34 



The Dictionary of Gardening, 



2!schyii02ueiie — continued. 

 Ord. Legmninoso'. Stove herbs and shiabs, with impari- 

 pinnate ieaves, haring many pairs of leaflets, and axillary 

 racemes of usually yellow flowers. They thrive well 

 in a good rich loam. Propag-ated by cuttings, placed in sand 

 under a bell glass, in a brisk heat. Seeds of the herbaceous 

 species require a good heat to start them into growth. The 

 annuals are not worth growing. There are about forty other 

 species known besides those mentioned, some of which may 

 prove worthy of cultivation when introduced. 

 JE, aristata (awned). A synonym of Pictatia arista! t. 

 JE. aspera (rnush stemmed), fl. yellow ; racemes compovind ; 

 peduncles, liraL'tfUs, calyces, and corollas, hispid. June. (. with 

 thirty U, fnrtv pairs of linear leaflets, which (as well as the 

 legumes) are smooth. Stem herbaceous, erect. h. 6ft. to 8ft. 

 East Indies, 1759. I'erennial 

 JE. sensitiva (sensitive).* fl. white; legumes and racemes 

 slabrous; peduncles branched, few-flowered. June. '• ^^"'tj' 

 si.\teen to twenty pairs of linear leaflets. Stem smooth, h. 3ft. 

 to 6ft. .Jamaica, 1735. Tbis shrub re |uires a sandy soil. 



JESCULUS (a name given by Pliny to a kind of oak 

 having an edible fruit ; derived from esca, nourish- 

 ment). The Horse Chestnut. Ort>. Sapindacea. A genus 

 of hardy showy trees, well adapted for lawns or parks, 

 having a beautiful appearance when in flower. They will 

 do well in any soil, but the more loamy the better. In- 

 creased by layers, put down in the spring, or by grafting or 

 budding on the common horse chestnut. Seeds, where pro- 

 curable, should be sown singly in rows in spring, where they 

 may remain until they are of suflicient size to be perma- 

 nently planted out. This genus is distinguished from Pavia, 

 in having its capsules echinated, i.e., covered with prickles, 

 like a hedgehog ; but this character is not always con- 

 sistent. 



JE» carnea (flesh-coloured). Synonymous with j4J. rubiciaida. 

 iEf. glabra (smooth-leaved).* Ji. greenish yellow ; corolla of four 

 spreading petals, with their claws about the length of the calyx ; 

 stamens longer than the corolla. June. (. with five leaflets, 

 very smooth ; foliage larger than the common species, h. 20ft. 

 North America, 1821. y yns, A. ohioensis, A. pallida. 

 JE. Hippocastannm (Common Horse-Chestnut). fl. white, tinged 

 with red, on very handsome terminal racemes, which are pro- 

 duced in great profusion ; petals five. April and May. _ I. with 

 seven obovately-cuneated, acute, toothed leaflets. Asia, 1629. 

 This, the common horse chestnut, is well known by the beautiful 

 parabolic form in which it grows, and during the period of its 

 flowering no tree possesses greater beauty. It has two or three 

 unimportant varieties, differing in the variation of their leaves, 

 and one also with double flowers. These are increased by grafting 

 only. 

 JE, ohioensis (Ohio). A synonym of A. glabra. 

 JE, pallida (pale-flowered). A synonym of A. glabra. 

 JE. rubicunda (red-flowered).* /(. scarlet, in very fine terminal 

 racemes ; petals four, havin«' the claws shorter than the calyx ; 

 stamens eight. June. I. with five to seven obovately-cuneated, 

 acute, unequallv serrated leaflets, h. 20ft. North America, 

 1820. This is a very distinct and beautiful tree when in flower, 

 and does not attain so large a size as -i.\ Hippocastanum. SYN. 

 .J-], carm'a. 



SSTIVATION. The manner of the folding of the 

 calyx and corolla in the flower bud. 



