630 
Quercus—contin ued. 
scarcely persistent. Mexico (where it attains: 30ft. to 50ft.). 
A rather tender tree, only assuming the dimensions of a 
shrub in our Southern districts. 
Q. lanuginosa (woolly). /. not large, sometimes sub-sinuate, 
sometimes pinnate or pinnatifid, above sparsely pilose, at 
length glabrous, pale-tomentose beneath; petioles fin. to }in. 
long. Europe and Western Asia. Deciduous. Formerly 
classed as a form of Q. Robur, to which it is related. 
Q. laurifolia (Laurel-leaved).* Water Oak. /., catkins 2in. 
to 3in. long. March and April. fr. sessile or sub-sessile, 
generally solitary ; cup saucer-shaped, reddish-brown, hairy- 
pubescent; nut sin. long, nearly ovoid. 7. oblong-oval or 
oblong-obovate, sometimes faleate, narrowed and acute or 
rarely rounded at base, acute or bristly at apex, entire, 
usually 3in. to 4in. long and jin. broad, changing to yellow 
in autumn; those on vigorous branches sometimes unequally 
lobed; petioles jin. long. hk. sometimes 100ft. North 
America, 1786. 
Q. Leana. Lea’s Oak. By its characters and by the foliage 
of the second generation, Dr. Asa Gray considers that this 
is pretty clearly a hybrid between Q. imbricaria and Q. coccinea 
tinctoria. North America. Deciduous. 
Q. lobata (lobed). Valley Oak. J., catkins hairy, 2in. to Sin. 
long. April. jr. solitary or in pairs, sessile or sub-sessile ; 
cup iin. to nearly lin. long, pale-tomentose; nut conical, 
ljin. to 2{in. long, with a thick umbo at apex. J. thin but 
firm, 24in. to 4in. long, oblong or obovate, deeply lobed, pale 
and pubescent beneath; lobes seven to eleven, the terminal 
one somewhat three-lobed; petioles broad, hairy, jin. to sin. 
long. h. sometimes 100ft. California. Deciduous. 
Q. lusitanica (Portuguese). jr. sessile or shortly pedunculate, 
solitary or few; nut twice to four times exceeding the 
greyish-velvety cup. J. sometimes persistent, oboyate-oblong 
or obovate, very variably toothed or lobed. hk. 40ft. Medi- 
terranean region, 1824. A very polymorphous, rather tender 
species. 
Q. 1. Boissieri (Boissier’s). 
Sant td and deeply crenate-serrate, the lobes 
sub-acute ; petioles jin. to sin. long. 
Q. 1. petiolaris (prominently-petiolate). J. 
toothed or entire; petioles 4in. to lin. long. 
Q. macedonica (Macedonian). fr. large, sessile, solitary or 
in twos and threes; cup hemispherical, pubescent; nut 
included or shortly exserted, edible. 2. 2in. to din. long, 
somewhat coriaceous, glabrous, rounded or  truncate-sub- 
cordate at base, denticulate or crenate-repand ; petioles very 
short. Orient, 1892. Deciduous. 
Q@. marilandica (Maryland). Black Jack; Jack Oak. 
ji., catkins hairy, 2in. to 4in. long. May. Jr. solitary or in 
pairs, usually on stout stalks; cup enclosing one-third to 
two-thirds of the nut, which is oblong, light yellowish-brown, 
about fin. Jong. 2. 3in. to 8in. long, 2in. to 8in. broad, 
broadly obovate, dilated and often three- or rarely five- 
lobed at apex, rusty-pubescent below, turning brown or 
yellow in autumn; petioles stout, yellow, sin. to Zin. long. 
h. 20ft. to 50ft. United States. Syn. Q. ferruginea. 
Q. Michauxii (Michaux’).* Basket Oak; Cow Oak. _jl., catkins 
slender, hairy, 3in. to 4in. long. May. /r. solitary or in 
pairs, sessile or nearly so, stout-stalked ; cup hoary-tomentose, 
enclosing one-third of the nut, which is bright brown, sweet, 
lin. to ljin. long. JU. 6in. to 8in. long, broadly obovate or 
oblong-obovate, cuneate or rounded at the broad or narrow 
1. oblong, rarely entire, often 
obtuse or 
usually few- 
base, undulate-lobed, tomentose or pubescent and often 
silvery-white beneath, turning rich crimson in autumn; 
petioles tin. to lsin. long. A. sometimes 100ft. Southern 
United States. 
Q. minor (lesser). A synonym of Q. stellata. 
Q. Mirbeckii (Mirbeck’s). 7. rarely acute at base, usually 
obovate or elliptic, obtuse or acute, often Sin. long and 1jin. 
to 2in. broad, crenate or toothed. This is usually regarded 
as a variety of Q. lusitanica, SYN. Q. Sang. 
Q. nigra Barroni (Barron's). A synonym of Q. Kelloggii. 
Q. palustris Reichenbachi (Reichenbach’s). In this variety 
the leaves are red from their first opening. 1896. 
Q. pedunculata argenteo-variegata (silver, variegated). 
A pretty variegated variety of the type. 
Q. p. asplenifolia (Asplenium-leaved). 
P. pedunculata filicifolia. 
Q. p. atropurpurea (dark purple). 
purascens. 
Q. p. comptonizfolia (Comptonia-leaved). J. cleft into 
numerous short divisions. It is also known in gardens as 
Fennesii. 
Q. p. Doumeti (Doumet’s). 
A synonym of 
A synonym of Q. p. pur- 
7. cut to the midrib into elongated 
lobes, more or less undulated and twisted. 1894. (R. H. 
1894, f. 3.) 
Q@. p. elegantissima (most elegant), A synonym of 
Q. p. variegata. 
Q. p. Fennesii (Fennes’). A synonym of Q. p. comptonicefolia, 
THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Quercus—continued. 
