182 



The Dictionary of Gardening, 



Berberis — continued. 



mucrone at the apex, paler beneath, spiny-ciliated ; spines three- 

 parted, unequal, h. 10ft. Ncpaul. A variety of aristata. 



B, Fortunel (Fortune's).* Jl. smaU, in terminal clustered racemes. 

 ?., leaflets about seven, linear-lanceolate, distant, with numerous 

 small spiny teeth, lower pair remote from the base of the petiole. 

 China. 



B. glumacea (glumaceous). A synonym of B. nervosa. 



B. iberica (Iberian), f., racemes many-flowered, pendulous. 

 Spring, i- o}jovate-ol)lonp,', quite entire ; spines simple and three- 

 parted, h. 8ft. to 10ft. Iberia, 1818. 



B. ilicifolia (Holly-leaved). /?., peduncles short, four-flowered ; 

 pedicels tduni;;itod", soniewliat ivjiymbo^^e. July. I. ovate, tapering 

 at the liasi', coarselyand spinuluj^ely toothed ; spines three-parted. 

 k. 2ft. to 3ft. Tierra del Fuego, 1791. (B. M. 4308.) 



B. japonica (Japanese).* Jl., racemes in terminal clusters, Sprinj;, 

 I., leaflets usually nine, about Sin. long, quite sessile, broadly 

 cordate, or rotunilate at tlie base, oblique, with about five long 

 spiny teeth, and a terminal one, the lowest pairs close to the base 

 of the petiole. China and Japan. Very distinct, with unbranched 

 stems and leaves about 1ft. long. Ji. Beali and B. intermedia 

 are mere forms of this species, the latter differing from it in 

 having narrower leaves and longer, slender racemes. (B. M. 4852). 



B. loxensis (Loxanese). Jl. unusually small, erect, in panlcled 

 racemes on a long peduncle quite clear of the leaves. I. very 

 shining, blunt, obovate ; sides often with several teeth ; spines 

 small, palmated. h. 3ft. to 4ft. Peru. Evergreen, not hardy. 

 (P. F. G. 1, p. 13) 



Fig. 244. Berberis nepalensis. 



B* nepalensis (Nepaulese).* Jl. yellow; racemes few, elongated, 

 slender. I. 1ft. to 2ft. long; leaflets five to nine pairs, obovate- 

 oblong, cuspidate, rounded" at the base^ repand-toothed, with five 

 to ten spiny teeth on each side, tricuspidate at the apex. h. 4ft. 

 to 6ft. Neiiaul. A very handsome species, thriving best in the 

 southern parts of England. Syn. Mahonia nepalensis. See 

 Fig. 244. 



B. nervosa (large-nerved). Jl., racemes elongated. October. 

 I., leaflets five to six pairs, with an odd one, the lower pair 

 distant from the petiole; ovate, acuminated, remotely spiny 

 toothed, somewhat three to five-nerved, with twelve to fourteen 

 teeth on each side. h. 1ft. to 3ft. North America, 1826. Syks. 

 B. (jhimacca, Mahonia iiervosa. (B. M. 3949.) 



B. repens (creeping).* _/?., racemes terminal, numerous, fascicled, 

 diffuse, rising from the scaly buds. Spring. I., leafiets, two to 

 three pairs, with an odd one, roundish-ovate, opaque, spiny 

 toothed, h. 1ft. to 2ft. North America, 1822. Syn. Mahonia 

 rejjens. (B. R. 1176.) 



B. ruscifolia (Ruscus-leaved). Jl. a little larger than those of 

 B. vulgaris ; peduncles short, bearing four to five flowers at the 

 fipex. I. oblong, tapering at the base, mucronate, entire, or 



Berberis — continued. 



grossly and spiny toothed, h. 4ft. to 8ft. South America, 1821 

 Half-hardy. 

 B. sinensis (Chinese).*/., racemes many-flowered, nodding. May. 

 I. oblong, obtuse, entire, or the lower ones are a little toothed ; 

 spines three-parted, fi. 3ft. to 6ft. China, 1815. (B. M. 6573.) 



Fig. 245. Berberis stenophvlla, 

 Flowering Twig. 



lowing Habit and 



B* Stenophylla (naked-leaved),* with narrow mucronate leaves, 

 is said to he a hybrid between B. empetrifolia and B. Darwinii. 

 See Fig. 245. 



B. trifoliata (three-leafleted). Ji., racemes small, axillary, 

 sessile, three to five-flowered. Spring. Z., leaflets three, sessile 

 at the ends of the petioles, deeply scalloped, bluish-green, varie- 

 gated, glaucous beneath, h. 5ft. Mexico, 1839. Evergreen, not 

 quite hardy. (P. F. G. 2, 168.) 



B. trifurcata (three-forked). /?., racemes compound, erect. 

 Spring. I. pinnate ; leaflets broad, three-forked, h. 6ft. China, 

 1850. Evergreen. (P. F. G. 3, 258.) 



B. umbellata (umbellate). Jl., peduncles solitary, erect, hearing 

 at tlie top several iirabellate pedicels. I. obovate-oblong, mu- 

 cronate, entire, glaucous beneath ; spines three-parted, long, 

 equal, h. 6ft. Nepaul, 1842. (P. F. G. 2, 181.) 



B. vulgaris (common).* Common Barbeiry. Jl., racemes many- 

 flowered, pendulous. Spring. /. somewhat obovate, ciliately- 

 serrated ; spines three-parted, k. 8ft. to 20ft. Britaiu, &c. There 

 are yellow, violet, purple, black, and white fruited, and purple- 

 leaved forms, (Sy. En. B. 51.) 



B. Wallioliiana (Wallieh's).* Jl. on drooping, aggregated pe- 

 duncles, six to eight or more in a cluster. Spring. I. in alternate 

 fascicles, 2in. to 3in. long, spreading or recurved, lanceolate, 

 sinuato-serrate; spines deeoly three-parted, slender but rigid. 

 h. 6ft. to 10ft. Nepaul, 1820." See Fig. 246. (B. M. 4656.) 



BBRCHBMIA (in honour of M. Berchem, a French 

 botanist). Ord. Rliamnaceos. A genus of erect, or twining, 

 deciduous, mostly greenhouse slirub.s. Flowers sub-umbel- 

 late, in the axils of the upper leaves, or dispo.sed in 

 terminal panicles. Leaves alternate, many-nerved, entire. 

 The species mentioned below is probably the only one yet 

 in cultivation. It is quite hardy, wiU grow in any common 

 soil, and is well adai^ted for bowers or trellis-work. Pro- 

 pagated by ripened cuttings, and slips of the root, planted 

 under a hand glass ; or by layering the young shoots. 



B. VOlnbiliS (twining).* Jl. greenish-white ; panicles small, axil- 

 lary and terminal. Drupe oblong, violaceous. June. I. oval, 

 nuicronate, a little wavy. Branches smooth. Carolina, 1714. A 

 deciduous twiner. (G. G. 165.) 



BBBGAItlOT. See SXeutlia odorata. 



BEKGEBA (named after C. J. Berger, a distinguished 

 Danish botanist). Ord. RutacecB. Interesting stove ever- 

 green trees, now usually referred to Murraya. Leaves 

 imparl- pinnate ; leaflets alternate, acuminated, pubescent. 

 They thrive in a mixture of turfy loam and peat. Propa- 

 gated by ripened cuttings, taken off at a joint, and placed 

 in sand, under a hand glass, in bottom heat ; or by layers. 



