582 
THE DICTIONARY 
OF GARDENING, 
Papaver—continued. 
P. rupifragum (rock-breaking). (/. orange-buff, 3in. across, 
on long peduncles; sepals glaucescent. Summer. J. nearly all 
radical, oblong-lanceolate, acute, pinnatipartite. Rhizomes 
tufted, many-stemmed. Spain and Marocco. Perennial. 
P. r. atlanticum (Atlantic).* #1. orange-red or scarlet, 2in. to 
3in. in diameter. /. 6in. to 8in. long, oblanceolate, pinnate. 
Stems hairy, lft. to 2ft. high. Marocco, 1890. A showy Poppy. 
(B. M. 7107.) 
P. ruporient. 
by the name. 
P. setigerum is classed by botanists as a form of P. somni- 
Jerum (Fig. 616). 
P. spicatum (spicate). . brick-red, disposed in a long, spike- 
like raceme, the lower ones very shortly pedicellate, the rest 
sessile. Summer. J. oblong; radical ones narrowed to the 
petioles; cauline ones rounded at base, sessile, acutely toothed. 
Orient. A densely white-woolly perennial. 
P. umbrosum (shade-loving).* A variety of P. Rheas. 
Varieties. Of P. orientale and P. o. bracteatum there 
are some pretty garden forms, the best of which are: 
Beauty of Livermore, Brightness, Brilliant, Duke of York, 
Fire King, Pink Beauty, Precox, Prince of Orange, 
Princess of Wales, Royal Scarlet, Salmon Qneen, Silver 
Queen, Superbum, and Trilby. All are excellent for shrub- 
beries, clumps in grass, and for the wild garden. 
PAPAW of the United States. See Asimina triloba. 
PAPPERITZIA (so ealled after Papperitz, a friend 
of Reichenbach’s, who discovered Hymenophyllum tun- 
bridgense in Saxony). ORD. Orchidew. A monotypic 
genus. The species is a small, stove Orchid, of 
botanical interest, allied to Rodriguezia. For culture, 
see Burlingtonia. 
P. Leiboldi (Leibold’s). #. green, small, with yellow bristles 
on the sepals and petals and some yellow on the lip; dorsal 
sepal conic-gibberose, with a tail-like apex, the lateral ones 
connate; petals oblong, aristate-acuminate; lip connate with 
the base of the column, forming a blunt pouch at the base, 
closed by a high, three-toothed crest; racemes lax, pendulous. 
July. /. 2in. to Sin. long, linear, acuminate. Mexico, 1886. 
PARA CRESS. ‘See Spilanthes Acmella (Syn. 
S. oleracea). 
PARA NUT. See Bertholletia. 
PARA RUBBER. See Hevea brasiliensis. 
PARACARYUM. To the species described on 
p. 23, Vol. III., the following shonld be added: 
P. angustifolium (narrow-leaved).* jl. sky-blue; corolla 
more than twice as long as the calyx; racemes corymbose. 
1. hairy; radical ones crowded, linear and_linear-oblong ; 
cauline ones few, narrow-linear. Asia Minor, 1899. An elegant, 
small, tufted perennial. 
P. heliocarpum (sun-fruit). The correct name of P. anchusoides. 
(B. M. 7520.) : 
PARAFFIN. An excellent insecticide when carefully 
used. It is, however, difficult to mix with water. The best 
way of using Paraffin is in the form known as Kerosene 
Emulsion. See Insecticides. 
PARAGUAY TEA. See Ilex conocarpa. 
PARASITIC PLANTS. These are both numerous 
and varied as to form. They may consist of highly- 
organised subjects like Orchids, Mistletoes, Loranthi, 
&c.; of Ferns, Mosses, Lichens, Algw, and a host of Fungi 
of large size as well as others of microscopic proportions. 
PARDANTHUS. P. wepalensis and P. japonicus 
are garden varieties. 
PARDIA TRIPUNCTANA. See Rosa—Insects. 
PARING AND BURNING. Operations not very 
much practised now, as it is well known that they de- 
stroy all the humus and most ‘of the plant-food in the 
soil, thus leaving it poorer than it was before. At the 
same time the addition of burnt soil in moderation often 
improves land by acting mechanically upon it, making it 
more porous and easier to work. When it is desired to 
utilise Parings sfrom road-sides, ditches, or other soil 
infested with noxious weeds, it is an excellent plan to first 
burn the same, and so destroy all the objectionable matter 
before applying the new soil to the land. 
PARIS DAISY. See Chrysanthemum frutescens. 
A hybrid between the two species indicated 
PARIS GREEN. See Insecticides. 
PARIVOA. Included nnder Eperua (which see). 
