An Encyclopedia of Horticulture. 



221 



Bnddleia — con t inued. 



The speoies most extensively prown is B. glohosa, whicli, 



among all our other shrubs, is qnito uniqne ; but it is only 

 ill the southern or favoured counties of Kn^'land where it 

 can be fairly termed hardy. It is readily propagated by 

 cuttings or by Boeds. The latter should bo sown in a gentle 

 heat the spring following the ripening, when they will vege- 

 tate pretty freely. With careful treatment and nurturing 

 in pots for the first winter, in a frost-proof pit or house, tliey 

 may soon be grown into elegant plants. Cuttings of the 

 ripened wood, put in undur bell glasses or hand lights, in a 

 cool but frost-proof pit, will root slowly during the winter. 

 They will root all the surer and quicker if each cutting has 

 a heel of older wood attached to that of the current year's 

 growth. They are best inserted in fine sand or in very 

 sandy soil, and reciuiro but little water until rooted. As 

 soon as fairly calloused over or rooted, their further pro- 

 gress may be much advanced by potting them off, and 

 plunging them in a bottom-heat of 60deg. or 65deg. This 

 is by no means an essential to secure success, but it hastens 

 it, and promotes growth in an extraordinary manner. The 

 surface temperature should range about the same as the 

 bottom-heat. Under such treatment, tlio plants will bo 

 quite fit to place out about the middle of July. A warm, 

 sheltered situation should be chosen, and a light, rich soil 

 prepared for them ; and if dry weather ensues, they oidy 

 require water. South or west walls are, without doubt, the 

 best situations for thcni. In all cool or unfavourable 

 localities, much may bo done to ensure success by planting 

 on a dry bottom, and on poorish soil. A loose, free-and- 

 easy style of training suits the plants best. This enables 

 them to yield a great number of their peculiarly formed, 

 distijict, and beautiful flowers ; whereas, anything like a 

 close, trim course of pruning or of training reduces the 

 flowers to the lowest number. 



Throughout the southern parts of England, and, indeed, 

 in many places in the north, I>. globosa makes an excellent 

 bush for the shrubbery. It is only during severe winters 

 that it gets badly cut. 



For the other presumably hardy species much the same 

 plan as the foregoing may be adopted. The greenhouse and 

 stove kinds may have the same routine of culture usually 

 employed with plants requiring similar temperatures. 



Stove species, except where specified otherwise. 



B. americana (American). Jl. yellow ; spikes disposed in a 

 teniiinal panicle, neiirly 1ft. long ; glonieniles nearly globose, 

 size of a sl<je, on short pedimcles. August. I. ovate, acuminated, 

 narrowed at the base, serrately crenated. h. 8ft. to 12ft. Peru, 

 1826. 



B. aslatloa (Asiatic).* /. white, small, disposed in long, dense 

 racemes. I. lanceolate, tiiiely serrated, h. 3ft. India, 1874. 

 A graceful and sweet-scented shrub. Syn. B, Necimta. (B. M.6323.) 



B. crlspa (curled). ^. lilac, with a white eye ; numerously pro- 

 dviced in lon^c terminal branching spikes, forming a pyramidal 

 head about 5in. long. March. I. ovate-lancuolute, creuately 

 curled; lower ones cordate at the b;use; superior ones rounded, 

 all thick and wrinkled, clothed with soft tomentum on both 

 surfaces. /^. 13ft. Western Himalayas. Half-hardy. (B. M. 4793.) 



B. globosa (globose).* Jl. orange, or honey-colour; heads large, 

 terminal, globose, pedunculate. May. /. lanceolate, acuminated, 

 petiolate, crenated, 6in. long. Branches sub-tetragonal, clothe<i 

 with hoary tomentum, as well as the under side of the leaves. 

 Ii. 15ft. to 20ft. Chili, 1774. Hardy in most places. (B. M. 174.) 



B. Undleyana (Limllcy's). jl. pui-plish-red, hairy ; dispoj^ed in 

 tfrniinal rjuHiimse spikes. September. I. ovate, shortly petitilate, 

 serrate. Branches angular, glabrous, h. 6ft. China, 1844. Half- 

 hardy. (B. R. 32, 4.) 

 B. Neemda (Neemda). A synonym of B. abiatica. 



BUDS, FLOWER. These are developed like Leaf- 

 buds, from which they differ chiefly in containing one or 

 more incipient flowers within the leaves — the flowers 

 being wrapped up in their own floral-leaves, within the 

 ordinary leaves, which have their outer covering of scales. 

