[ 34 j 



rough flints, chippings, and fabricated tools. In the case of the 

 lower stratum this was further evidenced, — that all around the sides 

 of the shaft at this level (viz., 12 feet) were to be seen marks of 

 abrasion and weathering in the chalk, pitted over with small holes 

 or weather mai-kings. 



In brief, the entire case (so f ar as reasoning from circum- 

 stantial evidence was safe) appeared to be this : — 1. The neolithic 

 tribe who held Cissbury might have excavated the shaft till they 

 came to the layer of flint ; this they woj-ked out to the extent of the 

 area of the shaft, and, having found by experiment, or being aware 

 from former experience, that another layer was not to be met with for 

 some distance, they drove headings in all directions into the chalk, 

 and worked out the layer horizontally to a certain distance, leaving 

 here and there a pillar to support the roof. 2. That these galleries 

 were driven one after another, and not all at the same time, for it 

 would not be worth while to lift the detached blocks to the top ; 

 and it seems that, when they had raised all the flint they could in 

 one direction, they filled the first gallery with the debris from a 

 second. 



He had already remai-ked on the probable conjunction of two 

 or more pits ; this would be naturally advantageous for communi- 

 cation to those at the base of two approximate shafts, and one was 

 surprised to find the apertui-es not larger. When they had worked 

 out the flint around one shaft as far as they considered it safe, they 

 sank another, and threw the output of the second shaft into the 

 first. The implements which had been used and broken in one 

 place would naturally be left at the bottom, it not being worth 

 while to carry such away. He could account for the red earth 

 flint implement deposits by supposing that, when the shafts were 

 partially filled up with blocks of chalk, they presented a very 

 favourable place of i-etreat as workshops during bad weather. It 

 was much less exposed, and a certain amount of flint might have 

 been left from the galleries in the shaft for this purpose, " thus lay- 

 ing up flint for a rainy day." Then, in process of time, it became 

 necessai'y to do something with the large accumulation of chalk on 

 the surface, and, it might be supposed that it was thrown into an 

 open pit, thereby i-aising its level again, which might again be used 

 as a protection by the woi'kmen who, though less sheltered than when 

 deeper, would have less climbing and descent in getting to their 



