114 



The Dictionary of Gardening, 



Armerla — contvnued. 



A. junipexifolia (Juniper-leaved).* Jl. deep rose, in small densely 

 piukcd heads. May and June. l. ishort, stiff, erect, Juniper-like. 

 Jl. 6in., with a denso tufted hahit. Si)ain, 1818. Plant in a wami 

 well-drained portion of the rockery in very sandy soU, with some 

 nodules of .sandstone intermixed. 



A. latifolia (broad-leaved). Synonymous ■with A. cephalotcs. 



A. leucantha (white-flowered). A white-flowered variety of A. 

 plaiita'jinea, 



A. marltixna (sea). Synonymous with A. vulgaris, 



A maurltanioa (Mediterranean). Synonymous with A. cepka- 

 lotes, 



A, plantaginea ^Plantain-leaved).* Jl. bright rose; scapes taller 

 than in A. vulffaris. I, broader, three to five-nerved, and with a 

 stouter growing habit than the common species, h. 1ft. South 

 Europe, 1818. A very pretty species. Svns. A. leucantha, which 

 is frequently called A. yj. alba, and A. scorzoneroifolia. 



A. pseudo-armeria (false-Armeria)- Synonymous with A. cepha- 

 lotcs. 



A. scorzoners0folia(Scorzonem-Icaved). Synonymous with A. 

 plantagiiiea. 



A, setacea (bristly).* Jl. light rose, in small heads about 2in. 

 high, very freely produced from the axils of the leaves. April to 

 June. I. in dense rosettes, erect, or nearly so, narrow, acute, the 

 tufts having a bristly appearance, h. Sin. South Europe. Plant 

 in a semi -perpendicular cranny of the rockery, with, a sunny 

 position. 



A. vulgaris (common).* Common Thrift ; Sea Pink. jl. pink, rosy 

 red, lilac, or white (the latter known as A. v. alba), collected into 

 a rounded head on the top of the simple scape. Jime to August. 

 I. all radical, numerous, linear, usually one-nerved, more or less 

 pubescent, h. 6in. to 12in. Britain, on the sea coasts. A. v. alpina 

 IS a dwarf alpine form of this species. The white-flowered variety 

 is very handsome. A. v. Lauclieaiia is also a pretty form, with 

 deep pink flowers in dense heads about 6in. high, and a very 

 tufted habit. Crimmn Gem., of garden origin, is stronger grow- 

 ing, with stems about 9in. high, carrying heads of bright crimson 

 I)ink flowers, also of tufted habit. Syms. A. mwritinui, Statice 

 Ariaeria. 



ARXEBIA (its Arabian name). Ord. Boraginaceos. 

 Handsome hardy herbaceous perennials or annuals, allied 

 to Lithos'perm.wni. Cuttings should be removed with a 

 heel in autumn, dibbled in sandy soil in small pots, and 

 placed in a cool house, where thoy wiM ultimately, though 

 slowly, root ; they should then be gradually hardened off, 

 ^.nd finally planted out. .4. echioides is also easily in- 

 creased by making cutting's of the strong" roots, which 

 should be dibbled in pots of sandy soil, and placed in gentle 

 heat ; it is also raised from seed. 



A. echioides (Echium-like).* Jl. bright primrose yellow, with a 

 purplish sjiot in the sinuses between the lobes of the corolla, 

 which gradually disappears in a few days ; spikes terminal, large, 

 solitary, secnnd. May. I. sessile, alternate ; margins— as well as 

 the stems— ciliated. /(. 9in. to 12in. Armenia. One of the 

 showiest of hardy perennials for the border or rockery. 



A GriffitWi (Griffith's). This differs from above in having 

 narrower leaves, ratlier smaller flowers, which are of a more de- 

 cided yellow, a dirt'erently shaped calyx, and a longer corolla. 

 k. 9in. North-west India. EqusUly desirable, were it a perennial ; 

 but, being an annual, it must lie constantly raised from seed. 



ARKICA (from ariiahis, lambskin ; in reference to the 

 texture of the leaves). Ord. Composita;. Hardy, dwarf, 

 herbaceous perennials, allied to Senecio. They thrive best 

 in loam, peat, and sand ; the idants are best divided in 

 spring. Seeds should be iirocurcd when possible, and 

 sovpTi in a cold fra-me. in spring. The only species worth 

 growing are dcHcribed below. 

 A. Aronicum. Synonymous of A. scorpioides, 

 A. Chamissonis (Chamisso'a).* Jl.-heads yellow, l^in. to 2in. 

 acniss, arranged in a corymb. July to September. I. oblong- 

 l:inceoIate, acumitiate or acute, tomentose, tapering to the base. 

 Jl. 1ft. to 2ft. North America. A rather scarce, showy species. 

