576 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Osmanthus—continued. 
is readily carried on by means of cuttings taken off in 
autumn and dibbled in sandy soil on a shady border, and 
covered with hand-lights. Protection from the sun and 
frequent light waterings will be necessary for a few 
weeks. Plants may be quickly raised in February and 
March by grafting in heat on the common Oyal-leayed 
Privet ; but the latter are so objectionable in throwing up 
suckers that plants on their own roots are to be preferred. 
OSMUNDA. Flowering Ferns. Osmundas are easily 
cultivated, even in common garden soil; but if planted 
out, a spot should be selected for them by the side of 
water, so that, while the heads of the plants are fully 
exposed to the air, the roots may be kept constantly wet. 
If anyone will take the trouble to prepare for these 
magnificent Ferns a mixture of swamp mud and good 
loam, and will keep their roots supplied with abundant 
moisture, the result will be all that can be desired. If, 
however, there is any difficulty in procuring the materials 
just named, a mixture of turfy loam and fibrous peat 
will suit them very well, and the addition of a portion 
of river-sand will induce the development of roots, 
which will run in all directions, and thus insure the 
production of numerous robust fronds. Though requiring 
an abundance of water at the roots at all times of the 
year, the plants dislike being syringed overhead. The 
propagation of Osmundas is invariably effected by means 
of spores, which are produced in abundance and 
germinate very freely. If grown in pots, the Royal Fern 
must have good drainage and an abundant and continuous 
supply of water. 
To the species and varieties described on p. 580, 
Vol. II., the following should be added: . 
0. bipinnata (bipinnate).* rhiz. erect. sti. tufted, glossy, 
lft. or more in length. fronds bipinnate, 14ft. to 2ft. long, 
6in. to 10in. wide; pinne shining, coriaceous, 3ft. to 4ft. 
long, oblong-lanceolate, the upper ones barren and simple, 
the lower ones winged-stalked, with numerous oblong, closely- 
set, blunt, stalkless pinnules; fertile part consisting of three 
or four opposite pairs of pinn, with several pairs of pinnules 
4in. to sin. long on each side; fertile segments much con- 
tracted, covered with fructification. Hong Kong A handsome, 
greenhouse species. 
O. gracilis (slender). A form of O. reyatlis. 
O. japonica (Japanese). A form of O. regalis. 
O. regalis gracilis (slender).* A graceful form, the fronds of 
which sometimes come up tinted. SYN. O. spectabilis. 
O. r. japonica (Japanese). fronds, barren and fertile ones 
often quite distinct, the latter developed first and soon dis- 
appearing ; some of the lateral pinnze becoming fertile, while 
the terminal ones remain barren. Another variety is pur- 
purascens. 
O. spectabilis (remarkable). A synonym of O. regalis gracilis. 
OSSZHA. The correct name of O. fascicularis is 
Henriettella fascicularis. O. hirsuta is the proper name 
of Sagrea hirsuta (which see). 
OSTEOCARPUS (from osteon, a bone, and karpos, 
fruit). ORD. Convolvulacex. A monotypic genus from 
Chili, only differing from Nolana in the very hard, bony 
frnit (whence the generic name). The species is a green- 
house herb or under-shrub. It thrives in sandy loam, 
and may be increased from seeds, or by cuttings of the 
young wood. 
O. rostratus (beaked).* jl. azure-blue, bell-shaped, with pointed 
buds. Summer. J. scattered, linear, terete. Branches pubescent. 
A remarkably pretty sub-shrub. (R. G. 1884, t. 1175, a-e.) SyNs. 
Alona rostrata, Nolana rostrata. 
OSTEOMELES (from osfeon, bone, and Melon, an 
Apple; in allusion to the bony stones). Orp. Rosacezx. 
A genus embracing eight species of hardy or half-hardy, 
evergreen, branched shrubs or trees, mostly natives of 
the Andes, but also represented in China, Birma, the 
Sandwich Islands, &c., and closely allied to Amelanchier 
(which see for culture). Flowers corymbose, few or 
numerous, bracteolate. Fruit slightly fleshy, with five 
hard stones. Leayes alternate, petiolate, coriaceous, 
usually simple (in one species impari-pinnate), nerved, 
entire or serrated. Only one species calls for mention 
here. O. anthyllidifolia is an elegant, half-hardy, ever- 
green shrub, thriving in any fairly good soil. It may be 
increased by seeds or by cuttings 
Osteomeles—continued. 
0. anthyllidifolia (Anthyllis-leaved).* jl. white, fragrant, 
Hawthorn-like, about Zin. across, in short, sub-sessile, terminal 
corymbs ; petals obovate-oblong. Early summer. jr. dark red, 
globose, crowned by the calyx. February. J. 2in. to 4in. long, 
jin, to sin. broad, pipari pinnate leaflets in pairs, din. to 4in. 
long. Branches stout. h. 5ft. to 6ft, Eastern Asia and the 
Pacific Islands, 1892. (B. M. 7354.) 
