600 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
PHYSOSTEGIA. P. truicata is a synonym of 
Brasoria scutellarioides (which see). P. virginiana 
nana is a dwarf*form with many-flowered, bright pink 
racemes ; it is also known in gardens as P. Regelii. There 
is also a white form (alba). 
PHYSURUS. 'I’o the species described on p. 117, 
Vol. III., the following should be added: 
P. chinensis (Chinese). 
1. tufted, ovate, green, 4in. long. 
China, 1896. 
P. fimbrillaris (fringed).* /. white; sepals marked outside by 
a central line of pellucid glands; lip yellow at the tip, which 
is delicately fringed. 7. ovate, dark green, with silver veins. 
Brazil. 
PHYTEUMA. To the species described on p. 115, 
Vol. III., the following should be added: 
P. Balbisii (Balbis’s). 1. white, in an oblong-cylindrical spike 
fin. to lin. long. Summer. 7. sub-entire or sharply toothed ; 
radical ones petiolate, cordate, broadly ovate, acute; cauline 
ones few, sub-sessile, ovate, acuminate. Stem erect, 4in. to 6in. 
, high. Piedmont. 
P. Halleri (iUaller’s). fl. dark violet, in an ovoid-oblong head 
lin. to 14in. long, with two spreading or reflexed bracts. May. 
l., lower ones long-petiolate, cordate-ovate, acute, doubly 
fl. small, numerous on short scapes. 
Stem short. Iwantung, 
serrated; upper ones lanceolate, serrated. A, 6in. Alps, &e., 
1822. 
PHYTOLACCA. Including Pircunia. To the species 
described on p. 119, Vol. III., the following should be 
added : 
P. acinosa (full of kernels). #. 4in. across; racemes 2in. to 
6in. Jong, erect, many-flowered. /, elliptic-ovate or lanceolate, 
acuminate, 6in. to 10in. long, thinly succulent, narrowed into 
the stout petioles. Stems 3ft. to 5ft. high, stout, herbaceous, 
succulent. Temperate Himalayas, 1844. Some authorities class 
this as a form of P. decandra. 
P. arborea (tree-like). A garden name for P. dioica. “ 
P. decandra albo-variegata (white-variegated).* A form 
with variegated leaves. 1887. (R. H. 1887, p. 16, f. 2.) 
P. d. luteola (yellowish). ‘This form differs from the type in 
having the leaves pale yellow, striped and spotted with 
bright green. 1894. 
P. dioica (diccious).* fl. dicecious, spreading or spreading- 
reflexed; raceme 2in. to 3in. long, shortly pedunculate. /. like 
those of the Black Poplar (Populus nigra), 3in. to Tin. long, 
acuminate, recurved-mucronulate. Trunk 20ft. to 450ft. high. 
South America. Syns. P. arborea (of gardens), Pirewnia 
dioica. 
PHYTOMYZA ILICIS. See Holly-Leaf Fly. 
PHYTOPHTHORA. Spraying with Bordeaux Mixture 
has proved of great benefit in keeping in check that scourge 
of the Potato cultivator, Phytophthora infestans. If two 
sprayings were employed in conjunction with Jensen’s 
system of moulding, and the other precantions dealt with 
in Vol. III. were taken, the complaints as to the ravages of 
the disease would be fewer. With the farmer or the 
cultivator on a large scale there should be no difficulty, 
as a suitable spraying-machine shonld form part of his 
agricultural appliances. With the labourer, allotment 
holder, and small gardener, the case is different, as the 
cost of a sprayer would have to be seriously considered. 
Even this, however, need not deter the practical man 
from applying the fungicide: on the Continent such 
people get over the spraying difficulty with a very 
primitive appliance—namely, a bundle of heather, which 
is dipped in the solution, to be afterwards distributed by 
a mere jerk of the hand. Allotment holders conld also 
combine to obtain a sprayer, which would soon earn its 
cost by the improvement alike in the crop-yield and the 
appearance of the tubers when lifted. 
PHYTOPHTHORA OMNIVORA. 
PHYTOPTUS AVELLANZ. See 
Mite. 
PHYTOPTUS PYRI (Pear-Leaf Blister Mite). See 
Pear—Insects, Vol. III. 
PHYTOPTUS RIBIS. See Currant-Bud Mite. 
PIARANTHUS. P. pullus is now referred to 
Boucerosia as B.mammillaris. P. piliferus is a synonym 
of Trichocaulon piliferum. 
PICEA. To the species and varieties described on 
pp. 121-3, Vol. III., the following should be added: 
P. alba. Of this species there are many varieties, including 
cerulea (bluish-leaved), echinoformis (dwarf and _ bushy), 
See Fagus. 
Hazel-Bud 
Picea—continued. 
Sastigiata (pyramidal), intermedia (small-coned, short-leaved, 
glancous-farinose), pendula (drooping), and variegata (variegated 
with yellowish-white). 