 A. Clusii (Clusius's). Jl.-hcaih yellow, solitary, terminal; stalks 

 king, thickened towards the top, and covered with long hairs. 

 Summer. I. soft, radical ones entire, or nearly so, oblong, obtuse, 

 atteniiated into the petiole ; cauhne ones sessile, half stem- 

 chisping, laneeolate, toothed in the lower part. h. 1ft. Switzer- 

 land, 1819. Syn. Doronlcam Cluaii. 

 A. foliosa (leafy).* Jl.-headu pale yellow, about lin. across, from 

 three to seven in a corymb. August. I. lanceolate, stalked, 

 acute, denticulate, smooth, h. 1ft. to 2ft. Stems springing from 

 slender rhizome-like slioots. United States. Closely allied to 

 A. iiioiitana. It requires a damp situation. 

 A, inontana(nniuntain).* Mountain Tobacco. Jl.-ltpada yellow, 

 thrt'u or fimr together, about 2in. in diameter; ray florets nmne- 

 reus. July. I. radical, except a few on the scape, obloug-lanceo- 



Arnica — continued. 



late, entire, smooth. Habit tufted. h. 1ft. 

 very handsome but rarn jdant 

 slowly increased. See Vm. 150. 



Europe. 1751. A 

 excellent for a rotkery. It is 



^V^V^i^ 



it 



Fig. 150. Arnica Montana, showing Habit and Flower-head. 

 A, scorpioides (scorpion-like).* JL-heads yellow, large, solitary ; 

 scape one to three-flowered. Summer. I. pale green, denticu- 

 lated ; radical ones tin long petioles, broadly ovate ; the lower 

 stem leaves shortly stalked, amplexicaul ; the upper ones sessile. 

 A, 6in. to 12in. South Europe, 1710. Border. SYNS. ^1. Aronicuvi, 

 Aruiticttin ticorpioides. 



ARNOFOGON. See Urospermum. 



AROIDE.3:, See Aracesa. 



AB.ONIA. See Cratssgus Arouia and Pyrus. 



ARONICUM. See Arnica scorpioides and Doro- 

 niciun. 



ARFOFHTIiLUM (from arpe, a scimitar, and 

 phyllon, a leaf ; the leaf is sword- shaped). Ord. Or- 

 chidem. Distinct evergreen epiphytes. There are about 

 six species known, and the genus belongs to the Epidendrecu 

 division of orchidaceous plants ; their general character.^ 

 are : Flowers small, numerous, in closely packed cylindrical 

 spikes; anther-bed broad, shorter than the broad extension 

 of the upper edge of the stigma; poUinia eight. Stems 

 rather long, with white sheathe. They thrive well in 

 fibrous peat, one-third turfy loam, freely interspersed with 

 lumps of fresh charcoal and an abundance of crocks. When 

 growing, a liberal supply of water at the roots is essential, 

 as is also a situation near the light, where they will blossom 

 much more profusely than if in any way shaded. The 

 flowers last in perfection about four weeks. 



A cardlnale (cardinal). II., sepals and petals light rose ; lip deep 

 red, on upriglit spikes about 1ft. high. Summer. New Grenada. 



A giganteum (gigantic).* _fl. dark purple and rose, densely and 

 synuuetrically arranged on the cylindrical spikes, which are from 

 liiin. to 14in. long. April and May. I. dark green, about 2ft. long, 

 borne on slender pseudo*bulbs. Mexico. 



A spicatum (spike-flowered).* Jl. dark red, on an upright spike 

 about 1ft. long. During winter. Guatemala, 1839. 



ARRiACACHA (its Spanish name in South America). 

 Ord. VmbeUiferw. A half-hardy tuberous perennial, highly 

 esteemed as an eseulent in South America, where it yields 

 a food, which is prepared in the same manner as potatoes, 

 and is said to be grateful to the palate and extremely easy 

 of digestion. It thrives best in rich loam, and is in- 

 creased by divisions of the roots. 

 A. esculenta Cedible). Jl. white ; umbels opposite the leaves or 



terminal ; involucre wanting. July. I. pinnate ; leaflets broadly 



ovate, acuminated, deeply pinnatitid, profoundly serrated ; the 



two lower leaflt^s jtetiolute, sub-ternate. h. 1ft. to 2ft. Moini- 



tainous districts <if Northern Houth America, 1823. Svn. Ci'iuiini 



Arracarha. 



ARRKOSTOXYLUM. Included under Knellia 

 (which nee). 



ARROW ARTTm. See Peltandra virginica. 



ARROWaRASS. sv. Trig-lochin. 



ARROW-HEAD. See Sag-ittaria. 



ARROWROOT. See Maranta. 