OSTROWSKIA (named by Regel, in honour of the 
Russian botanist, Ostrowski). OrpD. Campanulacer. A 
monotypic genus. ‘The species is a very handsome and 
distinct, hardy, perennial herb, requiring a deep, light, 
rich soil to grow it successfully. 
O. magnifica (magnificent).* /. mauve-lilac, suffused with 
white, 5in. to 6in. across, on long stalks, disposed singly or 
in a terminal raceme; calyx with a series of linear pores at 
the base of the long, linear, acute segments; corolla cam- 
panulate, 3in. long and broad. J. in whorls, large, lanceolate, 
acutely toothed. h. 4ft. to 5ft. Turkestan, 1887. (B. M. 7472; 
G. C. 1888, iv., p. 65; I. H. 1889, 71; J. H. 1888, xvii., 
p. 53; R. G. 1887, p. 639; R. H. 1888, 344.) One of the finest 
of hardy perennials known. 
OSTRYA. ‘To the species described on p. 532, 
Vol. II., the following shonld be added : 
O. Knowltii (Knowlt’s). /. ovate, obtuse or acute at apex, 
obtuse or cuneiform at base, serrate-toothed, pubescent, 
smaller than those of O. virginica. h. 12ft. Arizona, 1863, 
(G. & F, 1894, i., f. 23.) 
OTACANTHUS. This genus is now regarded as 
monotypic (O. cxruleus). 
OTAHEITE APPLE. See Spondias. 
OTHLIS. A synonym of Doliocarpus (which see). 
OTHONNA. Including Ceradia. To the species 
described on pp. 532-3, Vol. IL., the following should be 
added. One or two plants formerly included hereunder 
are now referred to Euryops. 
O. amplexifolia (clasping-leaved). 
O. amplexicaulis, 
O. ciliata (ciliated). A synonym of Othonnopsis ciliata. 
QO. coronopifolia (Coronopus-leaved). jl.-heads, rays in many 
series; peduncles terminal, 3in. to 6in. long, one-headed. 
July to September. 7. lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, entire 
or few-toothed, 1l4in. to 2sin. long, acuminate, thick. Stem 
shrubby, erect. h. lft. to 2ft. 1787. 
O. cylindrica (cylindrical). /l.-heads, involucral scales eight or 
nine; peduncles terminal, bearing a several-headed, branching 
corymb, J. scattered, long-linear, lsin. to din. or more in 
length, semi-terete, spreading. 1818. A loosely-branched, forking 
shrub, 
O. digitata (digitate). /.-heads, florets many; involucral scales 
eight to ten, acute; peduncles 6in. to 8in. long, naked, one- 
headed. July to September. J. polymorphous; radical ones 
4in. to 6in. long, generally more or less lobed or toothed; 
upper ones 'stem-clasping, oblong or spathulate. Stem short ; 
branches sparsely leafy; root tuberous A. 14ft. 1822. Syn. 
Doria digitata. 
O. linifolia (Linum-leaved). ji.-heads solitary, terminal, on very 
The correct name of 
long pedicels. June to September. 7., radical ones 6in. to 
10in. long, long-linear or linear-lanceolate, rigid, ribbed and 
veiny. Stems scape-like, bifid, or twice or thrice forked, 8in. 
to 14in. high; root tuberous, 1824 
O. quinquedentata (five-toothed). jl.-heads, pedicels elon- 
ated, sub-umbellate; involucral scales seven or eight. 
. cuneate-oblong, Sin. to 6in. long, sessile, half-clasping and 
somewhat decurrent, thinnish but tough, five-toothed near the 
apex. Stem closely leafy below, loosely panicled at the 
summit, 3ft. to 4ft. high, robust, but not wocdy. 1830. 
O. retrofracta (bent back). (jl.-heads, involucre five-parted ; 
edicels one-headed, axillary, scarcely twice as long as the 
eaves. June to September. 7. oblong-lanceolate, cuneate at 
base, with a large tooth or lobe in the middle on each side. 
Branches divaricate or bent back. A. 2ft. 1828. Plant half- 
shrubby, erect, glabrous. SyN. Doria retrofracta. 
OTHONNOPSIS. To the species described 
p. 533, Vol. II., the following should be added : 
O. ciliata (ciliated). /l.-heads terminal, solitary, on naked 
peduncles 6in. to 8in. long; rays eight, long and broad. J. 1din. 
to 2in. long, tapering much at base, oblong, obovate or 
spathulate, undivided or incised-pinnatifid with short, broad 
on 
lobes, all ciliate-toothed. Stems many from the crown, 
trailing, several feet long. 1828. Sub-shrub. Syn. Othonna 
ciliata. \ 
OTOCHILUS. 0. porrecta is the correct name of 
_ the plant described on p. 534, Vol. IL., as O. fragrans. 
OTOPTERA BURCHELLII. A 
Synonym of 
“Vigna Burchellii (which see). 