Q. p. foliis-aureis (golden-leaved). 
cordia. 
Q@. p. nigra (black). 
pruinose. 
Q. p. pectinata (comb-like).* 7. deeply cut, graceful, light and 
elegant. Also known as pinnata. 
Q. p. pinnata (pinnate). A synonym of Q. p. pectinata. 
Q. p. pubescens (downy). 7. more or less pubescent beneath. 
Branches velvety. France. 
Qa. P. salicifolia (Willow-leaved). 7. elongated, lanceolate, 
entire. 
Q. p. scolopendrifolia (Scolopendrium-leaved). 
the fronds of a tiny Hartstongue Fern. 
a. P. umbraculifera (umbrella-bearing). A variety of broadly 
globose habit, raised from acorns of Q. p. fastigiata. 1896. 
Q. Phellos-velutina (hybrid). A synonym of Q. heterophylla. 
Q. phillyrzoides (Phillyra-like). jr., cup whitish-tomentose, 
saucer-shaped, much shorter than the nut. J. elliptic or 
obovate-oblong, l4in. long, obtuse at base, entire or serrated 
towards the apex, coriaceous; nerves and petioles fuivous- 
velvety. Branches secund. Japan. Evergreen. SYN. Q. rotunda 
(of gardens). 
Q. platanoides (Platanus-like). A synonym of Q. bicolor. 
Q. pontica (Pontic). ., catkins borne below the leaves, long, 
pendulous. jr. small; nut sub-globose, twice as long as the 
scaly cup. J. 5in. to 6in. long, elliptic, coarsely toothed, 
glabrous above, paler beneath. Branchlets highly glabrous. 
Pontic Mountains, Asia Minor, 1891. A deciduous, dwarf 
shrub or tree. (R. G. 1891, p. 509, f. 95.) 
Q@. prinoides (Prinus-like). Chinquapin Oak. j., catkins 
hairy, 1jin. to 2sin. long. May. jr. sessile or short-stalked, 
profusely borne ; cup hoary-tomentose, enclosing half to two- 
thirds of the sweet, chestnut-brown nut, which is 4in. to jin. 
long. J. 3in. to 6in. long, usually obovate-oblong, cuneate at 
base, undulate-toothed, softly pubescent and often silvery- 
white below, turning bright orange and scarlet in autumn; 
petioles stout, {in. to Zin. long. United States. 
Q. Prinus acuminata (taper-pointed). Yellow Chestnut Oak. 
Jr., cup hemispherical, thin, of small, appressed scales; nut 
seven to nine lines long. /. Chestnut-like, slender-petiolate, 
often oblong or even lanceolate, usually acute or pointed, 
obtuse or rounded at base, sharply toothed. North America, 
1822. A medium-sized tree. 
Q. pseudo-coccifera (False Kermes Oak). r., cup hemi- 
spherical; nut ovoid, often jin. to lin. long. 2. oval or 
elliptic, acute, spiny-toothed, cordate at base, very shortly 
petiolate, glabrous above, larger than those of Q. coccifera (to 
which this species is closely allied). A. 15ft. to 18ft. Central 
and South Europe. According to C.S. Sargent, this evergreen 
species is the most abundant tree of Syria. To it belongs the 
famous Oak of Mamre, known as David's Oak. (G. & F. ii., 
p. 602, f. 153.) 
Q. pumila (dwarf). Running Oak. 7, catkins villous, 2in. to 
3in. long. April. jr. sessile or nearly so, usually solitary ; cup 
red-brown-scaly, saucer- or cup-shaped; nut sub-globose, dark 
chestnut-brown, about sin. long. J, lin. to 4in. long, oblong, 
elliptic, lanceolate, or oblong-obovate, usually entire, coated 
below with pale pubescence, fatiing in the spring; petioles 
rarely din. long. A. 10ft. to 12ft. North California, &c. A 
shrub, spreading by underground stolons and forming huge 
thickets in its native places. 
Q. rotunda (round). A garden name for Q. phillyreoides. ‘ 
Q. rubra. There are two varieties—aurea (golden-leaved) and 
pendula (drooping). 
Q. Sang (Sang). A synonym of Q. Mirbeckii. 
Q. Schochiana (Schoch’s). A hybrid between Q. Phellos and 
Q. palustris. 1892. 
Q. sclerophylia is identical with Q. Turneri. 
Q. serrata. Of this species there is a drooping variety, 
pendula. 
Q. sessilifiora. The following forms are in cultivation, 
though some are rare: afghanistensis, alnoides (Alder-leaved), 
Devoniana, dschorochensis, falconbergensis, tberica, laciniata 
(deeply cut), mespilifolia (with pretty, narrow, Willow-like 
leaves; should be grown in a moist soil), pendula (drooping), 
and variegata (variegated). The, form cueullata is identical 
with cochleata. 
Q. Tauzin. A synonym of Q. Toza. 
Q. texana (Texan). Red Oak. 7., catkins slightly pubescent, 
Zin. to 3in. long. May. Jr. sessile or short-stalked, usually 
solitary ; cup light-brown-scaly, tomentose ; nut oval, abruptly 
narrowed and rounded at base, light brown, sometimes 
striated, sin. to liin. long. J. 2sin. to 6in. long, obovate, trun- 
cate or cuneate at base, deeply pinnatifid-lobed with broad, 
rounded sinuses, the lobes sinuate-toothed at the usually broad 
apex, usually turning dark vinous-red in autumn; petioles 
reddish, lin. to 2in. long. United States. (G, & F. 1894, 
p. 514, f. 81-2.) 
A synonym of Q. p. Con- 
1. blackish or wine-red, glaucous and 
4. resembling 
