574 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Orchid Hybridisation—continued. 
vigorousness of the plants to be dealt with. There 
are pots about an inch in diameter that are most 
suitable for seedling Cattleyas, Dendrobinms, and such- 
like. Cypripedinms, which are stronger rooting and 
of more yigorous constitution, may be treated more 
liberally as regards pot room. We find it best to 
plunge the tiny pots into pans of peat, which are then 
suspended close up to the roof-glass. The pots are 
filled to about half their depth with clean, finely-broken 
crocks; the potting compost consisting of finely- 
chopped peat roots and sphagnum in about equal 
proportions, and a little rough sand or ‘broken charcoal 
may be added with advantage. After potting, the plants 
are thoronghly watered before being placed in their per- 
manent position, after which every encouragement is given 
to induce the plants to grow freely. ; 
As the plants advance, considerably more room will be 
annually reqnired. It is not advisable, when the plants 
have become attached to the receptacle, to turn them 
out of the pots at the period when repotting is required, 
especially when we are dealing with Cattleyas in the 
early stages. It is better by far to remove all decayed 
and undesirable matter, and replace the same with clean 
drainage. Next procure a pot or pan of the desired 
size, and place the plant with the pot attached to 
the roots into it; after filling in with liberal drainage, 
cover the remaining surface with the potting material, 
which should become coarser as the plant reaches maturity. 
( 
Fic. 611. OrcHID SEEDLINGS (Four Years). 
As the accompanying illustrations (Figs. 610 and 611) 
show, the plants, under favourable circumstances, make 
considerable advance after the first two years. The 
plants then may be more liberally treated; but one of 
the principal things to endeavour to prevent, as far as 
possible, is premature growth. If a plant commences a 
secondary growth immediately after, or perhaps before, 
the preceding growth reaches maturity, the chances are 
that a growth will be advancing during the whole period 
in which the plant should have been at rest. Th con- 
sequence of this will be (especially if premature growth 
commences in autumn) that neither of the pseudo-bulbs 
will be properly ripened, they will be prone to decay 
during the dull winter months, and the future well-being 
of the plant will be very doubtful and uncertain. It is better 
to remove the plants to cooler and more airy conditions 
when growth is completed, so that they may have the full 
advantage of the resting season, returning them to their 
growing quarters as soon as there are traces of renewed 
vitality in the early spring of the year. Insect pests will 
have to be held in check by frequently cleaning the plants 
with a soft sponge and fumigating the houses. Wood-lice 
may be trapped with hollowed-out potatoes. Slugs and 
snails may be caught at night by placing a little bran near 
where they frequent, and picking them off with the aid 
of a light. Cockroaches are poisoned, or caught in jars 
half-filled with treacle-water placed about the stages and 
near their haunts. 
ORCHIDOCARPUM. A synonym of Asimina 
(which see). 
ORCHIDOFUNCKIA. A synonym of Cryptar- 
rhena (which see). 
ORCHIS. Including Loroglossum. The British Flora 
embraces nine species, viz. : hircina (Lizard Orchis), 
O. latifolia (Marsh Orchis), O. lawiflora, O. maculata, 
O. mascula (Early Orchis), O. militaris, O. Morio (Green- 
winged Orchis), O. pyramidalis, and O. ustulata (Dwarf 
Orchis). To the species and varieties described on 
pp. 520-1, Vol. II., the following should be added: 
O. bicornis (two-horned). A synonym of Satyrium cucullatum. 
O. lactea is a form of 0. tridentata. 
O. latifolia. The Glasnevin variety has tall spikes of rich 
purple flowers, heavily spotted with blackish-purple. 1895, 
0. longicruris foliis-maculatis (spotted-leaved). In this 
variety the leaves are marked with large, irregular, brownish- 
purple blotches. 1884. (R. G., t. 1149, f. 3, under name of 
°O. undulatifolia foliis-maculatis.) 
O. maculata superba (superb).* oe rich mauve, spotted and 
blotched purple; spikes dense, about lft. long. May and 
June. J. dark green, spotted purple. A. 14ft. 1886, A vigorous- 
growing variety. 
©. monophyla (one-leaved). jl. resembling those of 
O. macilata in size and marking; peduncle 6in. long, bearing 
a loose raceme. J. one or rarely two, sub-erect, oblong, 4in. 
long, folded at base, green, with large, purplish-brown spots. 
Tubers oblong. Birma, 1898. Greenhouse. (B. M. 7601.) 
O. undulatifolia (wavy-leayed). A synonym of O. longreruris. 
O. coriophora, O. globosa, and O. incarnata are in cultivation 
in botanical establishments. 
ORDEAL BEAN (of Old Calabar). 
stigma. 
ORDEAL-TREE. See Tanghinia venenifera. 
ORDER. See Natural Order. 
OREODAPHNE (of Nattall). <A 
Umbellularia (which see). 
OREOPANAX. To the species described on p, 522, 
Vol. I1., the following should be added: 
O. capitatum (headed). J. elliptic, acuminate, long-petiolate, 
persistent. h. 12ft. South America, 1779. A vigorous shrub. 
Syns. Aralia capitata, Hedera capitata. 
O. jatrophefolium (Jatropha-leaved). 7. palmate or sub- 
digitate; lobes ovate-lanceolate, sinuated on the margins ; 
petioles cylindrical, 10in. to 12in. long. Stem eylindr 
branching only at the summit. Mexico. Greenhouse. Syn. 
Aralia jatrophefolia. 
O. nympheifolia (Nympha-leaved), (fl. inconspicuous, in a 
terminal panicle. l. of a beautiful green, long-petiolate, per- 
sistent, alternate, varying in length from 4in. to 12in., ovate, 
acuminate; nerves palmate, prominent beneath. Branches 
rounded. A. 6ft. to 12ff. A vigorous, greenhouse tree. SYN, 
Aralia nympheifolia (of gardens). 
O. Sanderianum (Sander’s). jf. small, in globose heads. 
i. mostly three-lobed but variable in form, of a firm, coriaceous 
texture; mid-lobe usually prominent, triangular. Guatemala, 
1892. In habit this species resembles Fatsia papyrifera. (G. C. 
1893, xiii, f. 67; R. G. 1893, f. 71.) 
O. xalapense. Monopanax Ghiesbreghtii is synonymous with 
this species. 
OREOPHILA. A synonym of Pachystima (which 
see). 
ORGYIA ANTIQUA. As stated in Vol. II., this 
is one of the worst pests against which gardeners have to 
contend. Not only does it destroy practically every kind of 
ornamental shrub and tree, but Ske frnit-bearing trees and 
bushes. The remedy, wherever it can be applied, is Paris 
Green diffused in a fine spray over the food-plants in spring. 
Much, however, may be done by way of prevention by 
searching for the cocoons in autumn and destroying those 
found, together with the adherent eggs, by burning. 
ORIGANUM. To the species described on p, 523, 
Vol. II., the following variety should be added : 
O. hybridum (hybrid). This plant is identical with 0. sipylewn. 
(G. C 1888, iii., p. 232, f. 37.) 
O. Maru nervosum (Maru, nerved), jl. pink; spikelets 
oblong, small, numerous. June. J. sessile, broadly ovate, 
almost entire, sin. to nearly lin. long, somewhat cordate at 
base. Stem erect, lft. high. Egypt, &e., 1823 
O. Maru (of Sibthorp). A synonym of 0. microphyllwm. 
See Physo- 
synonym of 
