THE DICTIONARY OF GARDENING, 
Silene—continued. 
S. gallica is the typical form of S. anglica. 
S. juncea (Rush-like). The correct name of S. picta. 
S. maritima. Witches’ Thimble. In addition to the double 
variety, there is a form with pink flowers. 
S. pendula alba (white). A variety with white flowers. 
S. p. compacta, Of this there are single and double forms 
with white, pale and dark rose, and red flowers, and one with 
yellow leaves. 
S. p. ruberrima Bonnettii (Bonnett’s very red). jl. of a 
bright carmine-rose. Stems, branches, and leaves strongly 
tinted with purple. Plant wholly glabrous. 
S.picta. The correct name is S. juncea. 
S. Pumilio (dwarf).* . pink, 1Jin. across, solitary, on slender 
penieall's calyx oblong-campanulate ; petals undivided. June. 
. linear, obtuse, ciliated. Stems tufted, simple. Tyrol, &c., 
1823. A beautiful, very dwarf rock plant, of which there is 
also a white-flowered form. 
S. rupestris (rock-loving). The correct name of S. alpestris. 
S. Saponaria. A synonym of Saponaria officinalis. 
S. Zawadzkyi (Zawadzky’s). l. white, in dichotomous racemes ; 
limb of the petals orbicular, with two appendages. May and 
June, /., radical ones rosulate, lanceolate, acute; cauline 
ones very narrow. Stems erect. h. 6in. to 8in. Galicia. 
SILPHIUM. ‘To the species described on p. 4385, 
Vol. III., the following should be added : 
S. albiflorum (white-flowered). _/l.-heads sessile in the axils or 
stoutly pedunculate, 34in. across; involucre sub-globose; ray 
florets pale straw-coloured or creamy-white, narrowly oblong, 
bifid. September. J. ovate, pinnatifid or bipinnatifid, coria- 
ceous, the uppermost ones linear; lobes linear, 2in. to Sin. 
long. Stem simple, 2ft. to 4ft. high. Texas. Plant clothed 
with short prickles. (B. M. 6918.) 
S. integrifolium (entire-leaved). /l.-heads somewhat corym- 
bose, nearly all shortly pedunculate. Summer and autumn, 
July and August. 7. entire or denticulate, ovate-lanceolate ; 
upper ones closely sessile, partly amplexicaul, acute at apex, 
3in. to Sin. long, glabrous to cinereous-pubescent. Stem smooth 
or scabrous, sometimes rough-hispidulous. 
S. terebinthinaceum pinnatifidum (pinnatifid). 
cut or pinnatifid. 
SILVA. ‘See Sylva. 
SILVER-FIR LEAF DISEASE (Acunthostigma 
parasiticum). A very distinct fungoid disease, characterised 
by the perithecia being spherical, and covered with 
radiating hairs, as suggested by Hartig’s generic name 
of Trichospheria. The needles of affected trees wither and 
die, and may be found hanging from the partially-killed 
shoots by means of a’ white mycelium. Though chiefly 
confined to the Silver Fir, it occasionally attacks other 
Conifers, especially those growing amidst damp sur- 
roundings. Alike in Britain, on the Continent, and in 
America, the disease is prevalent. Though so far no remedy 
has been offered, yet, by removing and burning the affected 
portions, something may be done towards staying the 
progress of the disease. 
SILVER-LEAF OF PEACH. ‘Se 
Fungi. 
SIMARUBA [the correct spelling]. To the species 
described on p. 436, Vol. III., the following should be 
added : 
S. Tulz. jl. bright carmine, about Jin. in diameter; branches 
of the corymb (as.well as the petioles) purple-tinted. J., leaflets 
elliptic-oblong, shortly pointed. Porto Rico, 1889. (R. G. 
1889, 1298.) 
SINNINGIA. 8S. Caroline is the correct name of 
S. barbata. An interesting bigeneric hybrid, called 
Gloxinia Tapeionites, was raised in 1892, in a 
Continental garden, between a spotted Glowvinia and 
8. barbata (Tapeionites Caroline). 
SINUOUS. Flexuons; undulating. 
SIPHOCAMPYLUS. The correct name of 
S. coccimeus is Centropogon coccineus. 8S. fulgens is now 
regarded as specifically distinct from 8. Humboldtianus. 
S. lewcostomus is a form of S. coccineus. 
SIPHONOPHORA LACTUCZ. 
Injurious Insects, Vol. II. 
SIREX. Of this genus, 8. gigas and 8. juvencus are 
now fairly well-known insects, occurring in many parts of 
England, though frequently records are from districts and 
1, deeply 
Peach— 
See Lettuce— 
Sirex—continued. 
places that lead one to suppose that the insects have 
emerged from wood used in bnildings, or more frequently 
perhaps as shoring material for pits ; usually, too, it is the 
males only that are seen. Thongh formidable-looking, 
especially S. gigas (Fig. 676), owing to its size, the strong 
ovyipositor, and boring apparatus, and the general colour 
and markings approximating to that of Wasps, the insects 
Fic. 676. HORN-TAILED SAWELY (Strex gigas). 
are nnable to inflict any injury upon man. We mention 
this because it is no rare in new houses to find one of these 
insects flying and making a loud humming noise. 
Whether or not they are to be considered pests is an 
open question. ‘Those we have haye heard of and seen 
have been in trees already decayed, and we do not 
remember to have found the insects in thoroughly healthy 
ones. A full description of these Wood Wasps, as they 
are sometimes called, will be found in Vol. TIL. p. 439, 
SIRRASTYLIS. Sce Serrastylis. 
SISYRINCHIUM. There are fifty-eight known 
species of this genus. Many plants formerly classed 
hereunder are now referred to Bobartia, Calydorea, 
Eleutherine, Homeria, Libertia, Orthrosanthus, 
Solenomelus, Symphyostemon, Trimezia, Xc. 
SKIMMIA. To the species; &c., described on 
pp. 440-1, Vol. III., the following should be added: 
S. Fortunei (lortune’s). This is the correct name of the plant 
described in Vol. III. as S. japonica (Hort.), and B. M. 4719 
(not Thunb.). 
S. japonica (Japanese), of Thunberg. The correct name of 
S.oblata. The following names, which are somewhat confusingly 
employed in trade catalogues, are regarded either as seedling 
varieties or as sexual forms of this species: S. Foremani, 
S. fragrans, S. fragrantissima, S. intermedia, S. oblata ovata, 
S. oblata Veitchii, and S. Rogersii. 
SKINNERA. Included under Fuchsia (which see). 
SLEEP. A condition of plants, generally found at 
night, characterised by the flowers closing and drooping, 
and by the leaves folding. 
SLEEPING DISEASE OF TOMATO (Fusarium 
lycopersicz). The chief symptom of this disease is the 
entire collapse of the plants—a whole house may succumb 
that but a short time previously gaye no outward sign 
that anything was amiss. The disease is not amenable 
to treatment. ‘The whole of the plants should be burned, 
the soil treated with lime, and the house washed with a 
fungicide. 
SLEVOGTIA. A synonym of Enicostema (which 
see). 
Fic. 677. MatuRE SLUGWORM LARVA. 
SLUGWORMS. Eriocampa limacina larvee (Fig. 677) 
are found in yery large numbers upon Pear, Apple, Plum, 
Cherry, and other trees. In addition to the remedies 
suggested in Vol. III., freshly-slaked lime freely dusted 