 If a Bud be gathered from a Lilac or Horse-chestnut very 

 early in spring, all the rudiments of the future flowers and 

 leaves will be found within it, though the Bud itself may 

 not be more than l»alf-an-inch long, and the flowers not 

 larger than the points of the smallest pina. 



BUDS. IiBAF. Those consist of rudimentary leaves, 

 surromnliug a growing vital point, and appear like a 

 collection of scales arranged symmetrically one above the 

 other. Leaf-buds universally originate in the horizontal 

 or cellular system, and are formed under tlio bark at the 

 extremity of the medullary rays, and at the margin or on 

 the surface of loaves, whether perfect or rudimentary. 

 Deciduous trees lose their leaves, but in the axil of 

 each a little Bud previously forms, from which fresh 

 leaves expand the following spring. In some cases, as 

 in the Horse-chestnut, the Buds are covered with a gummy 

 exudation. In Privet-trees, Leaf-buds are generally smaller 

 and more elongated than Flower-buds. 



BUETTNERIA (named after David Sigismund Au- 

 gustus Byttner, once a Professor of Botany in the Uni- 

 versity of Gottingen). Ord. SterculiaceoB. Erect or scan- 

 dent stove or greenhouse shrubs. Flowers small, usually 

 dark purple ; calyx and corolla valvate ; umbels simple, 

 disposed in something like racemes or panicles, rarely in 

 corymbs. Leaves simple. All are of easy culture in a 

 compost of loam and peat. B. daayphylla, hermannicc- 

 folia, micro'phylla, and scdbra, are occasionally met with, 

 but they are hardly worth growing. 



BUETTNERIE^. A section of StercuUacem. 



SUTT'TIP MOTH {Pyg(cra hucephaln). This largo 

 and beautiful Moth is very common in many districts; it 

 is easily recognised by the bufi'-coloured tips of the fore- 

 wings — whence its common name ; the head, and body 

 between the wings and abdomen, arc ochreous. According 

 to Newman's '* British Moths," " tho caterjii liars, when full 

 grown, are about an inch and throe-quarters long, ajid 

 sprinkled with silky hairs ; tho general colour yellow, with 

 black head, black lines running from the head to the tail, 

 interrupted by a transverse orange baud on each ring, and 

 a black horny plate above the tail segment." They feed 

 on tho leaves of the Lime, Elm, and Oak, among other 

 trees, and apparently tho only remedy is that generally 

 adopted in extorniinating caterpillars, viz., to shake the 

 branches which are infested, when the pest will be quickly 

 dislodged, and fall to the ground. Miss Ormerod is of 

 opinion that " as the caterpillars come down the tree to 

 the ground for their change to chrysalids, it might bo 

 worth while to throw a few spadefuls of gas-lime, or of 

 anything they would not cross, in a circle at about a yard 

 from the tree ; or a rough band of any material soaked in 

 tar, or tar and oil, which would keep wet longer, would 

 stop them from straying off . . . and they might be 

 cleared in sufficient numbers so as to considerably lessen 

 future attack." This plan of prevention deserves a trial 

 in any place where the destructive caterpillars of these 

 Moths abound. It is almost a hopeless task to destroy 

 them altogether when once established on tho trees, such 

 specimens as large Oaks being often almost or wholly de- 

 nuded of foliage. 



BXTGIiE. .See Ajuga. 



BUGI.OSSUM BARRELIERI. See Anchusa 

 Barrelieri. 



BUGWORT. .See Cimicifuga. 



BUIiBIFEROUS. Bearing bulbs. 



BULBINE (from bolbos, a bulb). Obd. Lilidcem. A 

 genus of rather pretty hardy, or nearly hardy, herbaceous 

 or bulbous plants, allied to Anthericum. Flowers showy, 

 fragrant ; perianth with spreading segments. Leaves 

 somewhat fleshy, narrow. Stems short. They are all of 

 easy culture in a compost of sandy loam. The bulbous- 

 rooted species are increased by offsets, and the herba- 

 ceous sorts by suckers and divisions. The only species 

 which can be grown satisfactorily in the open air is 

 B. anmia. All tho others should bo grown in the green- 

 house, but may be placed in the open during the summer 

 months. 



