- 1900 SUPPLEMENT—RECENT INTRODUCTIONS, &c. 651 
ST. MARKE’S FLY (Bibio Marci), A common 
dipterous insect, whose larva is credited with some 
damage to the roots of corn and grass. The larve 
somewhat resemble spiny caterpillars, and have a very 
hard head, Feeding as they do at the roots of plants, 
they are not readily reached. The popular name has 
been bestowed because of the appearance of the flies 
about St. Mark’s Day. The colour differs considerably 
in the two sexes, the male being black and the female 
yellowish. 
SAINTPAULIA (named in honour of Baron Walter 
yon Saint Paul, the discoverer of the plant). Op. 
Gesneracee. A monotypic genus. The species is a 
charming, stove, stemless, hairy-pubescent perennial, with 
the habit of Ramondia pyrenaica. It is easily raised 
from seed, sown as described for Begonia. If sown in 
March, the plants will flower profusely in August. 
S. ionantha (violet-flowered).* jf. nodding, cymose, on stout 
peduncles ; corolla violet-blue, sub-rotate, bilabiate, lin. across, 
the nee lip two-lobed and much the smaller. July. J. 14in. 
to 2in. long, ovate- or oblong-cordate, obtuse, crenate; petioles 
short and stout. Eastern tropical Africa, 1893. (B. M. 7408; 
G. C. 1893, i., f. 104; R. G. 1893, f. 103; R. H. 1893, f. 103.) 
S. i. grandiflora violacea is larger and deeper in colour than the 
ire. S. 7. albescens has white flowers delicately tinted with 
light blush-pink. S. i. purpurea is a very dark variety. 
| 
| 
) 
t 
Fic. 661, SaGITTARIA MONTEVIDENSIS. 
SALACIA. To the species described on p. 343, 
Vol. III., the following should be added: 
S. scabra (rough). jl. green, in axillary and terminal, 
dichotomous panicles. fr. spherical. 1. ovate-oblong, almost 
entire, veined and rough on the under-surface. Guiana. 
SALADING. In addition to the plants named in 
Vol. III., p. 343, as suitable for Salads, the following 
should be named: Celery and Celeriac, Corn Salad, 
Cucumbers, Dandelion, Nasturtium, Onions, Purslane, 
evipion, Salsafy, Shallots, Sorrel, and Watercress, all of 
which are more or less appreciated. 
SALIX. Willows, when well chosen, make most 
effective pictures in the landscape, especially in winter, 
when their vari-coloured stems stand ont prominently 
amidst usually sombre surroundings. Later in spring the 
catkins are also decorative. 
To the species and varieties described on pp. 345-7, 
Vol. III., the following should be added. A number of 
varieties formerly described as species are mentioned under 
8. phylicifolia. 
S. acutifolia is an acute-leaved form of S. daphnoides. 
S. alba argentea (silvery).* A silvery variety of the beautiful 
type. SYN. S. regalis, 
S. a. britzensis. An ornamental variety, having the young 
shoots of a purplish-red. 1879. Syn. S. vitellina britzensis. 
There is another variety, argentea (silvery). 
S. ambigua (ambiguous), jf., catkins shortly stalked or 
sub-sessile; scales silky-pilose. Late spring. /. lin. to 2in. 
long, oblong-obovate or -oblanceolate to oblong-elliptic, with 
a short, recurved point, serrated or nearly entire, rugose, dark 
green, shining, or glaucous or cottony-hairy beneath. Branches 
ascending or procumbent. A. lft. to-3ft. Europe (Britain). 
(Sy. En. B., t. 1555.) There are three or four yarieties. 
S. americana pendula (pendulous). A garden name for two 
distinct kinds of Willow—S. elegantissima and S. purpurea 
pendula. 
S. amplexicaulis (stem-clasping). A form of S. pendula. 
S. amygdalina (Almond-like). A form of S. triandra. 
S. aurita (eared). Round-eared Willow. 7., male catkins closely 
sessile, but much smaller than in S. Caprea (to which this is 
nearly allied); females sin. long when in flower. Early spring. 
7. lin. to 2in. long, orbicular to oblong, more wrinkled than in 
S. Caprea. Plant more bushy. Europe (Britain), &e. 
S. babylonica Salomoni (Salomon’s). A graceful and rapid- 
growing form. Other varieties are annularis (Ringlet Willow) 
and Napoleona (Napoleon’s Weeping Willow). 
S. balsamifera (balsam-bearing). (f., catkins dense, lin. to 
lsin. long, the males very silky, with rosy scales, the females 
less silky, becoming lax in fruit. J. 2in. to 3in. long, lin. to 
lsin. broad, acute or acuminate, broadly rounded or sub- 
cordate at base, of a rich reddish colour when’ young, 
becoming dark green above, paler or glaucous beneath, 
Siabrows h. 4ft. to 10ft. Eastern North America, 1888, 
Shrub. 
S. basfordiana (Basford). A variety of S. fragilis. 
S. blanda (pleasant). 7. 3in. to Sin. long and less than lin. 
broad. A fine Weeping Willow; it is a hybrid between 
S. babylonica and S. fragilis. 1893. 
S. candida (white). Hoary Willow. #., catkins cylindrical, 
close-flowered, the females lsin. to 2in. long at maturity. 
April. 7. narrow-lanceolate, acuminate or the lowest obtuse, 
the upper surface and the young branches covered with a 
thin, web-like wool, which is whiter and denser beneath. 
Stem 2ft. to 5ft. high; twigs reddish. North America, 1811. 
S. chlorophylla (green-leaved). /l., fertile catkins dense, short, 
eylindrical. fr. silky, very short-stalked. 7. oblong-lanceolate 
or oblong, mostly entire, obtuse or acutish at apex, lin. to 
2in. long, shining green above, pale or glaucous beneath, 
coriaceous when old. North America, 1888. A spreading bush, 
only a few inches high. 
S. cinerea is now classed as a species and not as a variety 
of S. Caprea. S. aquatica, S. Medemii, and tricolor are forms 
of this. 
S. cordata (heart-shaped). /., catkins lateral, appearing with 
the leaves, leafy at base. May and June. 7. 2sin. to 6in. 
long, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, cordate, truncate, or even 
acute at base, acuminate at apex, sharply toothed, smooth, 
paler beneath ; stipules often large, reniform or ovate. North 
America. A shrub or small tree, of which the following are 
varieties : glaucophylla, rigida (myricoides), sericea, and vestita. 
S. cuspidata is now accorded specific rank. See under 
S. pentandra. 
S. elegantissima (most elegant).* Something in the way of 
S. babylonica, having long, pendent branches, often tinged 
with a russet tint; the habit is more spreading and the crown 
larger. It is a free grower. SyN. S. americana pendula (of 
gardens), 
S. fragilis basfordiana (Basford).* /., male catkins yellow, 
2hin. long, the females l4in. long. 7. long, narrow-lanceolate, 
acute, serrated. Bark of a brilliant orange, passing to red 
on the terminal twigs. 1882. The female tree is also known 
as S. sanguinea. (G. C. 1882, xvii., 298, f. 41-2, under name 
of S. basfordiana.) ‘The form Jatifolia has broader leaves than 
the type. © 
S. gracilistyla (slender-styled).* ., catkins 14in. to 3in. long. 
l. bold, broadly lanceolate, thickly nerved. Japan and North 
Cua 1897. A handsome Willow, with crowded, prominent 
uds. 
S. Helix (Helix). A variety of S. rubra. 