JETHIONEMA (from aitho, to scorch, and nema, a 

 filament; apparently in allusion to some tawny or burnt 

 appearance in the stamens). Ord. Cruciferce. A genus 

 of elegant little plants, distinguished from allied genera in 

 having the four larger stamens winged, and with a tooth. 

 Herbs or sub-shrubs, perennial or annual, branched from 

 the base, diffuse or erect. Flowers in crowded terminal 

 racemes. Leaves fleshy, sessile. They are well worth culti- 

 vating in sunny situations, where they form a freer flower- 

 ing habit than when growing in a wild state. Some of the 

 more hardy species may be planted on rock work, which, by 

 their dwarf growth, they are well adapted for. The annual 

 and biennial species may cither be sown on rockwork or in 

 the front of the flower-border. A light dry soil sirits them 

 best. The shrubby kinds of this genus should be kept in 

 pots, which should be well ilrained with potsherds, and 

 treated like other alpine plants. Propagated by seeds, sown 

 in May ; or by cuttings, planted in summer. 



i£tliioiieiua — eontmued, 

 JE, Baxbanmli (Bauxbaum's). fl. pale red ; racemes crowded. 

 aggregate. June. I. oblong-spathulate, glaucous, h. 6in. Thrace, 

 1823. A pretty annual, witli erect branched stems. SVN. Thlaspt 

 arabicum. 



% 





,«S- 



FiG. 57. jEthionema coridifoliom, showing Habit andFlowers. 



JE. coridifolium (Coris-leaved).* fl. rosy lilac, small, in ter- 

 minal ilense rounded racemes. June. I. linear, glaucous, crowded. 

 Asia Minor, 1871. A pretty perennial, shrubby below, with erect 

 stems 6in. to 8in. high. See Fig. 37. 



JE, gracilo (slender), fl. purplish ; racemes crowded, terminal ; 

 when in fruit, loose. June. I. lanceolate, pointed, h. Sin. 

 Branches and branehlets slender, elongated. .Sandy hills in Car- 

 nioLa, 1820. Shrubby perennial. 



Fig. 58. ^Uniio.N'UMA grandiflouum, showing Habit and Flowers. 



JE, grandiflorum (lar^e-flowered).* fl. of a warm shaded rose ; 

 racemes crowded, terminal, numerous. May to August. I. ovate- 

 oblong, glaucous. Mount Lebanon, 1879. This perennial species 

 forms a spreading bush about l^ft. high, and is perh.aps the 

 handsomest of the genus. It succeeds well in the ordinary 

 linrtler, l>ut is far better suited for the rockery. See Fig. 38. 



^. membranaceum (membranous-podded), fl. purjilisli, in 

 terminal racemes. June. (. linear, distant, somewhat fleshy, 

 strictly apprcssed. li. 3ill. to 6in. Persia, 1828. A small shrub, 

 with liliforni lu-anches. 



JE. monospermum (one-seeded), fi. purple, largish, in ter- 

 minal racemes. July. (. oval or obovate, blunt, coriaceous ; 

 pods one-celled, one-seeded, h. 5in. to 6in. Spain, 1778. A 

 pretty little biennial, with hardish branches. 



JE. pulcbellum (pretty).* This is said to be a new species, but it 

 much resembles .£. coridifolium. It is scarcely in full cultiva- 

 tion yet. but it proves one of the hardiest as well as one of the 

 most handsome kinds. 



.'E, saxatilis (rock).* fl. purplish ; racemes loose, terminal. 

 .May and June. /. lanceolate, acutish. U. 8in. .Spain, 1820. A 

 pretty annual. 



AFRICAN ALMOirS. St Brabejum. 



AFRICAN BLADDER NUT. St Royena lucida. 



AFRICAN FLEABANE. Nt- Tarchonanthus. 



AFRICAN HAREBELL. Set- Roella ciliata. 



AFRICAN LILY. See Agapanthus. 



