M. gracilenta, and 
M. hypodiscus are now referred to Cryptophoranthus ; 
and M. anchorifera, M. brevis, M. gibberosa, M. pulvinaris, 
M. punctata, and M. swertiefolia are classed under 
Scaphosepalum. 
Masdevallias are not difficnlt to grow; in fact there 
are, perhaps, no Orchids more amenable to enltivation than 
the large and showy-flowered section of this species, to 
which belong M. coccinea (M. Harryana), M. Veitchii, 
M. militaris (ignea), and other of the species and hybrids 
of this class. ‘They require a cool, moist house in summer, 
with a temperature of from 45deg. to 50deg. in winter. 
Lower conditions than these may be allowed in cold 
weather, but with these the moisture in the atmosphere 
must be reduced and the plants kept drier at the roots. 
In the dull winter months, with a normal temperature, 
the moisture must be applied with considerable discretion. 
The climatic conditions outside being so changeable, cause 
considerable fluctuations inside the cool divisions of our 
houses. Sudden falls in the temperature when the plants 
are wet at the roots often induce spotting of the leaves, 
giving them that unsightly appearance so common in 
the foliage of the -large-flowered section of Masdeyallias. 
There are certainly no Orchids worthier of the attention of 
the amatenr than this section of the genns, all the 
species of which are best grown in pots. 
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Fic 564. MAasDEVALLIA CHIM£RA WALLISII. 
The Chimera (see Fig. 554), or small-flowered botanical 
section, need a warmer treatment during the winter 
season, and the temperature should not be allowed to 
drop below 50deg. They are best accommodated in 
baskets, and the small-growing section in pans, so that 
they may be suspended near the roof-glass. They do 
well with the other section during the summer months of 
the year, and should not be allowed to suffer from lack of 
moisture at the root at any time. 
M. Wendlandii is a tropical species, thriving best in 
a warm intermediate house temperature at all seasons of 
the year. The potting of the large-flowered section is 
best done in the months of August and September. The 
other sections should have attention in the early spring, 
