PLANTS CULTIVATED FOR THEIR SUBTERRANEAN PARTS. 69 



took its name from Ascalon, in Judoea ; but Dr. Fournier ^ 

 thinks that the Latin author mistook the meaning of the 

 word Askcdoiiion of Theophrastus. However this may 

 be, the word has been retained in modern languages under 

 the form of echalote in French, chcdote in Spanish, sccdogno 

 in Italian, Aschcduch or Eschlauch in German. 



In 1855 I had spoken of the species as follows : ^ — 

 "According to Roxburgh,^ Allim-ii ascalonicitrii is 

 much cultivated in India. The Sanskrit name pidandu 

 is attributed to it, a word nearly identical with pcdandu, 

 attributed to A. Cepa^ Evidently the distinction be- 

 tween the two species is not clear in Indian or Anglo- 

 Indian works. 



" Loureiro says he saw Allium asccdonicuon cul- 

 tivated in Cochin- China,^ but he does not mention 

 China, and Thunberg does not indicate this species in 

 Japan. Its cultivation, therefore, is not universal in the 

 east of Asia. This fact, and the doubt about the Sanskrit 

 name, lead me to think that it is not ancient in Southern 

 Asia. Neither, in spite of the name of the species, am I 

 convinced that it existed in Western Asia. Rauwolf, 

 Forskal, and Delile do not mention it in Siberia, in Arabia, 

 ur in Egypt. Linngeus ^ mentions Hasselquist as having 

 found the species in Palestine. Unfortunately, he gives 

 no details about the locality, nor about its wild condition. 

 In the Travels of Hasselquist ^ I find a Ce2?a montana 

 mentioned as grov^^ing on Mount Tabor and on a neighbour- 

 ing mountain, but there is nothing to prove that it was 

 this species. In his article on the onions and garlics of 

 the Hebrews he mentions only Allmni Cepa, then A. 

 p)orrun!i and A. sativum. Sibthorp did not find it in 

 Greece,^ and Fraas ^ does not mention it as now cultivated 



^ He wiU treat of this m a publication entitled CHaria, which will 

 shortly appear. 



' Geog. Bot. Raisonnee, p. 829. 



3 Roxburgh, FL Ind., edit. 1832, vol. ii. p. 142. 



■* Piddington, Index. 



^ Loureiro, Fl. Cochin., p. 251. 



•^ Linuasus, Species, p. 429. 



' Hasselquist, Voij. and Trav., 1766, pp. 281, 282. 



' Sibthorp, Prodr, ^ Fraas, Syn. Fl. Class., p. 291 