PARLATORIA. A genns of Scale Insects, members 
of which are found in greenhouses in this country. ‘The 
best known species are P. pergandii, found upon Asters ; 
P. Zizyphi, very familiar upon imported Oranges ; and 
P. proteus upon Orchids. See Scale Insects. 
PARRYA. P.. macrocarpa (R. G., t. 1126) is the 
correct name of P. nudicaulis, and P. Linnzana is the 
correct name of P. arabidiflora. 
PARTED. Divided nearly to the base. 
PARTING. The Parting, or division, of many plants 
becomes a necessity when they are so congested that the 
growth is weak and the blossoms are unsatisfactory. 
Many herbaceous plants need Parting every two or three 
years to prevent overcrowding and ensure the best results, 
and the same applies to a number of stove and greenhouse 
plants. As a rule, the best time to part plants is when 
they commence to make growth, as then new roots are 
being formed, and the divided portions quickly seize upon 
the soil and make rapid progress. There are exceptions 
to the rule of the time of Parting, such, for instance, as 
in the case of Iris germanica. These are always most 
successfully divided immediately after they have flowered. 
Ponies, again, recover quickest if parted in September. 
See also Propagation, Vol. III. 
PARTRIDGE WOOD. See Oak Fungi, Vol. V. 
PASITHEA (named after Pasithea, one of the 
Graces, who was also called Aglaia). Orb, Liliacee. A 
menotypic genus. The species is a greenhouse, rhizo- 
matous perennial, requiring similar culture to Funkia 
when grown under glass. 
P. czrulea (blue). #7. pale purplish-blue, with darker stripes, 
star-shaped, lin. in diameter, shortly and slenderly pedicellate ; 
panicle erect, loosely racemose. April. /. narrow-linear, Grass- 
ike, long-acuminate, sheathing at base. Chili, re-introduced 
1889. Plant highly glabrous. (B. M. 7249.) 
PASSERINA. Several species formerly known by 
this name are now classed under Arthrosolen and 
Thymelza (which see). 
PASSIFLORA. To the species and varieties de- 
scribed on pp. 29-33, Vol. III., the following should be 
added : 
P. adiantifolia is now regarded as a species and not as a 
variety of P. Banksii. 
P. Buonapartea. A hybrid between P. alata and P. quad- 
rangularis. 
P. Campbellii (Campbell's). jl. bright red, with purple 
shadings on the inner side of petals, the outer side paler red 
and minus the purple tinge; corona prominent, the centre 
being whitish, merging into red towards the extremities of the 
filaments. /. deeply tive-lobed. A greenhouse variety of very 
vigorous growth. 
P. cardinalis (scarlet). 7. small, about the size of P. kermisina; 
colour of petals brick-red inside, pale green outside; corona 
deeply set and pale in colour. 2. entire. The ‘‘ Kew Hand- 
List” refers this to P. amabilis, and the latter is given as a 
native of Brazil. Burbidge’s ‘ Cultivated Plants,” however, 
says that it is a hybrid obtained by M. Schachter, of Loos-lés, 
Lille, the result of fertilising P. racemosa with pollen of P. alata, 
which seems to be copied from Dr. Masters’ ‘‘ Classified List 
of Passifloras,” Jour. Royal Hort. Soc., iv., 125. 
P. chelidonea (Swallow-wort-like), . greenish, 2in. in 
diameter. 7. oblong, bifid to a quarter of their length, with 
a short middle tooth, shining green above, pubescent and 
pale purplish beneath, rounded at base. Ecuador, 1879. (G. C. 
1879, xii., p. 40, f. 5.) 
P. europhylla (broad-leaved). . whitish and unattractive. 
l. very broad, oblong, rounded at the base, with two large 
glands and two divergent triangular lobes at the apex, dull 
green on the upper and purplish on the under surface. British 
Guiana, 1900, 
P. galbana (bright). jj, pale greenish or primrose-yellow, 
opening at dusk, closing in sunlight, 3in. across, fragrant ; 
sepals having a small horn below the apex. 2. entire, lanceolate, 
3in. jlong, cordate-oblong-lanceolate: petioles less than 4in. 
long: Branches slender. Brazil, 1896. Greenhouse. (G. C. 
1896, xx., p. 555, f. 97.) 
P. Im-Thurnii (Im Thurn’s). 1. erect, 4in. in diameter; sepals 
bright scarlet, oblong, glandular; petals ruse-coloured or 
almost white, smaller than the sepals. 7. broadly oblong, 
acute, leathery, glabrous above, setulose von the lower 
surface. Guiana, 1898. (G. C. 1898, xxiii., p. 305, f. 114.) 