P. alpestris (rock-loving). ‘This resembles P. execlsa, but has 
the young shoots velvety, with stiffer, shorter, thicker leaves, 
about Jin. to fin. long, and more distinctly four-angled. 
Swiss Alps. 
P. Breweriana (Brewer's). /. five to twelve lines long, one- 
half to one line broad, rounded or slightly keeled above, 
stomatose beneath on each side the prominent midrib, obtuse. 
cones slender, 3in. long, with thin, entire scales. Branchlets 
long, drooping, whip-like, puberulous. A. 80ft. to 90ft. North 
California, 1886. This tree somewhat resembles P. eacelsa. 
(G. C. 1886, pp. 497-8, f. 93.) 
P. czrulea (blue). A form of P. alba. 
P. californica (Californian). A synonym of Tsuga Pattoniana. 
P. concolor (one-coloured). A synonym of Abies concolor. 
P. Engelmanni (of gardens). A synonym of P. pungens. 
P. ericoides (Heath-like). 7. short, pale green. <A distinct 
and pretty Fir, the origin of which is unknown; it is of 
pyramidal outline, and forms a densely-branched, small tree, 
with slender branches. 
P. excelsa. White Deal. 
may be noted ; 
P. e. capitata (headed). A singular variety of the Spruce. 
“The bulk of the plant forms a globular mass, from which 
project, like pins from a pin-cushion, relatively long branches, 
The following additional varieties 
each bearing a head-like mass of leaves at the top.” 1889. 
(R. G. 1889, p. 333, f. 103. 
P. e. cincinnata (curly-headed). 7. of a rich green. Branches 
horizontal ; branchlets drooping. 
P. e. compacta (compact).* 
distinct. 
P. e. diffusa (diffuse). 
rockeries. 
P. e. dumosa (bushy). A neat, much-branched, pyramidal, 
low tree, rather slow in growth. 
P. e. mutabilis (changeable).* A handsome variety, dis- 
tinguished from the type by the bright lemon-yellow tint 
assumed by the young growths in spring. 1887. 
P. e. reflexa (reflexed). A garden variety with pendulous 
branches. 1890. (R. G. 1890, p. 259, f. 73.) 
A vigorous form. 
Very attractive, compact, and 
A dwarf-growing form, well adapted for 
P. e. viminalis (twiggy). J/. short. Branches very long, 
slender, flexuous, reflexed, pendent. 1889. (R. G. 1889, f. 26.) 
P. e. virgata (twiggy). This is identical with the form 
monstrosa. 
P. jezoensis is synonymous with P. ajanensis. 
P. Menziesii. The correct name is P. sitchensis. 
P. Morinda is the correct name of P. Smithiana. 
P. nigra Doumetti (Dounett’s). /. glaucescent, violaceous, 
slender, small. Branches small, numerous. A compact, conical 
variety. 
P. n. fastigiata (pyramidal). 
P. n. rubra (red). Red Spruce. 
America, 1755. SYN. P. rubra. 
P. obovata Schrenkiana (Schrenk’s). 
P. Schrenkiana. 
P. orientalis aurea (golden).* In this fine variety the leaves 
close to the main stems are of a deep bronzy-green, while 
those elsewhere are of a bright golden hue. 1893. 
P. o. nana (dwarf), A garden variety of pyramidal habit, 
depressed and enlarged at the base. 1891. 
P. o. pygmeza (pigmy). /. whitish or variegated, stiff, acute. 
P. Parryana (Parry’s). A synonym of P. pungens. 
P. polita (neat). The correct name of Abies polita. 
P. pungens. Recky Mountain Bine Spruce. ‘‘ White, glabrous 
branchlets, stouter [than those of P. Engelmanni], in old 
specimens somewhat flattened, spiny-pointed leaves, blue in 
young trees and in the young growth of old trees; the cones 
are much longer and paler [than in Hngelmanni), the bark 
thick, crooked, and greyish; leaves of seedlings somewhat 
denticulate’”’ (Engelmann). <A tall tree. (G. C. 1883, p. 725, 
f. 130; Nov. 7, 1891, pp. 547, 549.) Syns. P. Engelmanni (of 
gardens), P. Parryana. 
a n argentea (silvery). J. of a bright, silvery-glaucous hue. 
7. very short. Habit pyramidal. 
This is merely a dwarf form. 
The correct name of 
P. p. glauca (glaucous).* A strikingly beautiful, glaucous 
form. See Fig. 633, for which we are indebted to Messrs. Veitch 
und Sons. pendula is a drooping form of this. 
P. rubens (red). cones ovate-oblong, early deciduous, lin. to 
24in. long, borne on short, incurved stalks; scales rounded. 
i. very slender, dark yellow-green, tetragonal, standing out from 
all sides of the branch, sin. to gin. long, very lustrous at 
maturity. Branchlets pubescent. Bark reddish-brown. h. 70ft. 
. 
